scholarly journals Role of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Kinase, and Adiponectin in the Ovary

PPAR Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joëlle Dupont ◽  
Christine Chabrolle ◽  
Christelle Ramé ◽  
Lucie Tosca ◽  
Stéphanie Coyral-Castel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fertility Problems ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽  
Biological Actions

The mechanisms controlling the interaction between energy balance and reproduction are the subject of intensive investigations. The integrated control of these systems is probably a multifaceted phenomenon involving an array of signals governing energy homeostasis, metabolism, and fertility. Two fuel sensors, PPARs, a superfamily of nuclear receptors and the kinase AMPK, integrate energy control and lipid and glucose homeostasis. Adiponectin, one of the adipocyte-derived factors mediate its actions through the AMPK or PPARs pathway. These three molecules are expressed in the ovary, raising questions about the biological actions of fuel sensors in fertility and the use of these molecules to treat fertility problems. This review will highlight the expression and putative role of PPARs, AMPK, and adiponectin in the ovary, particularly during folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and oocyte maturation.

The metabolic coregulator RIP140: an update

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. E335-E340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaà Fritah ◽  
Mark Christian ◽  
Malcolm G. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Transcriptional Coregulator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽  
Direct Regulation

RIP140 is a transcriptional coregulator highly expressed in metabolic tissues where it has important and diverse actions. RIP140-null mice show that it plays a crucial role in the control of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver and is essential for female fertility. RIP140 has been shown to act as a ligand-dependent transcriptional corepressor for metabolic nuclear receptors such as estrogen-related receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The role of RIP140 as a corepressor has been strengthened by the characterization of RIP140-overexpressing mice, although it emerges through several studies that RIP140 can also behave as a coactivator. Nuclear localization of RIP140 is important for controlling transcription of target genes and is subject to regulation by posttranslational modifications. However, cytoplasmic RIP140 has been shown to play a role in the control of metabolism through direct regulation of glucose transport in adipocytes. In this review, we focus on recent advances highlighting the growing importance of RIP140 as a regulator of energy homeostasis.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms and Genome-Wide Aspects of PPAR Subtype Specific Transactivation

PPAR Research ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Bugge ◽  
Susanne Mandrup
Keyword(s):  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Subtype Specificity ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are central regulators of fat metabolism, energy homeostasis, proliferation, and inflammation. The three PPAR subtypes, PPAR, /, and activate overlapping but also very different target gene programs. This review summarizes the insights into PPAR subtype-specific transactivation provided by genome-wide studies and discusses the recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PPAR subtype specificity with special focus on the regulatory role of AF-1.

The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor in Addiction: A Novel Drug Target

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Quiroga ◽  
Juan José Barberena ◽  
Jocelyne Alcaraz-Silva ◽  
Sérgio Machado ◽  
Claudio Imperatori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽  
Novel Drug

: The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are a superfamily of well-recognized ligand-binding nuclear receptors comprising three isoforms: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. In response to endogenous lipid messengers, PPARs trigger the transcription of genes related to a wider spectrum of physiological phenomena, including fatty acid oxidation, inflammation, and adipogenesis among many others. Thus, the importance of PPARs as putative protective therapy in health issues has increased the interest in studying these nuclear receptors, including the management of neurodegenerative disorders, multiple sclerosis, and likely addiction. In recent years, several pieces of evidence from animal models have demonstrated the promising role of PPARs as a critical element for interventions in addictive behaviors by reducing the reinforcing properties of addictive substances such as alcohol. However, there is a lack of data in scope and has so far been unexplored the function of PPARs in additional drugs such as cannabis, opioids, methamphetamine, or cocaine. Similar scenario has been found for the management of binge-type eating disorders. Thus, here we review recent advances in understanding the relevance of the PPAR controlling addiction.

scholarly journals The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Colorectal Cancer

PPAR Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo-In Park ◽  
Jong-Young Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Dietary fat intake is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. Some nuclear hormone receptors play an important role in regulating nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis. Among these receptors, special attention has been focused on the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in colorectal cancer, because PPARs are involved in regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. PPARs are ligand-activated intracellular transcription factors. The PPAR subfamily consists of three subtypes encoded by distinct genes named PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ. PPARγis the most extensively studied subtype of PPARs. Even though many investigators have studied the expression and clinical implications of PPARs in colorectal cancer, there are still many controversies about the role of PPARs in colorectal cancer. In this paper, the recent progresses in understanding the role of PPARs in colorectal cancer are summarized.

scholarly journals PPARs Integrate the Mammalian Clock and Energy Metabolism

PPAR Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Chen ◽  
Guangrui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mouse Tissues ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptors that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of numerous target genes. PPARs play an essential role in various physiological and pathological processes, especially in energy metabolism. It has long been known that metabolism and circadian clocks are tightly intertwined. However, the mechanism of how they influence each other is not fully understood. Recently, all three PPAR isoforms were found to be rhythmically expressed in given mouse tissues. Among them, PPARαand PPARγare direct regulators of core clock components, Bmal1 and Rev-erbα, and, conversely, PPARαis also a direct Bmal1 target gene. More importantly, recent studies using knockout mice revealed that all PPARs exert given functions in a circadian manner. These findings demonstrated a novel role of PPARs as regulators in correlating circadian rhythm and metabolism. In this review, we summarize advances in our understanding of PPARs in circadian regulation.

scholarly journals PPARs, Obesity, and Inflammation

PPAR Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinke Stienstra ◽  
Caroline Duval ◽  
Michael Müller ◽  
Sander Kersten
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

The worldwide prevalence of obesity and related metabolic disorders is rising rapidly, increasing the burden on our healthcare system. Obesity is often accompanied by excess fat storage in tissues other than adipose tissue, including liver and skeletal muscle, which may lead to local insulin resistance and may stimulate inflammation, as in steatohepatitis. In addition, obesity changes the morphology and composition of adipose tissue, leading to changes in protein production and secretion. Some of these secreted proteins, including several proinflammatory mediators, may be produced by macrophages resident in the adipose tissue. The changes in inflammatory status of adipose tissue and liver with obesity feed a growing recognition that obesity represents a state of chronic low-level inflammation. Various molecular mechanisms have been implicated in obesity-induced inflammation, some of which are modulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism, and overall energy homeostasis. Importantly, PPARs also modulate the inflammatory response, which makes them an interesting therapeutic target to mitigate obesity-induced inflammation and its consequences. This review will address the role of PPARs in obesity-induced inflammation specifically in adipose tissue, liver, and the vascular wall.

scholarly journals Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) in Energy Homeostasis of Dairy Animals: Exploiting Their Modulation through Nutrigenomic Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12463
Author(s):  
Faiz-ul Hassan ◽  
Asif Nadeem ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Maryam Javed ◽  
Qingyou Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Dietary Amino Acids ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the nuclear receptors that could mediate the nutrient-dependent transcriptional activation and regulate metabolic networks through energy homeostasis. However, these receptors cannot work properly under metabolic stress. PPARs and their subtypes can be modulated by nutrigenomic interventions, particularly under stress conditions to restore cellular homeostasis. Many nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, dietary amino acids and phytochemicals have shown their ability for potential activation or inhibition of PPARs. Thus, through different mechanisms, all these nutrients can modulate PPARs and are ultimately helpful to prevent various metabolic disorders, particularly in transition dairy cows. This review aims to provide insights into the crucial role of PPARs in energy metabolism and their potential modulation through nutrigenomic interventions to improve energy homeostasis in dairy animals.

scholarly journals PPARs as Nuclear Receptors for Nutrient and Energy Metabolism

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Hong ◽  
Shijia Pan ◽  
Yuan Guo ◽  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Yonggong Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
Ppar Agonists ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

It has been more than 36 years since peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) were first recognized as enhancers of peroxisome proliferation. Consequently, many studies in different fields have illustrated that PPARs are nuclear receptors that participate in nutrient and energy metabolism and regulate cellular and whole-body energy homeostasis during lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cell growth, cancer development, and so on. With increasing challenges to human health, PPARs have attracted much attention for their ability to ameliorate metabolic syndromes. In our previous studies, we found that the complex functions of PPARs may be used as future targets in obesity and atherosclerosis treatments. Here, we review three types of PPARs that play overlapping but distinct roles in nutrient and energy metabolism during different metabolic states and in different organs. Furthermore, research has emerged showing that PPARs also play many other roles in inflammation, central nervous system-related diseases, and cancer. Increasingly, drug development has been based on the use of several selective PPARs as modulators to diminish the adverse effects of the PPAR agonists previously used in clinical practice. In conclusion, the complex roles of PPARs in metabolic networks keep these factors in the forefront of research because it is hoped that they will have potential therapeutic effects in future applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document