Hong Kong's Modest Economic Growth: Sustained by Domestic Consumption

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Yang ZHANG ◽  
Sarah Y TONG

Hong Kong's economy grew by 2.4% in 2015, sustained largely by a strong expansion in household consumption. The government took supporting measures, including stronger public spending and tax reduction. The economy has become increasingly interwoven with that of the Mainland and a new bilateral agreement was signed to enhance trade in services. As Hong Kong's economy is likely to face even gloomier climate in 2016, improved physical connections with the Mainland and tighter cooperation are key.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Hendrawan Toni Taruno

Poverty is a complex and multidimensional issue. Over the past four decades, the number of poor in Indonesia has experienced a significant decline, from 40.10 percent in 1976 to 9.82 percent in March 2018. Nevertheless, the disparity of poverty rates between provinces is still quite high. The poverty rate in several provinces in Java Island, for example, is already at the single-digit level, while in Eastern Indonesia, is still more than double-digit level. As it is known, public spending and economic growth are two crucial instruments on poverty reduction programs. This study aims to investigate the role of economic growth and public spending, particularly education, health, and social protection on poverty reduction in Indonesia. By using panel data from 31 provinces during 2009-2018 period, this study used two regression models to analyze the effects of these two variables on poverty reduction, both in urban and rural areas. This study shows that public spending on health and education sectors has a slightly different effect on poverty reduction between urban and rural areas. Convincingly, spending allocation on health and education has had a significant effect to reduce poverty rate in rural areas, while the decline of poverty rates in urban is likely more influenced by spending on health. This study also shows that over the past ten years, economic growth and social protection spending did not have a significant effect on reducing poverty rates. Therefore, in order to reduce poverty more effectively, it would be better for the government to focus its poverty reduction programs on investment in health and education sectors.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Sri Sarmita Dewi ◽  
Erfit Erfit ◽  
Siti Aminah

This research aims to find out how influence from free variable (household consumption, investment and labor) to the dependent variable (economic growth). Hypothesis testing the influence of household consumption, investment,and labor there is a significant relationship to economic growth in the province of jambi, this is adjusted to economic theory that economic growth will be explained by investment then this can be proven by using the F-test (collectively) and t-test (partially) with a 95% confidence level or significance level (α = 0.05). The result from data processing that: 1) The variable of domestic consumption had positive effect and significant to economic growth; 2) The variable of investment has positive effect and significant to economic growth; 3) The variable of labor had positifve effect and significant to economic growth Keywords: Economic Growth, Household Consumption, Investment, Labor.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Juan Marroquín Arreola ◽  
Humberto Ríos Bolívar

The aim of this paper is to analyze how the government determines the proportion of public spending to maximize its political benefit and stay in power. Using growth models and making modifications in them, this study demonstrates that the actions of public expenditure and growth rate are determined by the parameters of political gain. Also, the results of the simulations show that if the political gain of distribution policy is high, the government will allocate a greater share of the fund for purposes of distribution adversely affecting economic growth.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspi Eko Wiranthi

Domination allocation of Gross Domestic Product by its use in household consumption expenditure showed the importance of this type of expenditure to national economic growth and the household welfare. Under these conditions, this study aims to analyze the development of household consumption expenditure in Indonesia during the period 2000 to 2014 and the factors that influence the household consumption expenditure. By using multiple linear regressions, the study finds that the factors of national income, interest rates and fuel prices significantly affect national household consumption expenditure. To further boost economic growth and welfare, the government should imply appropriate policies by increasing household incomes through the expansion of employment opportunities, as well as maintaining the stability of interest rates and minimizing the negative impacts of the rising of oil prices.DOI:10.15408/sjie.v3i2.2063 


Author(s):  
Oluyemi Ayodele Olonite ◽  
Sani U. Gurowa ◽  
Kamaluddeen Funsho Adisa Ibrahim ◽  
John Olorunleke Ajewole

This study analysed the relationship between public spending and economic growth in Nigeria. The study used the secondary data from CBN Statistical Bulletin from 2004 – 2018. The Real Gross Domestic Product formed the dependent variable and the independent variable of interest were the Capital Expenditure on Economic Services, and Expenditure of Transfers. The variables were validated by conducting the unit root test using the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Perron Test (PP), and the correlation coefficient were determined using STATA and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation. A multiple regression model was employed for the study and was analysed using the Generalized Least Squares (GLSs) with the aid of Eviews 11 statistical program. The results of the study indicated that Capital Expenditure on Economic Services has a positive and significant impact on Economic Growth while Expenditure on Transfer has a negative and insignificant impact on Economic Growth. The study recommends that Capital Expenditure on Economic Services should be maintained and increased and Expenditure on Transfer should be made Zero, also, the government should develop the refineries to start mass production in order to null off the negative effect of transfers (subsidy payment on oil import and price equalization).


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Alami ◽  
Issam El Idrissi ◽  
Ahmed Bousselhami ◽  
Radouane Raouf ◽  
Hassane Boujettou

PurposeThe present paper aims to evaluate the structural impact of exogenously induced fiscal shocks on the Moroccan economy. This entails an analysis of the effect on the GDP of COVID-19-induced fiscal shocks manifesting in terms of budgetary revenues and expenditures. A key aspect of this analysis addresses the size of the tax and fiscal multipliers.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines the structural relationship between five variables during the period between Q1 2009 and Q2 2020 using an SVAR approach that allows for a dynamic interaction between ordinary expenditures and revenues on a quarterly basis.FindingsPositive structural shocks on public spending are likely to negatively impact economic growth. Negative economic growth, in turn, will damage price levels and interest rates, mainly over the long term. However, public-revenue-multiplier-associated shocks exceed these price- and interest-rate multiplier-associated shocks. Indeed, a structural shock to ordinary revenues can have a positive but insignificant impact on the GDP stemming from the ensuing decrease in the government budget deficit that proceeds from the increase in government revenues.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies in the Moroccan context to assess the impact of the current worldwide pandemic on public finances. In addition, this study highlights the importance of boosting economic recovery through public spending.


Author(s):  
Megha Jain ◽  
Aishwarya Nagpal ◽  
Abhay Jain

The current study attempts to examine the linkage between government (public) spending and economic growth in the broader framework of selected South Asian Nations (SANs), BRICS and other emerging nations by using two sets of empirical modelling over the period 2007–2016 by using inverted U-shaped hypothesis, propounded by Armey curve (1995). The first set has employed system GMM technique to explore the presence of the Armey curve hypothesis using the square term of government size, while the second set has used the threshold regression using system GMM panel modelling to investigate the subsequent reversals (tipping point). The key findings signify the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship for the selected data set of emerging nations and, therefore, support the Armey curve hypothesis. The projected threshold (tipping) levels (as a percentage of GDP) are 24.31% for the government total expenditures (GTotExp), 12.92% for consumption spending (GConExp) and 7.11% for investment spending (GInvExp). It has been observed that a rise in the public spending (size) resulted in a substantial increase (decrease) in the growth rate when the public spending was before (after) the optimal threshold level, indicating a non-monotonic association. The findings of the study also suggest a policy implication that public spending could only be a short-term measure to deal with crises in any nation, but not a long-term solution. JEL Classification: C23, C33, E60, E62, H00, H50, O40, O50


Author(s):  
Revinda Yonita Permata Sari ◽  
Lilis Yuliati ◽  
Siti Komariyah

Trade is one of the instruments driving the economy that has a great dependence on global dynamics. Several trade policies in Indonesia have been carried out to encourage the performance of export imports through various collaborations with Indonesia's largest trading partner countries such as China. The trade intensity that occurs in both countries is certainly expected to have an impact on the economy. This study aims to see the intra-industry intensity of trade, especially in the textile goods sector between Indonesia and China. The result shows that Intra-textile textile trade intensity between Indonesia and China, from 2000-2013 based on the ISIC 321 category (textile industry) obtained by Indonesia and China intra-industry trade, because the overall intra-industry trade index is 53.9%. Suggestion to the The government is expected to be able to boost the performance of exports and consumption of the domestic community, because so far Indonesia's economic growth has been driven more by the performance of exports and household consumption which is still quite strong; Policies regarding investment licensing must be further simplified and there is a guarantee of the availability of energy supplies for the textile industry machinery. The government must also try to increase investment in the textile industry sector especially to modernize old or worn machines so that the textile industry can expand production.


Author(s):  
Serhat Atmaca ◽  
Metin Bayrak

The realization of economic growth in order to grow and develop an economy and increase social welfare is one of the basic aims of every society. For this reason, states are making great efforts to realize economic growth and make it sustainable. In this context, the impact of public expenditure on the economic growth of countries is a matter of research. Government spending can be classified economically as expenditure on capital and current expenditures, functionally as general public services, defense services, education services, public order and security services, economic affairs and services, environmental protection services, health services and other services. There are also investment expenditures made by the government for economic development. In particular, public investment expenditures complementary to private investments have positive effects on growth. The Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan economies, which are in the category of developing countries, are looking for ways to achieve development and growth and are implementing various practices and economic policies in this process. In this context, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan have the main purpose of studying and analyzing the effects of the public expenditures that they think will be effective on economic growth. The various variables of public spending in the study were examined with the Karma Average Group (PMG) model, which shows how Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan's growth affected their growth in the short and long term. As a result, public spending has been influenced by economic growth and it has been determined which components are active on a country basis.


2021 ◽  
pp. 115-194
Author(s):  
Ángel Fernández

The study observes the size of the Spanish State by analyzing the composition of the public spending policies in the Public Budget for the years 2007-2012. The government expenditure (central State, autonomous communities and local authorities) has not been reduced to the level required to achieve the control of the public debt. Furthermore, the fiscal adjustment must be done without tax increases because they are harmful for the dynamic efficiency of the economy. Secondly, the study explains the Production Structure of Capital from the perspective of the Austrian School of Economics and, including references and bibliography of previous studies, it shows how the tax increases are against the economic growth, because lower the private saving which is necessary in order to undertake investments and produce the goods of superior order that characterize the developed economies. Finally, the study explains the need to implement an Austerity Plan to reduce the public spending in Spain, in a serious way, by mean of: 1) cut the public budget in order to keep the public administrations in the medium and long term, 2) implement structural reforms to maintain balanced bud gets, 3) fa-cilitate the monitoring by the State Audits Agency, and 4) imple ment certain institutional barriers in the public Law in order to prevent the enlargement of the State by the interventionism of politicians that advocate public deficits and unlimited borrowing. Key words: Financial Crisis, Fiscal Policy, Public Finance (budget) deficit, So - vereign Debt, Public Administration, Economic Growth, Economic Policy. JEL Classification: G01, H30, H61, H62, H63, H83, O40, P16. Resumen: Este trabajo estudia el tamaño del Estado analizando la compo-sición de las políticas de gasto público en los Presupuestos Generales del Estado de los años 2007 a 2012. El gasto público no se ha reducido en las administraciones públicas (Estado central, autonomías y entidades locales) hasta el nivel requerido para lograr controlar el nivel de la deuda pública. Adicionalmente, el ajuste fiscal debe ser realizado sin subidas de impuestos que perjudican la eficiencia dinámica de la economía. En segundo lugar, el presente artículo explica la estructura productiva del capital según la Escuela Austriaca de Economía y razona, incluyendo refe-rencias y bibliografía de estudios previos, cómo las subidas de impuestos son perjudiciales para el crecimiento económico, porque se disminuye el ahorro privado previo que es necesario para acometer las inversiones y pro - ducir los bienes de órdenes superiores que caracterizan a las economías más desarrolladas. Finalmente, se explica cómo todavía existe una urgente necesidad de imple-mentar un Plan de Austeridad que reduzca el gasto público en España, de modo serio, basado en: 1) recortar y eliminar partidas presupuestarias para soste-ner las administraciones públicas en el medio y largo plazo, 2) implementar reformas estructurales que doten presupuestos equilibrados, 3) facilitar el control por la Intervención General del Estado, y 4) interponer barreras legislativas que eviten el aumento del tamaño del Estado con el intervencionismo de los políticos que propugnan déficit público y endeudamiento sin límites. Palabras clave: Crisis Financiera, Política fiscal, Déficit Público, Deuda So-berana, Administración Pública, Crecimiento Económico, Economía Política. Clasificación JEL: G01, H30, H61, H62, H63, H83, O40, P16.


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