Nanostructured Perovskite LaCo1-xMnxO3 as Bifunctional Catalysts for Rechargeable Metal–Air Batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1540006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Ge ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Delvin Wuu ◽  
Afriyanti Sumboja ◽  
Tao An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Bifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysts ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Cathode Catalysts ◽  
Hydrothermal Methods ◽  
Zinc Air Batteries

Bifunctional catalyst that is active for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is one of the most important components of rechargeable metal–air batteries. Nanostructured perovskite bifunctional catalysts comprising La , Co and Mn ( LaCo 1-x Mn x O 3, LCMO ) are synthesized by hydrothermal methods. The morphology, structure and electrochemical activity of the perovskite bifunctional catalysts are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. Nanorod, nanodisc and nanoparticle are typical morphologies of LCMO . The electrocatalytic activity of LCMO is significantly improved by the addition of conductive materials such as carbon nanotube. To demonstrate the practical utilization, LCMO in the composition of LaCo 0.8 Mn 0.2 O 3( LCMO82 ) is used as air cathode catalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. The battery prototype can sustain 470 h or 40 discharge–charge cycles equivalent.

Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Carbon Supported Ruthenium-Based Electrocatalysts in PEMFC

2011 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
He Xiang Zhong ◽  
Hua Min Zhang ◽  
Mei Ri Wang
Keyword(s):  
Metal Carbonyl ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Pt Electrocatalysts

The ruthenium-based electrocatalysts supported on carbon black were prepared by the decarbonylation of the transition metal carbonyl with the 1,6-hexanediol as the solvent. The catalysts were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM). The electrochemical behaviours of the catalysts were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The catalysts demonstrate attractive catalytic activity towards the ORR. The catalyst is expected to be promising alternative non-Pt electrocatalysts for PEMFC.

Oxygen Reduction Studies on Carbon-supported Pt-M Catalysts (M: Ru, W, Mo)

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hernández Maya ◽  
A.J. Armenta González ◽  
O. Ugalde ◽  
M.T. Oropeza Guzmán ◽  
P. Roquero
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Bimetallic Catalysts ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Molybdenum Oxides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Catalytic Performances

The activities of a series of carbon-supported bimetallic catalysts, with different active phases loadings, were tested towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Pt was used in all materials and its loading was kept constant. Mo, W and Ru were used as promoting phases. Rotating Disk electrode experiments revealed that Pt-Ru displayed the best performance in oxygen reduction among the studied materials. The materials with the highest loadings of the second metal revealed the highest activities. X-Ray Diffraction studies (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of homogeneously dispersed metallic ruthenium and different tungsten or molybdenum oxides in the corresponding catalysts. No evidence of alloying was found, and thus the catalytic performances appear to be related to the distribution and interaction of the active phases.

scholarly journals Solid-Solutions as Supports and Robust Photocatalysts and Electrocatalysts: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Charles ◽  
Ikegwuonu P. Ebuka ◽  
Ndepana A. Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Clear Explanation

AbstractSome solid solutions have been strongly utilized over the years as good materials for the synthesis of electrocatalysts and photoctalysts. Sometimes, they are used as supports in order to improve electrocatalytic and photocatalytic properties. We show various achievements of solid solutions as good electrocatalysts, and also, good electrocatalysts support materials in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Also, we demonstrate various works utilizing solid solutions as good photocatalysts, and good photocatalysts support materials in overall water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. In all these reports, solid solutions proved to posses the necessary properties needed of any material as electrocatalysts and photocatalysts. In many cases, their use as catalysts supports recorded great improvements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was largely used to confirm the chemical environment of the results obtained, together with X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the electrochemical methods, cyclic voltammograms (CVA), chronoamperometry and rotating disk electrode (RDE), were also carried out. Linear sweep voltametry (LSV) curve was carried out in some cases to measure the current at a working electrode, and tables were shown for clear explanation. In addition, a photoluminescence spectrum (PL) was used to probe the electronic structure of the various solid solutions.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Preparation and Design for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3858
Author(s):  
Monica Dan ◽  
Adriana Vulcu ◽  
Sebastian A. Porav ◽  
Cristian Leostean ◽  
Gheorghe Borodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Doped Graphene

Four N-doped graphene materials with a nitrogen content ranging from 8.34 to 13.1 wt.% are prepared by the ball milling method. This method represents an eco-friendly mechanochemical process that can be easily adapted for industrial-scale productivity and allows both the exfoliation of graphite and the synthesis of large quantities of functionalized graphene. These materials are characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry measurements, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy, and then, are tested towards the oxygen reduction reaction by cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode methods. Their responses towards ORR are analysed in correlation with their properties and use for the best ORR catalyst identification. However, even though the mechanochemical procedure and the characterization techniques are clean and green methods (i.e., water is the only solvent used for these syntheses and investigations), they are time consuming and, generally, a low number of materials can be prepared, characterized and tested. In order to eliminate some of these limitations, the use of regression learner and reverse engineering methods are proposed for facilitating the optimization of the synthesis conditions and the materials’ design. Thus, the machine learning algorithms are applied to data containing the synthesis parameters, the results obtained from different characterization techniques and the materials response towards ORR to quickly provide predictions that allow the best synthesis conditions or the best electrocatalysts’ identification.

Methanol-Tolerant Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Pt–Pd/C Alloy Nanocatalysts

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mary Remona ◽  
K. L. N. Phani
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Methanol Tolerance ◽  
Pd Catalysts ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Tolerant

Carbon-supported platinum and Pt–Pd alloy electrocatalysts with different Pt/Pd atomic ratios were synthesized by a microemulsion method at room temperature (metal loading is 10 wt %). The Pt–Pd/C bimetallic catalysts showed a single-phase fcc structure and the mean particle size of Pt–Pd/C catalysts was found to be lower than that of Pt/C. The methanol-tolerant studies of the catalysts were carried out by activity evaluation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Pt–Pd catalysts using a rotating disk electrode (RDE). The studies indicated that the order of methanol tolerance was found to be PtPd3/C>PtPd/C>Pt3Pd/C. The oxygen reduction activities of all Pt–Pd/C were considerably larger than that of Pt/C with respect to onset and overpotential values. The Pd-loaded catalysts shift the onset potential of ORR by 125 mVMSE, 53 mVMSE, and 41 mVMSE to less cathodic potentials for Pt3Pd/C, PtPd/C, and PtPd3/C, respectively, with reference to Pt/C and the Pt3Pd/C catalyst showed greater shift in the onset value than the other PtPd catalysts reported in literature. Moreover, the Pt–Pd/C catalysts exhibited much higher methanol tolerance during ORR than the Pt/C, assessing that these catalysts may function as a methanol-tolerant cathode catalysts in a direct methanol fuel cell.

Synthesis of Bimetallic AuPt Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution and Electrocatalytic Activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. Njoki ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
Aisley Jacob ◽  
Rizwan Munawar ◽  
Bilal Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Electrocatalytic Activity ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Nanoparticle Catalysts ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticle

ABSTRACTThe ability to control composition and size in the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles is important for the exploitation of the bimetallic catalytic properties. This paper reports recent findings of an investigation of the synthesis of gold-platinum (AuPt) bimetallic nanoparticles in aqueous solution via reduction of AuCl4− and PtCl42− using a combination of reducing and capping agents. In addition to characterization of the morphological properties of the AuPt nanoparticles using TEM and XRD, the electrocatalytic activity of the carbon-supported AuPt nanoparticle catalysts was also examined for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) using the rotating disk electrode (RDE) technique. The findings have implications to the design of bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cell reactions.

Ethanol: Tolerant Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts in Alkaline Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakkrapong Chaiburi ◽  
Bernd Cermenek ◽  
Birgit Elvira Pichler ◽  
Christoph Grimmer ◽  
Viktor Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

This paper describes electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs), using the non-noble metal electrocatalyst Ag/C, MnO2/C and AgMnO2/C. These electrocatalysts showed tolerance toward ethanol in alkaline media and therefore resistance to ethanol crossover in ADEFCs. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), cyclic voltammetry, and rotating disk electrode (RDE) were employed to determine the morphology, composition, and electrochemical activity of the catalysts. The herein presented results confirm that the AgMnO2/C electrocatalyst significantly outperforms the state-of-the art ORR catalyst platinum.

scholarly journals Atomically Dispersed Transition Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Dong ◽  
Mingjie Wu ◽  
Zhangsen Chen ◽  
Xianhu Liu ◽  
Gaixia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysts ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Specific Energy Density ◽  
High Metal ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Zinc Air Batteries

AbstractRechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are currently receiving extensive attention because of their extremely high theoretical specific energy density, low manufacturing costs, and environmental friendliness. Exploring bifunctional catalysts with high activity and stability to overcome sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction is critical for the development of rechargeable ZABs. Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts possessing prominent advantages of high metal atom utilization and electrocatalytic activity are promising candidates to promote oxygen electrocatalysis. In this work, general principles for designing atomically dispersed M-N-C are reviewed. Then, strategies aiming at enhancing the bifunctional catalytic activity and stability are presented. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of M-N-C bifunctional oxygen catalysts for ZABs are outlined. It is expected that this review will provide insights into the targeted optimization of atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts in rechargeable ZABs.

Mn-Co oxide/PEDOT as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution/reduction reactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 1777 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaheh Davari ◽  
Douglas G. Ivey
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Bifunctional Electrocatalyst ◽  
Bifunctional Electrocatalysts ◽  
Anodic Electrodeposition

ABSTRACTBifunctional electrocatalysts, which facilitate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), are vital components in advanced metal-air batteries. Results are presented for carbon-free, nanocrystalline, rod-like, Mn-Co oxide/PEDOT bifunctional electrocatalysts, prepared by template-free sequential anodic electrodeposition. Electrochemical characterization of synthesized electrocatalysts, with and without a conducting polymer (PEDOT) coating, was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). In addition, microstructural characterization was conducted using SEM, TEM, STEM and XPS. Mn-Co oxide/PEDOT showed improved ORR/OER performance relative to Mn-Co oxide and PEDOT. On the basis of rotating disk electrode (RDE) experiments, Mn-Co oxide/PEDOT displayed the desired 4-electron transfer oxygen reduction pathway. Comparable ORR activity and superior OER activity relative to commercial Pt/C were observed.

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