scholarly journals Goal Orientation: A Review of the Miles Traveled and the Miles to Go

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Vandewalle ◽  
Christina G.L. Nerstad ◽  
Anders Dysvik
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Distal Outcome ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Goal orientation, a theory that originated primarily in the educational and social psychology fields, has emerged in the past two decades as a prominent theory in organizational psychology and organizational behavior. We review the state of affairs for goal orientation research with the following roadmap. First, we discuss the historical roots of goal orientation. Next, we summarize the nomological network of goal orientation and describe the processing frameworks associated with goal orientation factors. We then discuss the crucial role of moderator variables to explain the notable variance found in goal orientation–outcome variable relationships. We next summarize the research findings on the relationship of goal orientation with the proximal mediator and distal outcome variables. We conclude the review with a miles-to-go discussion of several major issues currently faced in goal orientation research.

Virtual Reality from the Standpoint of Complexity Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-260
Author(s):  
Helena Knyazeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
Extended Approach ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Latent Potential ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

An extended approach to the comprehension of virtual reality is developed in the article. Virtual reality is understood not only as a logically possible or cybernetically constructed reality but also as continuous turbulence of potencies of the complex natural and social world we live in, the wandering of complex systems and organizations over a field of possibilities, such a realization of forms and structures in which many formations remain in latent, potential forms, and are in the permanent process of making and multiplying a spectrum of possibilities, lead to the growth of the evolutionary tree of paths of development. It is shown that such an understanding of virtual reality corresponds to concepts and notions developed in the modern science of complexity. The most significant concepts are considered, such as the nonlinearity of time, the relationship of space and time, the uncertainty of the past and the openness of the future, the choice and construction of the future at the moments of passing the bifurcation points. Some cultural and historical prototypes of these modern ideas of virtual reality are given. It is substantiated that the vision of virtual reality being developed today can play the role of a heuristic tool for understanding the functioning and stimulation of human creativity.

Theoretical Perspectives on Listening

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Language Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research into listening over the past three decades has, above all, highlighted the fundamental intricacy of the processes involved. In order to make sense of spoken messages, listeners may need to integrate information from a range of sources: phonetic, phonological, prosodic, lexical, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. The fact that we achieve all this in real time as the message unfolds makes listening “complex, dynamic, and fragile” (Celce-Murcia 1995:366). In this review I consider research into four aspects of these complexities: processes (e.g., speech recognition, discourse comprehension, and memory); the role of context; factors influencing listening; and the relationship of listening with other language skills. Finally I suggest likely directions for future research into listening.

The Spread and Persistence of Māturīdi Kalām and Underlying Dynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-92
Author(s):  
Philipp Bruckmayr
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theological Schools ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe paper is concerned with a long-term perspective on the position of Māturīdi kalām within (mostly) Hanafi Muslim societies from Timurid times to the 19th century. Whereas outright conflict between legal and theological schools was mainly a thing of the past during the time in question with Ash'arism, already fully embraced also by Hanafi constituencies within the ahl al-sunna wa l-jamā'a, a preference for Māturīdi views on specific issues persisted among the majority of Hanafi kalām scholars from Bosnia to South Asia. This state of affairs will be highlighted through recourse to madrasa curricula and theological literature from the era and areas as diverse as Turkey and Southeast Asia. Additionally, it seeks to draw attention to the mechanisms behind the spread and long-term persistence of the school throughout large parts of a Muslim world seemingly dominated by Ash'arism in the sphere of scholastic theology. In this regard, the prevalence of Transoxanian legal tradition within Hanafism and its linkages to Māturīdism, as well as the relationship of Naqshbandi Sufism to the school will be discussed.

scholarly journals ROLE OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS IN LICHEN PLANUS PATHOGENESIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
Dmitry E. Mikhalev ◽  
V. A Stolyarova ◽  
N. A Cherevko ◽  
P. G Sysolyatin ◽  
O. D Baidik
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Scientific Facts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Among diseases of the oral mucosa, lichen planus (LP) is up to 13%. Over the past decade, the number of patients with this dermatosis has doubled. Currently, the etiopathogenetic factor of LP development remains unclear, but there are many theories of the development of this disease. However, in the literature there is no description of a common pathogenetic link. In connection with th e above, the authors believe that these theories can be combined with new scientific facts and ideas about the barrier role of innate, and in particular, mucosal immunity. The review article describes the role of mucosal immunity of mucous membranes - toll-like receptors (TLR), describes the mechanism of activation of the immune system through TLR2 and TLR4, shows the relationship of immune inflammation triggers - the reaction of food intolerance, factors that contribute to the development of hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of LP. The mechanism is presented for the presentation of autoantigens to immunocompetent cells with the participation of heat shock proteins. The prospects for further study of TLR with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of LP are presented.

scholarly journals The Role of Employee Engagement Mediates the Relationship of the Work Environment, Teamwork on Employee Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Paulino Mendonca ◽  
I Gede Riana ◽  
Augusto da Conceição Soares
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Employee Involvement ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Master Program ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Paulino Mendonca, Master Program in Management Sciences, Magister Program Institute of Business IOB. The Role of Employee Engagement Influence Work Enviroment, Teamwork on Employee Performance. Commission of Supervisor I: Dr. I Gede Riana, SE., MM, Commission of Supervisor II: Dr. Augusto Da C. Soares, SE., MM. This study aims to analysis (1) influence of the work environment on employee performance, (2) influence of the work environment on employee involvement, (3) influence of teamwork on employee performance, (4) influence of teamwork on employee involvement, (5) the effect of employee involvement on employees performance, (6) the role of employee involvement mediates the working environment relationship on employee performance, (7) the role of employee involvement mediates teamwork relationship to employee performance. The population in this study was 680 of all MAP employees at the Dili, the sample using the slovin formula so as to get 156. Data were analyzed using the Smart-PLS The research findings the work environment, teamwork, influence positive not significantly to employee performance. This research shows that work environment, teamwork is not able to improve employee performance. The effect of work involvement on employee performance found that involvement had a positive significant effect on employee performance. The role of employee involvement mediates the working environment relationship, teamwork is full mediation. Keywords: Work Environment, Teamwork, Employee Engagement, Employee Performance.

Per aspera ad astra. The relationship of teachers and students in the national gymnasium in the second half of XIX-early XX century

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Грива ◽  
Ol'ga Griva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rote Learning ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the presented monograph discusses the state of Affairs in the schools in the second half of XIX — beginning of XX century, concerning questions of organization of relations between teachers and students, by students. Documents of the gymnasiums operating in the territory of the Russian Empire, in particular in the Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kiev, Kharkov and Odessa educational districts are analyzed. The author refuted the point of view on the school as a "school of drill and rote learning", and allegedly progressive role of school in shaping the educated, cultured, educated citizens. On numerous unpublished materials of archives (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kiev, Kharkov, Odessa and Simferopol), a complex of official pedagogical documents and theoretical works of teachers shows the nature of the organization of intra-relations.

scholarly journals الذاكرة في المجموعة القصصية (يسقط المطر.. تموت الأميرة) لمنى الشمري / Memory in the anthology of stories (The rain falls.. The Princess passes away) by Mona Shammari

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannan Ghāzi Al-Muṭairī
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ملخص البحث: يسعى هذا البحث إلى عرض ملامح الذاكرة عند القاصة منى الشمري في مجموعتها القصصية (يسقط المطر.. تموت الأميرة) بوصفها منجزاً في رسم صورة الذاكرة عبر المكان والزمن والشخصية واللغة، فكل هذه العناصر السابقة شكلت أدوات وظفتها القاصة وعبرت من خلالها عن صور الذاكرة التي برزت من خلال أربعة محاور كالآتي: الذاكرة والمكان، الذاكرة والزمن، الذاكرة والشخصية، الذاكرة واللغة. يقوم البحث وفق المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ومن النتائج التي خلص إليها البحث: شكلت منطقة (الفحيحيل) دور البطولة عبر المجموعة القصصية؛ إذ كانت مسرحاً لأحداث القصص، كما أن علاقة الذاكرة بالزمن تتوقف على موقف الشخصية من هذا الزمن، كما تسعى الشخصيات للاحتفاظ بالأشياء التي تذكرها بالماضي في محاولة لتعويض الحنين، وقد شكلت اللغة الوعاء الثقافي الذي سجلت من خلاله القاصة ذاكرة الماضي. الكلمات المفتاحية: الذاكرة -الحنين إلى الماضي -القصة القصيرة-منى الشمري– الكويت.   Abstract: This research seeks to present the features of memory in the story series of Mona Al-Shammari (The Rain Falls..The Princess Passes Away) as an achievement in drawing the image of memory through space, time, personality and language. All of these previous elements have   used as tools for capturing the memory images that have emerged through four axes: memory and space, memory and time, memory and personality, memory and language. The research   conducted according to the descriptive analytical method. The research found the following results: Fahaheel represented the role of heroism through the story series as it was the scene of storytelling, and the relationship of memory in time depends on the personality position of this time. The characters also try to retain the things they remember in the past in an attempt to compensate nostalgia. The language formed the cultural awareness through which the story recorded the past. Keywords: Memory- nostalgia- short story - Mona Shammari - Kuwait.   Abstrak Kajian ini berusaha untuk memaparkan ciri-ciri memori dalam antologi cerita nukilan Mona Al-Shammari (Hujan turun..Puteri mangkat) sebagai satu pencapaian dalam melakarkan imej memori melalui ruang, masa, watak dan bahasa. Semua unsur-unsur yang lepas telah digunakan sebagai alat untuk mencerap imej-imej memori yang telah muncul dalam empat dimensi: memori dan ruang, memori dan masa, memori dan watak serta memori dan bahasa. Kajian ini dilaksanakan secara deskriptif dan analitikal. Kajian ini mendapati: Fahaleel mewakili watak hero dalam rangkaian cerita-cerita tersebut kerana ia adalah merupakan latar penceritaan cerita; hubungan memori dalam masa bergantung kepada kedudukan watak di dalam masa tersebut. Watak-watak tersebut juga cuba mengekalkan apa yang diingati mereka pada masa lampau sebagai satu usaha untuk menggantikan nostalgia. Bahasa pula dilihat membentuk kesedaran budaya melalui masa lampau yang dirakamkan oleh cerita. Kata kunci: Memori, nostalgia, cerpen, Mona Shammari, Kuwait

scholarly journals MYTHICAL ELEMENTS BASED ON TRADITIONAL MALAY LITERATURE TEXT

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Norazimah Zakaria ◽  
Mazarul Hasan Mohamad Hanapi ◽  
Makmur Harun ◽  
Farra Humairah Mohd
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sociology Of Literature ◽  
Past Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Myth is a very dominant element in traditional Malay literature. The myths are not set forth in an unorganized manner or randomly, but instead are based on the belief patterns that are already in existence, and this reflects the connection of the society’s thinking with elements of animism that serve as the background of their lives before the arrival of other beliefs. Examples of the development of myth stories can be observed in hikayat (literary works) in traditional Malay literature like Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa and Sejarah Melayu. Meanwhile, examples of oral stories are those found in Cerita Rakyat Malaysia (2008). The aim of this article is to identify the functions of myths found in traditional Malay literature. This article will use the Sociology of Literature approach by Plummer, Ken (1997). The approach of this paper draws on to the questions of how myths became the belief of the society and what is the function of myths in traditional Malay literature texts. The functions of myths can be seen based on these questions. Elements of myths in historical works are narrations that are believed by the locals as actual occurrences that have happened in their locality in the past. Hence, the myth stories became the basis and answers to the inquisitiveness of the people of the past time. The other purpose is to uphold the royal dignity. In traditional literature, literature is viewed as the mirror of society and their documents. The role of myth stories is not only to explain their functions in the society but also to reveal the creativity of the writer or orator and the storyteller. But here, the presence of mythical elements explains to us the relationship of the work from the aspect of thoughts and the world view of that society in the past.

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