Effect of environmental temperature on metabolic changes following physical injury

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
R. E. Haist ◽  
Rosemary D. Hawkins ◽  
Georgine V. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Nonprotein Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Environmental Temperatures ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Rats in shock resulting from limb ischemia showed no significant differences in the rise in blood nonprotein nitrogen when kept at different environmental temperatures after the period of limb ischemia. Under these conditions the elevation in blood inorganic phosphorus was inversely related to the environmental temperature. In the shocked rats the tolerance for orally administered carbohydrate was less and the hepatic glycogen values were higher at 21°-32°C than at 10°C. However, at similar times the residue of reducing substances in the gut was greater at 10°C than at 21°-32°C. There was no significant difference in the tolerance for intravenously administered glucose at 10°, 20° and 30°C in the shocked rats, but control rats, with clamps left in position, showed a significantly better tolerance at 10°C than at 20° or 30°C. Under the conditions used, environmental temperature had little influence on blood N.P.N. changes in shock, but did influence the blood inorganic phosphorus levels and the tolerance for orally administered carbohydrate. Submitted on July 16, 1959

THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON SHOCK PRODUCED BY A CLAMPING PROCEDURE

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
R. E. Haist ◽  
Rebeka Moscarello ◽  
T. L. Friedlich ◽  
J. R. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Standard Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

The influence of environmental temperature on the development of shock produced by a clamping technique in rats was studied. In experiments in which the animals were subjected to different environmental temperatures during the period of limb ischemia, the best survival was obtained with an air temperature of 15 °C. At 9.5 °C and 40 °C the rats did not survive the 10-hour clamping period. When the clamping was carried out at a standard temperature (27 °C) and the rats were then transferred to a room at different temperatures just prior to clamp release, the best survival was obtained at or near a temperature of 24 °C. The temperature in the colon of the shocked rats fell quickly in a cooler environment and rose in a warmer one. When chlorpromazine (0.35 mg/100 g rat) was given at the time of clamp removal to rats kept thereafter at 9.4 °C, 20–21 °C, 24 °C, and 30 °C, survival was significantly prolonged at air temperatures of 20–21 °C, but not at 9.4 °C, 24 °C, or 30 °C. Changes in humidity had no significant influence on survival. The experiments show that the optimum temperature during the period of ischemia is different from that for hindering the development of shock following a period of ischemia.

THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON SHOCK PRODUCED BY A CLAMPING PROCEDURE

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
R. E. Haist ◽  
Rebeka Moscarello ◽  
T. L. Friedlich ◽  
J. R. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Standard Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

The influence of environmental temperature on the development of shock produced by a clamping technique in rats was studied. In experiments in which the animals were subjected to different environmental temperatures during the period of limb ischemia, the best survival was obtained with an air temperature of 15 °C. At 9.5 °C and 40 °C the rats did not survive the 10-hour clamping period. When the clamping was carried out at a standard temperature (27 °C) and the rats were then transferred to a room at different temperatures just prior to clamp release, the best survival was obtained at or near a temperature of 24 °C. The temperature in the colon of the shocked rats fell quickly in a cooler environment and rose in a warmer one. When chlorpromazine (0.35 mg/100 g rat) was given at the time of clamp removal to rats kept thereafter at 9.4 °C, 20–21 °C, 24 °C, and 30 °C, survival was significantly prolonged at air temperatures of 20–21 °C, but not at 9.4 °C, 24 °C, or 30 °C. Changes in humidity had no significant influence on survival. The experiments show that the optimum temperature during the period of ischemia is different from that for hindering the development of shock following a period of ischemia.

Dealing with hot rocky environments: Critical thermal maxima and locomotor performance in Leptodactylus lithonaetes (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Beltran
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Locomotor Performance ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Environmental temperature has fitness consequences on ectotherm development, ecology and behaviour. Amphibians are especially vulnerable because thermoregulation often trades with appropriate water balance. Although substantial research has evaluated the effect of temperature in amphibian locomotion and physiological limits, there is little information about amphibians living under extreme temperature conditions. Leptodactylus lithonaetes is a frog allegedly specialised to forage and breed on dark granitic outcrops and associated puddles, which reach environmental temperatures well above 40 ˚C. Adults can select thermally favourable microhabitats during the day while tadpoles are constrained to rock puddles and associated temperature fluctuations; we thus established microhabitat temperatures and tested whether the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) of L. lithonaetes is higher in tadpoles compared to adults. In addition, we evaluated the effect of water temperature on locomotor performance of tadpoles. Contrary to our expectations, puddle temperatures were comparable and even lower than those temperatures measured in the microhabitats used by adults in the daytime. Nonetheless, the CTmax was 42.3 ˚C for tadpoles and 39.7 ˚C for adults. Regarding locomotor performance, maximum speed and maximum distance travelled by tadpoles peaked around 34 ˚C, approximately 1 ˚C below the maximum puddle temperatures registered in the puddles. In conclusion, L. lithonaetes tadpoles have a higher CTmax compared to adults, suggesting a longer exposure to extreme temperatures that lead to maintain their physiological performance at high temperatures. We suggest that these conditions are adaptations to face the strong selection forces driven by this granitic habitat.

Isolation of an Anti-fatigue Preparation from Cellulase-treated Maca by Hydroalcoholic Extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Zheng Yue ◽  
Zhang Wen-Cheng ◽  
Wu Ze-Yu ◽  
Fu Chuan-Xiang ◽  
Gao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity of maca hydroalcoholic extract (ME), which mainly contains macamides and polysaccharides. ME was prepared by circumfluence extraction with enzymatic pre-treatment. Anti-fatigue activity of ME was investigated in weight-loaded forced swimming mice, with pure macamides and commercially available maca tablet as positive control. Compared with normal group, pure macamides treatment group could prolong the swimming time to exhaustion, but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05); while ME (middle-dose and high-dose groups) could effectively prolong the swimming durations (P < 0.05). Supplementation with pure macamides significantly decreased blood lactic acid (BLA), whereas ME significantly increased hepatic glycogen (HG), decreased BLA, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) compared with those in normal control (P < 0.05). The results suggested that the anti-fatigue effect of ME was better than that of pure macamides, which can be explained by the increase of glycogen storage and the reduction of metabolites accumulation.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes of surgical embolectomy versus catheter-directed thrombolysis for acute limb ischemia: a nationwide cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Kai Yang ◽  
Chien-Chou Su ◽  
Chih-Hsin Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Acute Limb Ischemia ◽  
Antithrombotic Agent ◽  
Catheter Directed Thrombolysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surgical Embolectomy ◽  
Adjusted Rate ◽  
Adjusted Rate Ratio

AbstractIn Taiwan, the outcomes of acute limb ischemia have yet to be investigated in a standardized manner. In this study, we compared the safety, feasibility and outcomes of acute limb ischemia after surgical embolectomy or catheter-directed therapy in Taiwan. This study used data collected from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Database (NHID) and Cause of Death Data between the years 2000 and 2015. The rate ratio of all-cause in-hospital mortality and risk of amputation during the same period of hospital stay were estimated using Generalized linear models (GLM). There was no significant difference in mortality risk between CDT and surgical intervention (9.5% vs. 10.68%, adjusted rate ratio (95% CI): regression 1.0 [0.79–1.27], PS matching 0.92 [0.69–1.23]). The risk of amputation was also comparable between the two groups. (13.59% vs. 14.81%, adjusted rate ratio (95% CI): regression 0.84 [0.68–1.02], PS matching 0.92 [0.72–1.17]). Age (p < 0.001) and liver disease (p = 0.01) were associated with higher mortality risks. Heart failure (p = 0.03) and chronic or end-stage renal disease (p = 0.03) were associated with higher amputation risks. Prior antithrombotic agent use (p = 0.03) was associated with a reduced risk of amputation. Both surgical intervention and CDT are effective and feasible procedures for patients with ALI in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Serum inorganic phosphorus levels predict 30-day mortality in patients with community acquired pneumonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad E. Naffaa ◽  
Mona Mustafa ◽  
Mohje Azzam ◽  
Roni Nasser ◽  
Nizar Andria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effects of environmental temperature and method of feeding on the performance and carcass composition of bacon pigs

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Holme ◽  
W. E. Coey
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

A trial designed to investigate the effects of two environmental temperatures, three feeding regimes and the interactions between them is described. A temperature of 72° F. was better than one of 54° F. for bacon pigs between 40 lb. and 200 lb. weight. The higher temperature resulted in faster growth, more efficient feed conversion and increased length of carcass. Other carcass characteristics were not significantly altered. Ad libitum feeding resulted in faster growth and fatter carcasses than restricted feeding, but did not have a significant effect on efficiency of feed conversion. When feed intake was restricted, feeding pigs once daily or twice daily resulted in similar performance and carcass composition.There was a significant interaction between environmental temperature and feeding method for average daily gain in that pigs fed ad libitum grew faster at the low temperature and pigs fed restricted amounts of feed grew faster at the high temperature. No other interaction reached significant levels.

Evaluation of Tissue Perfusion by Wound Blush and 2D Color-Coded Digital Subtraction Angiography During Endovascular Intervention and Its Impact on Limb Salvage in Critical Limb Ischemia

2021 ◽  
pp. 152660282110659
Author(s):  
Hassan Lotfy ◽  
Ahmed Abou El-Nadar ◽  
Wael Shaalan ◽  
Ali El Emam ◽  
Akram Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Limb Salvage ◽  
Critical Limb Ischemia ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Technical Failure ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is an entity with high mortality if not properly treated. The primary aim of CLI revascularization is to enhance wound healing, which greatly depends on microvascular circulation. The available tools for assessment of revascularization success are deficient in the evaluation of local microvascular tissue perfusion, that wound blush (WB) reflects. A reliable technique that assesses capillary flow to foot lesions is needed. This study aims to assess WB angiographically at sites of interest in the foot after revascularization and its impact on limb salvage in CLI. Materials and Methods: 198 CLI patients (Rutherford category 5/6) with infrainguinal atherosclerotic lesions amenable for endovascular revascularization (EVR) were included. Limbs were directly or indirectly revascularized by EVR. Direct revascularization meant that successful revascularization of the area of interest according to the angiosome concept was achieved. A completion angiographic run was taken to assess WB. Patients were divided into 2 groups; positive and negative WB groups. In the event of a disagreement between the observational investigators, the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) series was analyzed for hemodynamic changes with a computerized 2D color-coded DSA (Syngo iFlow). Results: 176 limbs had successful revascularization in 157 patients. The successful revascularization rate was 88.9% (176/198), with technical failure encountered in 22 limbs. 121 patients had positive WB and 55 patients had negative WB. Direct revascularization of target areas was obtained in 98 limbs (55.7%). There was a significant difference in the rate of achieving direct flow to the lesion between the positive WB and negative WB groups (36.4% vs 19.3%, p≤0.001). We noticed a nonsignificant difference between patients who had direct revascularization of the foot lesion(s) and those who had indirect revascularization as regards limb salvage. Patients were followed up for 25.2 ± 12.7 months. By the end of the first year, limb salvage rate was significantly higher in patients who had positive WB (98% vs 63%, p<0.001, after 2 years (97% vs 58%, p<0.001) and after 3 years (94% vs 51.5%, p<0.001). Conclusions: WB is an important predictor and a prognostic factor for wound healing in CLI patients with soft tissue lesions.

scholarly journals Differences in phosphatemia and frequency of consumption of dietary sources of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients in southern and northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Baggio Nerbass ◽  
Edcléia Regina Canzi ◽  
Renata dos Anjos Araujo ◽  
Dyane Corrêa ◽  
Rafaela Gonzaga dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphorus Sources ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pork Sausages

Abstract Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia is associated with unfavorable outcomes, and the percentage of patients presenting with this condition in hemodialysis (HD) in kidney foundation units in the state of Santa Catarina (SC) is historically higher than that of patients in the state of Tocantins (TO). Objective: To assess the frequency of consumption of the main dietary sources of phosphorus and to compare them between the two states. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 123 patients, 66 of SC and 57 of TO: 52% were men, average age was 46.9 ± 15.7 years, and mean HD time 48 (57-71) months. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 33 items that are dietary sources of phosphorus was applied. A consumption score was calculated for sources of organic, inorganic, and total phosphorus, and the six-month average of phosphatemia was obtained. Results: The mean phosphatemia of SC patients was higher (6.2 ± 1.5 vs 4.7 ± 1.3 mg/dL, p <0001) than TO patients, as well as the prevalence of hyperphosphatemia (62% vs 28%; p <10001). In the total sample, the foods most frequently consumed were milk and beans. Comparing the frequency of consumption between the two states, a significant difference was found in 17 items. In TO, beef and beans were the foods most frequently consumed, and in SC, fourteen other items of the FFQ (pork, sausages, dairy products, etc.) were the most frequently consumed. Phosphatemia correlated with the frequency of consumption of inorganic phosphorus sources. Conclusion: the frequency of consumption of several items was different between the states, and this explains the differences in phosphatemia between the two regions.

Comparison Between Computed Tomography Angiography and Digital Subtraction Angiography in Critical Lower Limb Ischemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Ebrahim Ahmed Al-rudaini ◽  
Ping Han ◽  
Huimin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Lower Limb Ischemia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background:CT Angiography (CTA) of aortoiliac and lower extremity arteries is a relatively recent innovation of CT imaging that has changed after the introduction of multi-detector row scanners.Objective:The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Multidetector Computed Tomographic Angiography (MDCTA) in the assessment of arterial tree in patients with Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease (PAOD), as compared to Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA).Methods:A single-center nonrandomized prospective study was conducted on 50 patients complaining of peripheral arterial disease (chronic stage) from February 2017 to October 2017. All the patients were exposed to DSA and CTA prior to definitive treatment. The images were then analyzed using maximum intensity projection, volume-rendered, and curved multiplane reformation techniques.Results:All the patients involved in this study were susceptible according to their clinical presentation. The statistical analysis exposed a highly significant difference between CTA and DSA in the assessment of stenosis at the level of Femoropopliteal segment (P<0.01), while for infrapopliteal segment, there was no statistically significant difference between CTA and DSA having 8% versus 14% insignificant stenosis and 62% versus 47% significant stenosis in CTA and DSA, respectively. The overall accuracy of CT angiography in the femoropopliteal segments was 95.20% while in the infrapopliteal segment it was 94.5%.Conclusion:Multidetector CT angiography was found to be a reliable alternative mean for pathoanatomical description of the arterial lesions in critical lower limb ischemia and its subsequent management in comparison to digital subtraction angiography.

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