scholarly journals Cryptococcus gattii: An Emerging Cause of Pulmonary Nodules

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J Dewar ◽  
James K Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Endemic Focus ◽  
Serotype B

BACKGROUND: Since the fall of 1999, a new endemic focus ofCryptococcus gattiiserotype B infection has emerged on Vancouver Island (Victoria, British Columbia), with infections occurring in both animals and humans. In the human cases, symptoms have manifested as pulmonary nodules, meningitis or both. This organism has added a new nonmalignant cause of pulmonary nodules to the literature, resulting in a change in the management of these nodules by health care professionals.METHODS: A search of the number of cases recorded and treated in hospitals of the Vancouver Island Health Authority, along with a review of the literature regarding this emerging organism, was undertaken. The pathology, epidemiology and clinical course of this previously uncommon fungus was determined, and representative cases were chosen for illustration.RESULTS: More than 130 cases were recorded in the six-year period from late 1999 to mid-July 2006. The number of cases increased steadily over this period, but appears to be levelling off. Representative cases with medical imaging, along with photos of the pathology, are included. Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up are outlined.CONCLUSIONS: The emergence of cryptococcal lung and central nervous system lesions on Vancouver Island have made it important to include travel to or residence of the island as part of the history in patients with pulmonary nodules. A registry of patients from Vancouver Island has been established, and it may be of value to include nonisland patients who are found to be infected with this organism.

Synchronous metaplastic breast carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma: a rare case and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e232421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lane ◽  
Felicia Yan ◽  
Daniel Higgins ◽  
Gauri Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Metaplastic Breast Cancer ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma

Synchronous primary cancers occur in 1.7% of breast cancer cases and metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) occurs in less than 1% of breast cancer cases. We present a previously healthy 66-year-old woman diagnosed with MBC after surgical resection of a presumed cyst. A second primary cancer, multifocal lung adenocarcinoma, was discovered during the staging process for her MBC. Remarkably she had not experienced pulmonary or constitutional symptoms at the time of diagnosis. She received chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin, followed by immunotherapy with nivolumab. At 24 months of follow-up after her initial diagnosis, she was breast cancer-free with stable pulmonary nodules. This case highlights that rather than assuming multifocal lesions represent metastasis, biopsies should be considered as clinical management could be significantly altered in the presence of a synchronous cancer. Furthermore, platinum-based chemotherapy agents have potential to be considered in the treatment of MBC.

scholarly journals Subgaleal hematoma evacuation in a pediatric patient: A case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Tye Patchana ◽  
Hammad Ghanchi ◽  
Taha Taka ◽  
Mark Calayag
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hair Pulling ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Subgaleal Hematoma ◽  
History Of

Background: Subgaleal hematoma (SGH) is generally documented within the neonatal period and is rarely reported as a result of trauma or hair braiding in children. While rare, complications of SGH can result in ophthalmoplegia, proptosis, visual deficit, and corneal ulceration secondary to hematoma extension into the orbit. Although conservative treatment is preferential, expanding SGH should be aspirated to reduce complications associated with further expansion. Case Description: A 12-year-old African-American female with no recent history of trauma presented with a chief complaint of headache along with a 2-day history of enlarging 2–3 cm ballotable bilateral frontal mass. Hematological workup was negative. The patient’s family confirmed a long history of hair braiding. The patient was initially prescribed a period of observation but returned 1-week later with enlarging SGH, necessitating surgical aspiration. Conclusion: SGH is rare past the neonatal period, but can be found in pediatric and adolescent patients secondary to trauma or hair pulling. Standard workup includes evaluation of the patient’s hematological profile for bleeding or coagulation deficits, as well as evaluation for child abuse. Although most cases of SGH resolve spontaneously over the course of several weeks, close follow-up is recommended. The authors present a case of a 12-year-old female presenting with enlarging subgaleal hemorrhages who underwent surgical aspiration and drainage without recurrence. A literature review was also conducted with 32 pediatric cases identified, 20 of which were related to hair pulling, combing, or braiding. We review the clinical course, imaging characteristics, surgical management, as well as a review of the literature involving subgaleal hemorrhage in pediatric patients and hair pulling.

scholarly journals Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome with Long-Term Follow-Up: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hideaki Nakajima ◽  
Hiroshi Nouso ◽  
Naoto Urushihara ◽  
Koji Fukumoto ◽  
Masaya Yamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Body Organ

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare disease in which venous malformations (VMs) involve any body organ, most commonly the skin and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Treatment of BRBNS aims at preserving the GI tract as much as possible. Although there are several dozen case reports about BRBNS that describe short-term clinical courses, a few provide an account of long-term clinical course. Here, we report a case of BRBNS in a girl that required multiple abdominal surgeries due to the GI VMs and a recurrence at an interval of 14 years. The preferred approach for gastrointestinal VMs involves the complete resection of all lesions without residual VMs. It is important to bear in mind the possibility of delayed recurrence of GI VMs after surgical or endoscopic treatment.

Favorable Conservative Management of a Rare Primary Aortitis Secondary to Listeria Monocytogenes: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110040
Author(s):  
Luis H. Arzola ◽  
Javier E. Anaya-Ayala ◽  
Gabriel Lopez-Pena ◽  
Lizeth Luna ◽  
Christopher Ruben-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Diabetic Woman ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Thoracic Computed Tomography

Primary aortitis (PA) secondary to Listeria monocytogenes is extremely rare with only a few cases reported in the literature. Presently, there is no consensus concerning the best treatment when no complications are found in the thoracic computed tomography (CT) imaging. This report illustrates the clinical presentation and favorable clinical course of a rare case of PA secondary to Listeria monocytogenes in an 82-year-old diabetic woman, successfully treated with conservative management with 18 months of follow up. Included in this article, we additionally present a review of the literature of this uncommon etiology of infectious aortitis.

scholarly journals Clinical Course, Imaging Characteristics, and Therapeutic Response in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Joe James ◽  
James Jose ◽  
V. Abdul Gafoor ◽  
B. Smita ◽  
Neetha Balaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Abstract Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease is a novel central nervous system autoimmune disorder which forms part of aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) negative, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder. It has a distinct clinical profile, neuroimaging features and courses from AQP-4 positive NMO and multiple sclerosis. This article is a case series of six patients with MOG antibody disease with longitudinal follow-up for up to 8 months.

scholarly journals Solitary fibrous tumor with atypical features of the paravesical space: benign clinical course at the 10-years follow-up. Report of a case and review of the literature

Pathologica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-209
Author(s):  
Gaetano Magro ◽  
Lucia Salvatorelli ◽  
Eliana Piombino ◽  
Giada Maria Vecchio ◽  
Giuseppe Broggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Atypical Features ◽  
Fibrous Tumor

scholarly journals Multiple Myeloma of the Central Nervous System: 13 Cases and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Varga ◽  
Gábor Mikala ◽  
László Gopcsa ◽  
Zoltán Csukly ◽  
Sarolta Kollai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Clonal Evolution ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Central nervous system involvement is a rare complication of multiple myeloma with extremely poor prognosis as it usually fails to respond to therapy. We present 13 cases diagnosed at two centers in Budapest and review the current literature. The majority of our cases presented with high-risk features initially; two had plasma cell leukemia. Repeated genetic tests showed clonal evolution in 3 cases. Treatments varied according to the era, and efficacy was poor as generally reported in the literature. Only one patient is currently alive, with 3-month follow-up, and the patient responded to daratumumab-based treatment. Recent case reports show promising effectivity of pomalidomide and marizomib.

Primary Cutaneous CD4+ Small/Medium Pleomorphic T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder: A Case Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Maurelli ◽  
Chiara Colato ◽  
Paolo Gisondi ◽  
Giampiero Girolomoni
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Face

Background: Primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (CD4+ PCSM-LPD) is defined by a predominance of small- to medium-sized CD4+ pleomorphic T cells and a favorable clinical course. Objective: We performed a retrospective analysis of 6 patients with CD4+ PCSM-LPD and reviewed the literature to address questions about its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Methods: Patients were 3 men and 3 women with a median age of 50 years. All patients presented with a single erythematous nodule, localised on the head in 4 patients and the upper trunk in 2 cases. No patients showed extracutaneous disease at any evaluation. Histopathologic features were characterised by nodular, diffuse, or, in 1 case, a superficial dense infiltrate of small/medium-sized pleomorphic CD4+/PD1+ T lymphocytes. T-cell receptor clonality was demonstrated in 5 cases. Treatment was surgical excision in 5 cases and radiotherapy in 1 case. Results: All patients achieved complete resolution without relapses, during a median follow-up of 3 years. A review of the literature confirmed that CD4+ PCSM-LPD presents predominantly with a solitary nodular lesion on the face, neck, or upper trunk in adult patients. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment. Spontaneous resolution after biopsy may occur. Conclusions: CD4+ PCSM-LPD is a rare disorder with a favorable course.

scholarly journals Solitary fibrous tumor of the mesentery: a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 030006052095011
Author(s):  
Jing-Ni Liu ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
Peng-Yu Ji ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Shun-Lin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumors ◽  
Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Left Abdomen ◽  
Irregular Mass

Solitary fibrous tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors that typically arise from the pleura and rarely originate from the mesentery. We herein report a case involving a 66-year-old patient who presented with a mass on the left abdomen. This mass had been incidentally noticed 10 years earlier. The patient sometimes experienced abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed an irregular mass, which was resected. A biopsy of the mass revealed that it was a solitary fibrous tumor originating from the mesentery of the small intestine. The patient was discharged 1 week after surgery and had an uneventful clinical course throughout the 4-month postoperative follow-up.

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