Function and spatial distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. F739-F747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Migration

Cell migration plays a central role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as embryogenesis, immune defense, wound healing, or the formation of tumor metastases. Detailed models have been developed that describe cytoskeletal mechanisms of cell migration. However, evidence is emerging that ion channels and transporters also play an important role in cell migration. The purpose of this review is to examine the function and subcellular distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration. Topics covered will be a brief overview of cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration, the role of ion channels and transporters involved in cell migration, and ways by which a polarized distribution of ion channels and transporters can be achieved in migrating cells. Moreover, a model is proposed that combines ion transport with cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration.

Ion Channels and Transporters on the Move

Physiology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Cell Locomotion ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Migration

Cell migration plays a crucial role in a variety of (patho)physiological processes such as immune defense, wound healing, and formation of tumor metastases. Detailed models have been developed to describe cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration. However, evidence is accumulating that the activity of ion channels and transporters is also required for optimal cell locomotion.

Role of Ion Channels and Transporters in Cell Migration

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1865-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab ◽  
Anke Fabian ◽  
Peter J. Hanley ◽  
Christian Stock
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Tumor Metastases

Cell motility is central to tissue homeostasis in health and disease, and there is hardly any cell in the body that is not motile at a given point in its life cycle. Important physiological processes intimately related to the ability of the respective cells to migrate include embryogenesis, immune defense, angiogenesis, and wound healing. On the other side, migration is associated with life-threatening pathologies such as tumor metastases and atherosclerosis. Research from the last ∼15 years revealed that ion channels and transporters are indispensable components of the cellular migration apparatus. After presenting general principles by which transport proteins affect cell migration, we will discuss systematically the role of channels and transporters involved in cell migration.

scholarly journals Role of Berry Anthocyanins and Phenolic Acids on Cell Migration and Angiogenesis: An Updated Overview

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Tsakiroglou ◽  
Natalie E. VandenAkker ◽  
Cristian Del Bo’ ◽  
Patrizia Riso ◽  
Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
Berry Extracts

Cell migration is a critical process that is highly involved with normal and pathological conditions such as angiogenesis and wound healing. Important members of the RHO GTPase family are capable of controlling cytoskeleton conformation and altering motility characteristics of cells. There is a well-known relationship between small GTPases and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Endothelial cell migration can lead to angiogenesis, which is highly linked to wound healing processes. Phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins are major groups of phytochemicals and are abundant in many natural products. Their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, angiogenenic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective properties have been extensively documented. This comprehensive review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo role of berry extracts and single anthocyanin and phenolic acid compounds on cell migration and angiogenesis. We aim to summarize the most recent published studies focusing on the experimental model, type of berry extract, source, dose/concentration and overall effect(s) of berry extracts, anthocyanins, and phenolic acids on the above processes.

Vascular endothelial wound closure under shear stress: role of membrane fluidity and flow-sensitive ion channels

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 2355-2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gojova ◽  
Abdul I. Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Cell Spreading ◽  
Rapid Healing ◽  
Static Conditions

Sufficiently rapid healing of vascular endothelium following injury is essential for preventing further pathological complications. Recent work suggests that fluid dynamic shear stress regulates endothelial cell (EC) wound closure. Changes in membrane fluidity and activation of flow-sensitive ion channels are among the most rapid endothelial responses to flow and are thought to play an important role in EC responsiveness to shear stress. The goal of the present study was to probe the role of these responses in bovine aortic EC (BAEC) wound closure under shear stress. BAEC monolayers were mechanically wounded and subsequently subjected to either “high” (19 dyn/cm2) or “low” (3 dyn/cm2) levels of steady shear stress. Image analysis was used to quantify cell migration and spreading under both flow and static control conditions. Our results demonstrate that, under static conditions, BAECs along both wound edges migrate at similar velocities to cover the wounded area. Low shear stress leads to significantly lower BAEC migration velocities, whereas high shear stress results in cells along the upstream edge of the wound migrating significantly more rapidly than those downstream. The data also show that reducing BAEC membrane fluidity by enriching the cell membrane with exogenous cholesterol significantly slows down both cell spreading and migration under flow and hence retards wound closure. Blocking flow-sensitive K and Cl channels reduces cell spreading under flow but has no impact on cell migration. These findings provide evidence that membrane fluidity and flow-sensitive ion channels play distinct roles in regulating EC wound closure under flow.

scholarly journals Ion channels and transporters in tumour cell migration and invasion

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1638) ◽  
pp. 20130102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab ◽  
Christian Stock
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Tumour Cell ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Cell Migration And Invasion ◽  
Candidate Target ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements

Cell migration is a central component of the metastatic cascade requiring a concerted action of ion channels and transporters (migration-associated transportome), cytoskeletal elements and signalling cascades. Ion transport proteins and aquaporins contribute to tumour cell migration and invasion among other things by inducing local volume changes and/or by modulating Ca 2+ and H + signalling. Targeting cell migration therapeutically bears great clinical potential, because it is a prerequisite for metastasis. Ion transport proteins appear to be attractive candidate target proteins for this purpose because they are easily accessible as membrane proteins and often overexpressed or activated in cancer. Importantly, a number of clinically widely used drugs are available whose anticipated efficacy as anti-tumour drugs, however, has now only begun to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Airway epithelial wounds in rhesus monkey generate ionic currents that guide cell migration to promote healing

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Hui Sun ◽  
Brian Reid ◽  
Justin H. Fontaine ◽  
Lisa A. Miller ◽  
Dallas M. Hyde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Outward Current ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Electric Currents ◽  
Field Polarity

Damage to the respiratory epithelium is one of the most critical steps to many life-threatening diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The mechanisms underlying repair of the damaged epithelium have not yet been fully elucidated. Here we provide experimental evidence suggesting a novel mechanism for wound repair: endogenous electric currents. It is known that the airway epithelium maintains a voltage difference referred to as the transepithelial potential. Using a noninvasive vibrating probe, we demonstrate that wounds in the epithelium of trachea from rhesus monkeys generate significant outward electric currents. A small slit wound produced an outward current (1.59 μA/cm2), which could be enhanced (nearly doubled) by the ion transport stimulator aminophylline. In addition, inhibiting cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) with CFTR(Inh)-172 significantly reduced wound currents (0.17 μA/cm2), implicating an important role of ion transporters in wound induced electric potentials. Time-lapse video microscopy showed that applied electric fields (EFs) induced robust directional migration of primary tracheobronchial epithelial cells from rhesus monkeys, towards the cathode, with a threshold of <23 mV/mm. Reversal of the field polarity induced cell migration towards the new cathode. We further demonstrate that application of an EF promoted wound healing in a monolayer wound healing assay. Our results suggest that endogenous electric currents at sites of tracheal epithelial injury may direct cell migration, which could benefit restitution of damaged airway mucosa. Manipulation of ion transport may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to repair damaged respiratory epithelium.

scholarly journals Jamming in Embryogenesis and Cancer Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Blauth ◽  
Hans Kubitschke ◽  
Pablo Gottheil ◽  
Steffen Grosser ◽  
Josef A. Käs
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Jamming Transition

The ability of tissues and cells to move and rearrange is central to a broad range of diverse biological processes such as tissue remodeling and rearrangement in embryogenesis, cell migration in wound healing, or cancer progression. These processes are linked to a solid-like to fluid-like transition, also known as unjamming transition, a not rigorously defined framework that describes switching between a stable, resting state and an active, moving state. Various mechanisms, that is, proliferation and motility, are critical drivers for the (un)jamming transition on the cellular scale. However, beyond the scope of these fundamental mechanisms of cells, a unifying understanding remains to be established. During embryogenesis, the proliferation rate of cells is high, and the number density is continuously increasing, which indicates number-density-driven jamming. In contrast, cells have to unjam in tissues that are already densely packed during tumor progression, pointing toward a shape-driven unjamming transition. Here, we review recent investigations of jamming transitions during embryogenesis and cancer progression and pursue the question of how they might be interlinked. We discuss the role of density and shape during the jamming transition and the different biological factors driving it.

Abatacept treatment impairs the cell migration and wound healing of oral ulcers in rats: Role of interleukin (IL)-1β, -6 and -10 and CD8/CD30 cells

Life Sciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 117243
Author(s):  
Karine Cestaro Mesquita ◽  
Thinali Sousa Dantas ◽  
Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva ◽  
Maria Imaculada de Queiroz Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Oral Ulcers

Nitric oxide donors retard wound healing in cultured rabbit gastric epithelial cell monolayers

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (5) ◽  
pp. G1151-G1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Kiviluoto ◽  
Sumio Watanabe ◽  
Miyoko Hirose ◽  
Nobuhiro Sato ◽  
Harri Mustonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
No Donor

Effects of nitric oxide (NO) on gastric wound healing were investigated in primary rabbit gastric epithelial cell cultures. We analyzed the speed of cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis after creating a round wound on the cell cultures. The monolayers were incubated with or without the NO donor sodium nitroprusside, oxatriazolimine 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolium, 5amino-3-(3,4-dichlorophenylchloride), or the peroxynitrite generator 3-morpholinosydnomine- N-ethylcarbamide. The possible role of cGMP as a second messenger of NO was investigated with 8-bromo-cGMP. The role of O[Formula: see text]· was evaluated using diethyldithiocarbamate and pyrogallol. The effects of superoxide dismutase and allopurinol were also investigated. NO inhibited the speed of cell migration and proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The effects were augmented with O[Formula: see text]· generators and ameliorated by O[Formula: see text]· scavengers, whereas cGMP had no significant effect on wound healing. NO donors retard gastric wound healing by inhibiting migration and proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. These effects do not seem to be mediated via cGMP, but O[Formula: see text]· or peroxynitrites may be involved.

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