Solutions of the Ortvay Rudolf International Competition in Physics: Exploding Refrigerator (2016/10 Problem)

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 2120002
Author(s):  
Gombkötő Ákos
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
International Competition ◽  
School Level ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Physical Reasoning ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Mathematical Techniques

The Ortvay Rudolf international competition was first organized in 1970. The focus is usually not on routine school-level problems but rather on problem-solving relying on physical reasoning and skills in recognizing the fundamental character and “heart” of the problem. Some problems lead the contestants to so-far unsolved, open questions, while some are accessible to first-year students. However, only for a relatively small number of problems do official solutions exist. The intention of this paper is to be the first in a series of published solutions discussing the competition problems. The problem treated below is a simple exercise about heat transfer in a thermodynamic system, which highlights the limitations and consequences of accepting seemingly intuitive approximations, and gives a didactical example of “explosive” dynamics. The calculation does not use mathematical techniques beyond those commonly expected of high school students.

scholarly journals The problems of junior high school students

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Muh Farozin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students

Problem is a state that is not in line with expectations and must be solved immediately. The junior high school student is in the early adolescent phase, which finds many major changes in him that can cause problems. Guidance and conseling services should be provided in accordance with the problems experienced by students and their needs. However, guidance and conseling teachers have difficulty identifying the problems that affect the giving of guidance and counseling services. This study observes the problems experienced by students in junior high school with the number of respondents as many as 193 students. They are first year students of junior high school in Yogyakarta. We analyzed student problems using survey methods with problem-based guidance and counseling instrument, namely Alat Ungkap Masalah (AUM) Umum. The results showed that the 3 highest problem experienced by junior high school students in Yogyakarta covered 45% of he Social Relationship, 44% Personality, and Physical Health got 40%.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy and Academic Performance in Algebra among First-Year Private Non – Sectarian High School Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lolly Jean C. Simbulas
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students

The determinants of students’ academic performance caught the attention of many scholars for many years now. Among other factors, self-efficacy proved to be an important predictor of academic performance. In an educational context, self-efficacy refers to students’ expectations about their ability to complete academic tasks successfully. Learners, who are unsure of their ability to complete the task, often give up when they encounter difficulties. This study tested the relationship between self-efficacy and academic performances in Algebra among first-year private non-sectarian high school students. The research design was descriptive- correlation survey method that utilizes a modified tool in Algebra self-efficacy scale in order to gather data from 163 first-year students from different high schools in Davao City. The academic performance measured in this study was based on students’ third-quarter grades. Data were treated using Mean and Pearson Product - Moment Coefficient of Correlation. The results of the study indicated that the level of students’ self–efficacy on Motivational Strategies, Cognitive Strategies, Resource Management, and Self-Regulated Learning is high. Furthermore, students’ level on academic performance in Algebra is satisfactory. Self-efficacy was not significantly related to academic performance in Algebra. The study recommends using a standardized test in algebra to measure students’ academic performance and with a bigger sample proportionate to the population of each school.Keywords— Mathematics Education, self–efficacy, academic performance, algebra, first year students, private non-sectarian, descriptive-correlational design, Davao City, Philippines

Investigating High School Students’ Self-Efficacy in Reading Circles

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Reading Anxiety ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Academic Year

The purpose of this quasi-experimental longitudinal study is to investigate the effects of EFL reading circles on Japanese high school students’ reading self-efficacy and reading anxiety. The participants (N = 316), first-year students at a Japanese coeducational high school, participated in regular reading circles over the course of one academic year. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires measuring reading self-efficacy, reading anxiety, and attitudes towards reading circles. A repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to evaluate changes in reading self-efficacy and anxiety. Reading self-efficacy was shown to improve significantly over the course of the academic year, while reading anxiety significantly decreased. Reasons for these changes are discussed. この特定の被験者に対する継続的実験研究の目的は、日本の高校生の英文読解に対する自己効力感と不安感に、EFLリーディングサークルがどのような効果をもたらすかについて調査することである。316人の被験者は日本の男女共学の高校一年生であり、1年間を通して定期的にリーディングサークルに参加した。定量的データは、読解における自己効力感、不安感、そしてリーディングサークルに対する態度を測る質問票から集計されたものである。読解に対する自己効力感と不安感の変化を評価するために反復測定分散分析（ANOVA）が行われた。1年の間に、読解に対する自己効力感は有意に向上し、不安感は有意に減少した。本論では、こういった変化の理由についても論じている。

scholarly journals Project-based learning in the classroom: a case study at High school level

Aula Abierta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
Verónica Basilotta Gómez-Pablos ◽  
Eva María Torrecilla Sánchez ◽  
Ana García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso ◽  
Azucena Hernández Martín
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
School Level ◽  
First Year ◽  
High School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

This research presents the results of a case study that analyses the Solidarity Atocha project, which was implemented at a school in Madrid, Spain, and in which 114 first-year High school students participated. The main objective of this study is to analyse the experience of students that participated in the Solidarity Atocha project and to understand how they evaluated it and how satisfied they were with it. The method applied in this case study is a mixed one that used both qualitative and quantitative techniques. A semantic differential and a semi-structured interview were used to collect data. In general, the results obtained reveal a very positive evaluation from the students, mainly in terms of teamwork and the use of digital tools. However, they encountered some difficulties with regard to the time spent on the project and to guidance provided as they worked on it. Inferential analyses show significant differences between the team groups.

scholarly journals Adaptation of First-Year Students to the Conditions of Study in Higher Educational Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2 (340)) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Tetiana Yopa ◽  
◽  
Andrian Ostapov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
First Year Students

The problem of adaptation of first-year students is a topical issue of higher education institutions. Adaptation of students is a rather complex and long process that lasts during all years of study in a higher education institution, but the most important and problematic period is the period of study in the first year. One of the important criteria for the adaptation of freshmen to the conditions of stay and the learning process in higher education is their health. The stronger the health of students, the more successful their adaptation. The article presents the deteriorating health of first-year students; interpretation of the concept of «adaptation»; various forms (types) of adaptation of student's youth are considered; factors influencing the adaptation process; difficulties in adapting freshmen. Independent physical education and sports in extracurricular time contribute to the more successful adaptation of freshmen to the learning process. The article considers the most common forms of independent physical education classes among students. Adaptation takes place during all years of study, but the most important and problematic period is the period of study in the first year. Admission to free economic education is determined by changes in the living conditions of students, leads to the destruction of previously developed habits, skills, values ​​of former high school students, partial or complete loss of relationships with former classmates and more. There are several (types) of forms of adaptation: formal adaptation, refers to the cognitive and informational adaptation of students to the new environment, to the structure of higher education, to the requirements and their obligations; social adaptation – the process of internal integration of groups of first-year students and the integration of these groups with the student environment as a whole; didactic adaptation, concerns the preparation of students for new forms and methods of educational work in higher education.

scholarly journals IMPROVING ENGLISH TENSE VERBS THROUGH CARTOON FILM AT THE FIRST YEAR OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Natalia Manuhutu
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
T Test ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Inferential Statistic ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Items

This research aimed at finding out the use of cartoon film in improving the students’ English tense verbs. To explain the improvement, the researcher used experimental research method. The population of the research consists of 210 students and took 60 students as a sample which was conducted two classes: 30 students in experimental class and 30 students in control class. The research data are collected using vocabulary test in multiple choice items, matching test and completion test which is analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistic through SPSS 21.0. The location of this research was taken at the first year students’ of SMP Negeri 9 Ambon. The result data analysis are mean score of posttest of experimental class is higher than control class in vocabulary (73.8 > 66.2).The different of those mean score is statistically significant, it is based on t-test value at significant level 0.05, the probability value is lower than significant level ( 2.021 < 32.68 ). Based on the result above, the researcher concluded that using cartoon film to improve the students’ English tense verbs of the first year of SMP Negeri 9 Ambon was effective because the data shows a very significant different between t- test and t- table. Keywords: Cartoon film, English tense verbs

scholarly journals Social Intelligence and Valuable Orientations of First-Year Students of the University

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1880-1883
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The University

The authors turn to the consideration of the issue of social intelligence and value orientations of high school students. Speaking about the relevance of the study, the authors indicate that social intelligence and the value orientations provide students with psychological adaptation to new socio-economic conditions and education systems, and participate in the formation of professional self-determination. Considering social intelligence, the authors turn to the interpretation of this concept by researchers E.L. Thorndike, F. Moss and T. Hunt, G. Olport. When considering the concept of “value orientations”, the authors turn to history and give its definition, based on the study of psychological and pedagogical literature. In order to study the social intelligence and value orientations of high school students, the authors conducted an experiment, which is based on a test for the study of social intelligence by J. Guildford and M. O’Sullivan. The students' value orientations were evaluated according to three universal factors: grades (values), strengths (potency) and activity, developed by C. Osgood.

scholarly journals STUDI TENTANG KONSEPSI (MAHA)SISWA DALAM MEMAHAMI FENOMENA PERGANTIAN SIANG DAN MALAM

Vidya Karya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Theo Jhoni Hartanto ◽  
Susi Marcelina
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Physics Education ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
Study Program ◽  
First Year Students

Abstract. Everyone must experience regular day and night changes. The question is: how could the day and night shift occur? It is often not all people's understanding of the event is in accordance with scientific concepts. This article describes the conceptions of a number of students about the day and night turnover events. This study was carried out through pictures and explanations from each participant's interview. Participants in this study consisted of 10 high school students and 16 first year students of Physics Education Study Program, all participants lived in Palangka Raya and its surroundings. Based on the results of the study, students still have many misconceptions about day-night shifts, for example the conception of revolving Earth models, rotation models, revolving sun-moon models, and blocking models. The conceptions found in this study have similarities with the results of studies abroad in various age groups and levels of education. Keywords: day and night, conception, scientific concept Abstrak. Setiap orang pasti mengalami pergantian siang dan malam secara beraturan. Pertanyaannya: bagaimana peristiwa pergantian siang dan malam itu bisa terjadi? Seringkali tidak semua pemahaman orang-orang terhadap peristiwa tersebut sesuai dengan konsep ilmiah. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan konsepsi dari beberapa siswa dan mahasiswa tentang peristiwa pergantian siang dan malam. Studi ini dilaksanakan melalui gambar dan penjelasan dari wawancara masing-masing partisipan. Partisipan dalam studi ini terdiri dari: 10 siswa sekolah menengah dan 16 mahasiswa tahun pertama Prodi Pendidikan Fisika, seluruh partisipan tinggal di Kota Palangka Raya dan sekitarnya. Berdasarkan hasil studi, pada siswa dan mahasiswa masih banyak konsepsi-konsepsi yang salah tentang pergantian siang-malam, misalnya konsepsi revolving Earth model, rotation model, revolving sun-moon model, dan blocking model. Konsepsi-konsepsi yang ditemukan dalam studi ini memiliki kemiripan dengan hasil-hasil studi di luar negeri pada berbagai kelompok umur dan jenjang pendidikan. Kata kunci: siang dan malam, konsepsi, konsep ilmiah

scholarly journals Opportunity Makes the Cheater: High School Students and Academic Dishonesty

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-87
Author(s):  
Andrej Šorgo ◽  
Marija Vavdi ◽  
Urška Cigler ◽  
Marko Kralj
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Academic Dishonesty ◽  
First Year ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
School Students ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Open Question

The purpose of this study was to reveal data about cheating behaviours in Slovenian upper secondary schools, to raise awareness and to lower tolerance for such behaviour. To acquire information about demographics, cheating behaviour, and opinions on such behaviour, we compiled a questionnaire that targeted a university population of first-year students(N=323). From the results, it was revealed that cheating is a way of life in Slovenian schools, and almost all students at least occasionally indulge in some academic misbehaviour. It seems that a culture tolerant or even supportive of such behaviour has been established among students, parents and teachers, all working together to “help” students climb the ladder of success. The open question is whether all kinds of cheating are even recognized as such. Cheating is most common in homework, but at the other end, even systems such as external exams are not immune to fraud. At the moment, classic methods of cheating dominate. Differences between characters (e.g. gender) and educational institutions in most cases are non-existent or small, a finding that could aid in establishing measures to prevent cheating inside schools as institutions.

Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Mahasiswa Calon Guru Matematika Sebagai Kajian Evaluasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanifah Nurus Sopiany
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
School Level ◽  
Real Analysis ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Secondary School Level

Penalaran matematis menggunakan pola pikir logis dalam menganalisa suatu masalah yang nanti pada akhirnya akan ditandai dengan aktivitas menyimpulkan atas masalah tersebut. Seseorang yang memiliki penalaran yang baik, tentunya akan berhati-hati dalam bertindak dan memutuskan sesuatu. Materi-materi pada kalkulus merupakan materi yang ada pada tingkat sekolah menengah yang nantinya menjadi lahan mengajar mahasiswa calon guru matematika S-1. Kemampuan penalaran yang dikaji mempengaruhi pembelajaran mahasiswa kedepannya karena berlaku pada matakuliah lanjut, contohnya pada kemampuan pembuktian akan selalu digunakan pada matakuliah persamaan diferensial, struktur aljabar, analisis  vektor, analisis real, dll. Sedangkan sebagai calon guru yang nantinya mengajar pada tingkat sekolah menengah, maka kemampuan penalaran ini menjadi salah satu capaian pembelajaran matematika bagi siswa sekolah menengah, maka oleh karena itu guru yang mengajarnya haruslah memiliki kemampuan penalaran yang baik. Analisis kesalahan sangat penting untuk melakukan evaluasi dan refleksi pada struktur soal maupun pada perlakuan dalam pembelajaran dalam upaya memperbaiki kemampuan penalarannya.   Mathematical reasoning uses a logical mindset in analyzing a problem that will eventually be marked by concluding activity on the problem. Someone who has good reason, will certainly be careful in acting and deciding something. The material content on the calculus is the material that exists at the secondary school level which will become the field of teaching the prospective master of math teacher bachelor. The reasoning ability studied influences student learning in the future as it applies to advanced courses, for example in the ability of proof will always be used in the course of differential equations, algebraic structure, vector analysis, real analysis, etc. While as a teacher candidate who will teach at the secondary school level, then this reasoning ability becomes one of the achievements of mathematics learning for high school students, therefore teachers who teach it must have good reasoning ability. Error analysis is very important to evaluate and reflect on the problem structure as well as on the treatment in learning in order to improve the reasoning ability.

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