Epinephrine infusion increases adipose interleukin-6 gene expression and systemic levels in humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1309-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Keller ◽  
Charlotte Keller ◽  
Lindsay E. Robinson ◽  
Bente K. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Exercise increases IL-6 mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue; however, the immediate signal for the IL-6 induction is unknown. We, therefore, explored the possible role of epinephrine in the induction of IL-6 in adipose tissue. Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and blood samples were obtained from eight healthy men (mean age 27 yr, mean height 184 cm, mean weight 83 kg) in response to epinephrine infusion or in response to saline infusion. The rate of epinephrine infusion was such that circulating epinephrine concentrations mimicked that typically seen during exercise. The level of IL-6 mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue increased 26-fold (95% confidence interval, 9- to 166-fold) at 3 h of epinephrine infusion compared with controls ( P = 0.028). In addition, plasma levels of IL-6 increased in response to epinephrine infusion ( P < 0.001). However, epinephrine did not affect the IL-6 receptor mRNA. In conclusion, epinephrine acutely increases IL-6 mRNA levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue as well as circulating IL-6 levels in healthy men.

scholarly journals SUN-LB106 The Transcriptomic Evidences on Role of Abdominal Visceral vs. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes in Asian Indian Indicates the Involvement of Both

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar Mathur ◽  
Anshul Kumar ◽  
Pradeep tiwari ◽  
aditya Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Gene Sets ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Introduction: Asian Indians show “thin fat phenotype” characterized by higher visceral adipose tissue(VAT) and lower subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT) mass and their higher cardio-metabolic risk has been attributed to this fat distribution. However, the underlying molecular pathology and role of these adipose depots in the pathogenesis of T2D in them remains unknown.Hypothesis: The comparison of transcription profiles of abdominal VAT and SAT and their correlation with diabetes related intermediate phenotypic traits could shed some light on their role in the pathophysiology of diabetes.MethodologySubjects: 19 diabetics (M: F ratio, 8:11) and 16 age and BMI matched controls (M: F ratio 5:11) undergoing abdominal surgery (non-malignant and non-infective conditions).Clinical Parameters: Anthropometry, Serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-R, HbA1c, lipid profile, FFA, adipocytokines. Abdominal VAT, SAT and liver fat were estimated by MRI.Adipose tissue biopsy: SAT and VAT samples were taken during surgery. Genome-wide gene expression profiling of these biopsies was performed using Affymetrix GeneChipPrimeView® arrays. The data was submitted to NCBI-GEO (Accession # GSE78721). Selected genes were validated by qPCR. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for functional and Weighted Gene Correlation Analysis (WGCNA) for statistical comparison was done.Results:Diabetics had higher waist circumference (p=0.05), HOMA-R (p=0.0002), Visceral fat content (p=0.02) and adipocyte size (p=0.02)GSEA: diabetics vs. controls: In VAT 16 gene sets were upregulated (FDR &lt; 25%) enriching various immune system and inflammation-related pathways. In SAT too, various inflammatory genes were upregulated however they were statistically non-significant (FDR &gt; 25%). Moreover, 12 out of 16 significantly enriched pathways in VAT were among the top 20 pathways in SAT. GSEA in diabetics: VAT vs SAT: None of the gene sets were found significant at FDR &lt; 25% which substantiated our hypothesis that overall pathophysioloigcal alteration in both depots are similar. WGCNA for statistical comparison of VAT and SAT depots The correlation between measures of average gene expression and overall connectivity between both depots was significantly positive. Several modules of co-expressed genes in both VAT and SAT showed positive as well as negative correlation with various intermediate phenotypic traits of diabetes. In both depots they enriched several pathways otherwise known to be associated with pathological adipose tissue like inflammation, adipogenesis etc. Conclusions In Asian Indians, diabetes pathology inflicts similar molecular alternations in VAT and SAT, which are more intense in the former. The role of both adipose depots in the pathophysiology of diabetes is along similar lines and they enrich several molecular pathways which are otherwise known to be implicated in pathological adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Eicosapentaenoic Acid Increases Browning Markers in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Primary Adipocytes from Wild Type and UCP-1 Deficient Mice (P15-007-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasika Jayarathne ◽  
Mandana Pahlavani ◽  
Latha Ramalingam ◽  
Shane Scoggin ◽  
Naima Moustaid-Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Objectives Brown adipose tissue (BAT) regulates energy balance through thermogenesis, in part via uncoupling protein -1 (UCP-1). White adipose tissue (WAT), namely subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) can convert to a beige/brite adipose tissue phenotype (browning) under thermogenic conditions such as cold. We previously reported that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduced obesity and glucose intolerance, and increased UCP-1 in BAT of B6 mice at ambient temperature (22°C); and these effects were attenuated at thermoneutral environment (28–30°C). We hypothesized that EPA exerts anti-obesity effects on SAT, including increased browning, adipocyte hypotrophy; and these effects require UCP-1. Methods Six-week-old B6 wild type (WT) and UCP-1 knock-out (KO) male mice were maintained at thermoneutral environment and fed high fat diet (HF) with or without 36 g/kg of AlaskOmega EPA-enriched fish oil (800 mg/g) for 14 weeks; and SAT was collected for histological, gene and protein analyses. SAT was also prepared from chow diet-fed WT and KO mice at ambient environment to prepare stroma vascular cells, which were differentiated into adipocytes, treated with 100uM EPA for 48 hours then harvested for mRNA and protein analyses. Results KO mice fed HF diets had the highest body weight (P < 0.05) among all groups. EPA reduced fat cell size in both WT and KO mice fed the EPA diet. mRNA levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) were higher in SAT of WT mice fed EPA compared to WT mice fed HF (P < 0.05), with no differences between the KO genotype. KO mice fed HF diets had lower levels of UCP-3 in SAT compared to WT mice fed HF (P < 0.05), which was rescued only in the KO mice fed EPA (P < 0.05). UCP-1 protein levels were very low in SAT tissues, and UCP-2 mRNA levels were similar across all groups in SAT. Interestingly, EPA significantly (P < 0.05) increased mRNA expression of UCP-2, UCP-3 and FGF21 in differentiated SAT adipocytes from both WT and KO compared to control. Furthermore, UCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in WT adipocytes treated with EPA, compared to non-treated cells (P < 0.05). Additional mechanistic studies are currently underway to further dissect adipose depot differences in EPA effects in WT vs. KO mice. Conclusions Our data suggest that EPA increases SAT browning, independently of UCP-1. Funding Sources NIH/NCCIH.

Adiponectin gene expression and adipocyte diameter: a comparison between epicardial and subcutaneous adipose tissue in men

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. e153-e156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bambace ◽  
Mariassunta Telesca ◽  
Elena Zoico ◽  
Anna Sepe ◽  
Debora Olioso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Thermogenic response to epinephrine in the forearm and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. E850-E855 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Simonsen ◽  
J. Bulow ◽  
J. Madsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Basal Period ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Whole body energy expenditure, thermogenic and metabolic changes in the forearm, and intercellular glucose concentrations in subcutaneous adipose tissue on the abdomen determined by microdialysis were measured during epinephrine infusion in healthy subjects. After a control period, epinephrine was infused at rates of 0.2 and 0.4 nmol.kg-1 x min-1. Whole body resting energy expenditure was 4.36 +/- 0.56 (SD) kJ/min. Energy expenditure increased to 5.14 +/- 0.74 and 5.46 +/- 0.79 kJ/min, respectively (P < 0.001), during the epinephrine infusions. Respiratory exchange ratio was 0.80 +/- 0.04 in the resting state and did not change. Local forearm oxygen uptake was 3.9 +/- 1.3 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 in the basal period. During epinephrine infusion, it increased to 5.8 +/- 2.1 (P < 0.03) and 7.5 +/- 2.3 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 (P < 0.001). Local forearm glucose uptake was 0.160 +/- 0.105 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 and increased to 0.586 +/- 0.445 and 0.760 +/- 0.534 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 (P < 0.025). The intercellular glucose concentration in the subcutaneous adipose tissue on the abdomen was equal to the arterial concentration in the basal period but did not increase as much during infusion of epinephrine, indicating glucose uptake in adipose tissue in this condition. If it is assumed that forearm skeletal muscle is representative for the average skeletal muscle, it can be calculated that on average 40% of the enhanced whole body oxygen uptake induced by infusion of epinephrine is taking place in skeletal muscle. It is proposed that adipose tissue may contribute to epinephrine-induced thermogenesis.

scholarly journals Association of fat mass profile with natriuretic peptide receptor alpha in subcutaneous adipose tissue of medication-free healthy men: A cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Petros C. Dinas ◽  
Eleni Nintou ◽  
Dimitra Psychou ◽  
Marnie Granzotto ◽  
Marco Rossato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide Receptor ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Peptide Receptor ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background: Atrial natriuretic peptide increases lipolysis in human adipocytes by binding to natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPRA). The aim of the current study was to examine the associations of NPRA mRNA of subcutaneous adipose tissue with fat mass, fat-free mass, body mass index (BMI) and arterial blood pressure in medication-free healthy men. Method: Thirty-two volunteers [age (years): 36.06±7.36, BMI: 27.60±4.63 (kg/m2)] underwent assessments of body height/weight, % fat mass, fat-free mass (kg), blood pressure, and a subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy via a surgical technique. Results: We found that NPRA mRNA was negatively associated with % fat mass (r=-0.40, R2=0.16, p=0.03) and BMI (r=-0.45, R2=0.20, p=0.01). Cohen’s f2 effect size analyses showed a small effect size between NPRA mRNA and BMI (f2=0.25). One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc tests showed a tendency for mean differences of NPRA mRNA across BMI categories (p=0.06). This was confirmed by Cohen’s d effect size analyses revealing a large effect size of NPRA mRNA between obese individuals (BMI≥30 kg/m2) and either normal weight (BMI=19-25 kg/m2; d=0.94) or overweight (BMI=25-30 kg/m2; d=1.12) individuals. Conclusions: NPRA mRNA is negatively associated with % fat mass and BMI in medication-free healthy men, suggesting a possible role of NPRA in the control of fat mass accumulation.

scholarly journals Assessing the Contribution of Relative Macrophage Frequencies to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianthi Kalafati ◽  
Michael Lenz ◽  
Gökhan Ertaylan ◽  
Ilja C. W. Arts ◽  
Chris T. Evelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Cell Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue Cell ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background: Macrophages play an important role in regulating adipose tissue function, while their frequencies in adipose tissue vary between individuals. Adipose tissue infiltration by high frequencies of macrophages has been linked to changes in adipokine levels and low-grade inflammation, frequently associated with the progression of obesity. The objective of this project was to assess the contribution of relative macrophage frequencies to the overall subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression using publicly available datasets.Methods: Seven publicly available microarray gene expression datasets from human subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies (n = 519) were used together with TissueDecoder to determine the adipose tissue cell-type composition of each sample. We divided the subjects in four groups based on their relative macrophage frequencies. Differential gene expression analysis between the high and low relative macrophage frequencies groups was performed, adjusting for sex and study. Finally, biological processes were identified using pathway enrichment and network analysis.Results: We observed lower frequencies of adipocytes and higher frequencies of adipose stem cells in individuals characterized by high macrophage frequencies. We additionally studied whether, within subcutaneous adipose tissue, interindividual differences in the relative frequencies of macrophages were reflected in transcriptional differences in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Adipose tissue of individuals with high macrophage frequencies had a higher expression of genes involved in complement activation, chemotaxis, focal adhesion, and oxidative stress. Similarly, we observed a lower expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and oxidation and mitochondrial respiration.Conclusion: We present an approach that combines publicly available subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression datasets with a deconvolution algorithm to calculate subcutaneous adipose tissue cell-type composition. The results showed the expected increased inflammation gene expression profile accompanied by decreased gene expression in pathways related to lipid metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in subcutaneous adipose tissue in individuals characterized by high macrophage frequencies. This approach demonstrates the hidden strength of reusing publicly available data to gain cell-type-specific insights into adipose tissue function.

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