scholarly journals Canadian Association of Gastroenterology and the Canadian Digestive Health Foundation: Guidelines on Colon Cancer Screening

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Leddin ◽  
Richard Hunt ◽  
Malcolm Champion ◽  
Alan Cockeram ◽  
Nigel Flook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer Screening ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Digestive Health

Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer affecting both men and women in Canada. Many of these cancers are preventable, and the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) and the Canadian Digestive Health Foundation (CDHF) strongly support the establishment of screening programs for colorectal cancer. These guidelines discuss a number of screening options, listing the advantages and disadvantages of each. Ultimately, the test that is used for screening should be determined by patient preference, current evidence and local resources.

scholarly journals Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Colon

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagore Sunkara ◽  
Megan E Caughey ◽  
Priyanka Makkar ◽  
Febin John ◽  
Vinaya Gaduputi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽  
Colorectal Cancers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Colon ◽  
The Third

Overall, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women, meaning that it is one of the more widely recognized preventable cancers. Instances of colorectal malignancies though are overwhelmingly attributable to adenocarcinoma. Colorectal cancers with components of squamous cell carcinoma represent a statistical anomaly. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old male, who complained of abdominal pain and weight loss over a 3-month period of time. Biopsies from a colonoscopy ultimately revealed that this patient’s colon cancer consisted of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, representing a truly exceptional pathology finding in a patient diagnosed with a colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer

2007 ◽  
pp. 343-356
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
The Third ◽  
Management Issues

Introduction 344 Treatment approaches to colorectal cancer 346 Care of the patient with a stoma 350 Nursing management issues 354 • Colorectal cancer is the third commonest cancer in UK (fourth worldwide) with over 34,000 UK cases diagnosed annually. • It affects men and women almost equally....

scholarly journals Oral adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer: recent developments and future targets

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 659-669
Author(s):  
Aliasgar Shahiwala ◽  
Samar Salam Qawoogha ◽  
Murtaza M Tambuwala
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Third ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Noninvasive Therapy ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Colorectal cancer is considered the third most frequent malignant neoplasm occurring in both men and women worldwide. Most approaches that have been used to fight and treat this type of malignancy are either invasive or nonselective. Noninvasive therapy using oral route can increase patient compliance and reduce treatment costs. Innovative measures such as use of nanotechnology and theranostic systems have been initiated in the oral therapy, which has been proven to be greatly advantageous in decreasing side effects, improving detection and diagnoses. This manuscript investigates recent innovative and novel therapeutic approaches through oral route and potential targets in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Faecal haemoglobin distributions by sex, age, deprivation and geographical region: consequences for colorectal cancer screening strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2073-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin R.C. Clark ◽  
Judith A. Strachan ◽  
Alisson McPherson ◽  
Jayne Digby ◽  
Craig Mowat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Subsequent Investigation ◽  
Screening Population

AbstractObjectivesFaecal immunochemical tests for haemoglobin (FIT) are becoming widely used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and assessment of symptomatic patients. Faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) thresholds are used to guide subsequent investigation. We established the distributions of f-Hb in a large screening population by sex, age, deprivation and geography.MethodsSingle estimates of f-Hb were documented for all individuals participating in the first 18 months of the Scottish Bowel Screening Programme (SBoSP). The distributions of f-Hb were generated for all participants, all men and women, and men and women by age quintile and deprivation quintile. Distributions were also generated by geographical region for all participants, men and women, and by deprivation. Comparisons of f-Hb distributions with those found in a pilot evaluation of FIT and three other countries were performed.Resultsf-Hb was documented for 887,248 screening participants, 422,385 men and 464,863 women. f-Hb varied by sex, age, deprivation quintile and geographical region. The f-Hb distributions by sex and age differed between the SBoSP and the pilot evaluation and the three other countries.Conclusionsf-Hb is higher in men than in women and increases with age and deprivation in both sexes. f-Hb also varies by geographical region, independently of deprivation, and by country. The f-Hb distribution estimated by pilot evaluation may not represent the population distribution. Decision limits have advantages over reference intervals. Use of partitioned f-Hb thresholds for further investigation, based on the data generated, has advantages and disadvantages, as do risk scores based on a spectrum of influencing variables.

scholarly journals Awareness of Postpolypectomy Surveillance Guidelines: A Nationwide Survey of Colonoscopists in Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmke van Kooten ◽  
Vincent de Jonge ◽  
Eline Schreuders ◽  
Jerome Sint Nicolaas ◽  
Monique E van Leerdam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Tubular Adenoma ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Surveillance Interval ◽  
Increasing Demand

Several studies have demonstrated that screening asymptomatic, average-risk individuals and those at increased risk can reduce colorectal cancer mortality. Adherence to postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines becomes increasingly important amid the increasing demands for colonoscopy because suboptimal compliance can lead to unnecessary risks and the ineffective use of resources. However, performing too many surveillance colonoscopies, or at intervals that are too short, may hinder access to endoscopic procedures and decrease the cost effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening programs. Two reasons appear to be primarily responsible for nonadherence to postpolypectomy guidelines: lack of awareness or familiarity, and disagreement with the guidelines. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the awareness of postpolypectomy guidelines among members of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, and the factors associated with physicians’ choices to deviate from them.INTRODUCTION: Due to the increasing demand for colonoscopy, adherence to postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines is important. Suboptimal compliance can lead to unnecessary risks and ineffective use of resources.OBJECTIVE: To determine the awareness of and adherence to postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines among members of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG).METHODS: A survey describing 14 clinical cases was mailed to all physician members (n=411) of the CAG. Respondents were required to recommend a surveillance interval and a reason for his or her choice.RESULTS: A total of 150 colonoscopists (37%) completed the survey. Adherence to the guidelines varied from 23% to 96% per clinical scenario (median 63%). Recommended surveillance intervals were too short in 0% to 60% of the different cases (median 8%). The recommended interval was most often (60%) too short for a patient with one tubular adenoma with high-grade dysplasia. Surveillance intervals were too long in 4% to 75% of the cases (median 9%). The recommended interval was most often too long in a patient with a villous adenoma 15 mm in size and removed piecemeal (75%). Most often, recommendations were reported to be based on guidelines (median 74%; range 31% to 94%). However, in nine of 14 cases, more than 10% (median 18%; range 12% to 38%) of the respondents stated that their recommendation was based on guidelines, but did not provide the appropriate surveillance interval.CONCLUSIONS: Compliance to colonoscopy surveillance guidelines is suboptimal and reflects both overuse and underuse. The results show that awareness about the content of guidelines needs to be raised and strategies implemented to increase adherence.

Colon Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Nccn Guidelines ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Version

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and women in the United States, and in 2005, an estimated 104,950 new cases of colon cancer will occur. Despite these statistics, mortality from colon cancer has decreased over the past 30 years, possibly because of earlier diagnosis through screening and better treatment modalities. The NCCN guidelines summarize the management of colon cancer, from disease presentation through management of recurrent disease and patient surveillance. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org

scholarly journals A63 REFINING THE CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF GASTROENTEROLOGY GUIDELINE ON SCREENING IN PERSONS WITH A FAMILY HISTORY OF NONHEREDITARY COLORECTAL CANCER OR ADENOMA: A MODIFIED DELPHI PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
J Tinmouth ◽  
A Paramalingam ◽  
A Bellini ◽  
M Cotterchio ◽  
E Dekker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Delphi Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Canadian Association

Abstract Background In 2018, the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) published an extensive systematic review and guideline on screening in persons with a family history (FHx) of nonhereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma. While CAG’s recommendations were evidence-based, some recommendations lacked precision (e.g. ranges for some start ages & intervals) and screening cessation age was not addressed, leading to implementation challenges for practitioners and CRC screening programs. Aims To review and update the evidence since the 2018 guideline and to formulate implementable recommendations in the Ontario context that are aligned with the CAG guideline. Methods ColonCancerCheck (Ontario’s organized CRC screening program) conducted a modified version of the literature search used by CAG (Jan 2017 - Sept 2019). A 19-member expert panel with Canadian and international representatives from endoscopy, primary care, epidemiology, organized CRC screening programs, Ontario’s cancer system and the general public refined the recommendations of the CAG guideline for the purposes of implementation in an organized CRC screening program using a modified Delphi process. This iterative process involved a series of webinars and anonymous survey rounds where the panel reviewed evidence materials and provided online feedback to develop, refine & achieve consensus on screening recommendations in persons with a FHx of CRC/adenoma. Consensus was achieved if ≥75% of members agreed or strongly agreed with the statement. Results Six new systematic reviews and 2 new guidelines were identified. New evidence included data on the absolute risk (10 year & lifetime risk) of CRC by type of FHx, as well as the performance of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and barriers to CRC screening in persons with a FHx of CRC. The expert panel participated in 3 webinars and 4 online surveys to arrive at consensus. Panel recommendations and level of consensus will be reported for the 6 statements (Table). Conclusions Building from the CAG guideline, we derived evidence-based and implementable recommendations for screening persons with a FHx of CRC or adenoma. Funding Agencies Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario)

scholarly journals Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Protein and Colorectal Cancer Patient Survival Rates n Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1300-1306
Author(s):  
Vandra Bina Riyanda ◽  
Reno Rudiman ◽  
Nurhayat Usman
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Programmed Death Ligand 1 ◽  
The Third ◽  
Programmed Death

Background: According to the American Cancer Society, Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in men and women in the United States. In Indonesia, CRC ranks as the third most common malignancy in both men and women. Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) is a trans-membrane receptor ligand and negative regulatory signal for T cells that is elevated in several tumors including CRC and binds to programmed death 1 (PD-1) on T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and natural killer T cells. PD-L1 expression was found in tumor cells and tumor cells that infiltrate immune cells in several malignancies, including CRC. Methods: This study is a comparative analytic cross sectional study with consecutive sampling method. This study was conducted at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung from September to October 2021. Further statistical analysis was done SPSS version 25.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results: The total sample in this study was 50 subjects with colorectal cancer patients at RSHS. The number of CRC patients who expressed PD-L1 were 23 (46%) and 27 subjects (54%). The majority of cancer patient survival 2 Years was 38 subjects (76.0%) and survivors of more than 2 years was 12 subjects (24.0%). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between PD-L1 and survival rates in CRC patients.

Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Prognostic and Predictive Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 2779-2791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nappi ◽  
Guglielmo Nasti ◽  
Carmela Romano ◽  
Massimiliano Berretta ◽  
Alessandro Ottaiano
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Molecular Signatures ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Therapeutic Context ◽  
Prognostic And Predictive Factors

: Colorectal cancer represents the third most frequently occurring cancer worldwide. In the last decade, the survival of patients affected by metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has improved through the introduction of biological drugs. However, in this new and dynamic therapeutic context, research about prognostic and predictive factors is important to guide the oncologists to effective therapies as well as to improve the understanding of colorectal cancer biology. Their identification is an intensive area of research and our future goal will be to depict tumour-specific "molecular signatures" in order to predict the clinical course of the disease and the best treatments. : In this report, we describe clinical, pathological and molecular biomarkers that can play a role as prognostic or predictive factors in mCRC.

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