Ion Channels and Transporters on the Move

Physiology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Cell Locomotion ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Migration

Cell migration plays a crucial role in a variety of (patho)physiological processes such as immune defense, wound healing, and formation of tumor metastases. Detailed models have been developed to describe cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration. However, evidence is accumulating that the activity of ion channels and transporters is also required for optimal cell locomotion.

Function and spatial distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. F739-F747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Migration

Cell migration plays a central role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as embryogenesis, immune defense, wound healing, or the formation of tumor metastases. Detailed models have been developed that describe cytoskeletal mechanisms of cell migration. However, evidence is emerging that ion channels and transporters also play an important role in cell migration. The purpose of this review is to examine the function and subcellular distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration. Topics covered will be a brief overview of cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration, the role of ion channels and transporters involved in cell migration, and ways by which a polarized distribution of ion channels and transporters can be achieved in migrating cells. Moreover, a model is proposed that combines ion transport with cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration.

Role of Ion Channels and Transporters in Cell Migration

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1865-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab ◽  
Anke Fabian ◽  
Peter J. Hanley ◽  
Christian Stock
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Tumor Metastases

Cell motility is central to tissue homeostasis in health and disease, and there is hardly any cell in the body that is not motile at a given point in its life cycle. Important physiological processes intimately related to the ability of the respective cells to migrate include embryogenesis, immune defense, angiogenesis, and wound healing. On the other side, migration is associated with life-threatening pathologies such as tumor metastases and atherosclerosis. Research from the last ∼15 years revealed that ion channels and transporters are indispensable components of the cellular migration apparatus. After presenting general principles by which transport proteins affect cell migration, we will discuss systematically the role of channels and transporters involved in cell migration.

scholarly journals Factor XIII-A: An Indispensable “Factor” in Haemostasis and Wound Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3055
Author(s):  
Fahad S. M. Alshehri ◽  
Claire S. Whyte ◽  
Nicola J. Mutch
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Severe Bleeding ◽  
Bleeding Diathesis ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
Protein Substrates ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Isopeptide Bonds

Factor XIII (FXIII) is a transglutaminase enzyme that catalyses the formation of ε-(γ-glutamyl)lysyl isopeptide bonds into protein substrates. The plasma form, FXIIIA2B2, has an established function in haemostasis, with fibrin being its principal substrate. A deficiency in FXIII manifests as a severe bleeding diathesis emphasising its crucial role in this pathway. The FXIII-A gene (F13A1) is expressed in cells of bone marrow and mesenchymal lineage. The cellular form, a homodimer of the A subunits denoted FXIII-A, was perceived to remain intracellular, due to the lack of a classical signal peptide for its release. It is now apparent that FXIII-A can be externalised from cells, by an as yet unknown mechanism. Thus, three pools of FXIII-A exist within the circulation: plasma where it circulates in complex with the inhibitory FXIII-B subunits, and the cellular form encased within platelets and monocytes/macrophages. The abundance of this transglutaminase in different forms and locations in the vasculature reflect the complex and crucial roles of this enzyme in physiological processes. Herein, we examine the significance of these pools of FXIII-A in different settings and the evidence to date to support their function in haemostasis and wound healing.

scholarly journals Fingering instability in spreading epithelial monolayers: roles of cell polarisation, substrate friction and contractile stresses

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Trenado ◽  
Luis L. Bonilla ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Coherent Structures ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Epithelial Monolayers ◽  
Fingering Instability

Collective cell migration plays a crucial role in many developmental processes that underlie morphogenesis, wound healing, or cancer progression. In such coordinated behaviours, cells are organised in coherent structures and...

Influence of electrotaxis on cell behaviour

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Cortese ◽  
Ilaria Elena Palamà ◽  
Stefania D'Amone ◽  
Giuseppe Gigli
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Neuron Guidance

Understanding the mechanism of cell migration and interaction with the microenvironment is not only of critical significance to the function and biology of cells, but also has extreme relevance and impact on physiological processes and diseases such as morphogenesis, wound healing, neuron guidance, and cancer metastasis.

scholarly journals Enabling migration by moderation: YAP/TAZ are essential for persistent migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 218 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praful R. Nair ◽  
Denis Wirtz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
Cytoskeletal Tension ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Persistent Cell

Persistent cell migration plays a crucial role in physiological processes, but its underlying mechanisms of regulation remain unclear. Mason et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201806065) show that YAP/TAZ limit cytoskeletal tension, which is essential for persistent (but not initiation of) cell migration. Potential implications of this study range from embryonic development to metastasis.

Transient mechanical interactions between cells and viscoelastic extracellular matrix

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Matthew Slater ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Dhiraj Indana ◽  
Yihao Xie ◽  
Ovijit Chaudhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Contractile Forces ◽  
Surrounding Extracellular Matrix

During various physiological processes, such as wound healing and cell migration, cells continuously interact mechanically with a surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Contractile forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton are transmitted...

scholarly journals A Wound-Healing Assay Based on Ultraviolet Light Ablation

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Ying Wu ◽  
Yung-Shin Sun ◽  
Kuan-Chen Cheng ◽  
Kai-Yin Lo
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Wound Healing Assay ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Free Region ◽  
A Cell

Collective cell migration plays important roles in many physiological processes such as embryonic development, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. A “wound” occurs when epithelial cells are lost and/or damaged due to some external factors, and collective cell migration takes place in the following wound-healing process. To study this cellular behavior, various kinds of wound-healing assays are developed. In these assays, a “wound,” or a “cell-free region,” is created in a cell monolayer mechanically, chemically, optically, or electrically. These assays are useful tools in studying the effects of certain physical or chemical stimuli on the wound-healing process. Most of these methods have disadvantages such as creating wounds of different sizes or shapes, yielding batch-to-batch variation, and damaging the coating of the cell culture surface. In this study, we used ultraviolet (UV) lights to selectively kill cells and create a wound out of a cell monolayer. A comparison between the current assay and the traditional scratch assay was made, indicating that these two methods resulted in similar wound-healing rates. The advantages of this UV-created wound-healing assay include fast and easy procedure, high throughput, and no direct contact to cells.

A Photoactivable Formaldehyde Donor with Fluorescence Monitoring Reveals Threshold to Arrest Cell Migration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas P Smaga ◽  
Nicholas W Pino ◽  
Gabriela E Ibarra ◽  
Vishnu Krishnamurthy ◽  
Jefferson Chan
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Fluorescence Enhancement ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cell Lysate ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
Biological Analytes

Controlled light-mediated delivery of biological analytes enables the investigation of highly reactivity molecules within cellular systems. As many biological effects are concentration dependent, it is critical to determine the location, time, and quantity of analyte donation. In this work, we have developed the first photoactivatable donor for formaldehyde (FA). Our optimized photoactivatable donor, photoFAD-3, is equipped with a fluorescence readout that enables monitoring of FA release with a concomitant 139-fold fluorescence enhancement. Tuning of photostability and cellular retention enabled quantification of intracellular FA release through cell lysate calibration. Application of photoFAD-3 uncovered the concentration range necessary for arresting wound healing in live cells. This marks the first report where a photoactivatable donor for any analyte has been used to quantify intracellular release.

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