scholarly journals The Marine Safety Simulation based Electronic Chart Display and Information System

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xin Yu Zhang ◽  
Yong Yin ◽  
Jin YiCheng ◽  
XiaoFeng Sun ◽  
Ren HongXiang
Keyword(s):  
Route Planning ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Standard Format ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
Coordinate Conversion ◽  
Marine Safety ◽  
Route Monitoring ◽  
Navigation Safety

Navigation safety has a huge impact on the world economy and our everyday lives. One navigation safety simulation model in ECDIS based on international standard format (S-57) is put forward, which is mainly involved in route plan and route monitoring. The universal kriging interpolation is used in the route planning and to compute the water depth of any place in the sea bottom. The man-machine conversation method is taken to amend planned route to obtain autodeciding of feasibility according to ECDIS information, and the route monitoring algorithm is improved by enhancing its precision caused by screen coordinate conversion. The DCQA (distance close quarters situation of approach) model and TCQA (time close quarters situation of approach) model are adopted to judge if the close quarters situation or the risk of collision between own ship and target ship is emerging. All these methods are proven to be reliable through the navigation simulator made by Dalian Maritime University which is certified by DNV to class A.

scholarly journals A Study on Cyber Security Threats in a Shipboard Integrated Navigational System

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svilicic ◽  
Rudan ◽  
Jugović ◽  
Zec
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Security Testing ◽  
Vulnerability Scanner ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
Planning Status ◽  
Navigational System ◽  
Route Monitoring

The integrated navigational system (INS) enhances the effectiveness and safety of ship navigation by providing multifunctional display on the basis of integration of at least two navigational functions, the voyage route monitoring with Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) and collision avoidance with radar. The INS is essentially a software platform for fusion of data from the major ECDIS and radar systems with sensors for the additional navigation functions of route planning, status and data display, and alert management. This paper presents a study on cyber security resilience examination of a shipboard INS installed on a RoPax ship engaged in international trade. The study was based on a mixed-method approach, combining an interview of the ship's navigational ranks and cyber security testing of the INS using an industry vulnerability scanner. The identified threats were analyzed qualitatively to study the source of cyber risks threatening the INS. The results obtained point out cyber threats related to weaknesses of the INS underlying operating system, suggesting a need for occasional preventive maintenance in addition to the regulatory compliance required.

scholarly journals The Navigator’s Aspect of PNC before and after ECDIS Implementation: Facts and Potential Implications towards Navigation Safety Improvement

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Maro Car ◽  
David Brčić ◽  
Srđan Žuškin ◽  
Boris Svilicic
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Period ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Implementation Period ◽  
Completion Date ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
Maritime Navigation ◽  
Navigation Safety

The global maritime digitalization reflects on navigation and paperless vessels with Paper Navigational Charts (PNC) nowadays superseded by Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). Considering the system implementation and its acceptance as a sole navigational means, opinions of navigators differ. Although the ECDIS mandatory implementation ended in 2018, some navigators have been still favouring PNCs, pointing out their advantages over ECDIS navigation. These standpoints may have an impact on the safety of navigation in terms of acceptance, interpretation, and understanding of the system as well as on conflict of standpoints of decisive navigational ranks, the latter reason being found as one of the real problems. The presented study has focused on a specific period, soon after the transitional period completion, aiming to determine the views of traditional navigation advocates, their arguments in the present maritime navigation paperless era and to identify potential problems emerging from the conflict of two navigational means. The research has induced two independent, internationally distributed questionnaires, dedicated to navigational ranks. The first survey has referred to the period from 2012 to 2018, marking the transition to ECDIS navigation. The second survey was conducted after the implementation period completion date. The answers were analysed and discussed from the navigational ranks’ perspective, considering their competitiveness and the level of ECDIS education. The research results have indicated and confirmed that PNCs could not entirely be ruled out, at least at this stage. Besides definitive questionnaire answers, the findings have been supported with categorised comments as interpreted from the first survey questionnaire results. The paper aims to present the future of the PNCs, including possibilities of fusion with modern means. The proposed suggestions have been directed towards the benefits of maritime navigation safety, referring especially to disagreement between navigational ranks in terms of particular means acceptance.

scholarly journals An Improved Differential Evolution Algorithm for Maritime Collision Avoidance Route Planning

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-xin Zhao ◽  
Wang Li ◽  
Shaojun Feng ◽  
Washington Y. Ochieng ◽  
Wolfgang Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Collision Prevention ◽  
Ship Route ◽  
Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Improved Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Marine Safety

High accuracy navigation and surveillance systems are pivotal to ensure efficient ship route planning and marine safety. Based on existing ship navigation and maritime collision prevention rules, an improved approach for collision avoidance route planning using a differential evolution algorithm was developed. Simulation results show that the algorithm is capable of significantly enhancing the optimized route over current methods. It has the potential to be used as a tool to generate optimal vessel routing in the presence of conflicts.

scholarly journals An Ant Colony Algorithm for efficient ship routing

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Cheng Tsou ◽  
Hung-Chih Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Ant Colony Algorithm ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Ship Routing ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
Ship Route ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
Ship Navigation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Green Ship

Abstract With the substantial rising of international oil price and global warming on the rise, how to reduce operational fuel consumption and decrease air pollution has become one of the pursued goals of green ship. Ship route planning is an indispensible part of the ship navigation process, especially in transoceanic crossing ship routing. The soundness of ship routing not only affects the safety of ship navigation but also the operation economy and environmental protection. This research is based on the platform of Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), and founded on Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA) combined with the concept of Genetic Algorithm (GA), to model living organisms optimization behaviour to perform efficient ship route planning in transoceanic crossing. Besides the realization of route planning automation, ship routing will achieve the goal of optimum carbon dioxide reduction and energy conservation, and provide reference for route planning decision.

scholarly journals Partial Analysis of ECDIS EHO Research: Port State Control

Naše more ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Miho Kristić ◽  
◽  
Srđan Žuškin ◽  
David Brčić ◽  
Maro Car
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
State Control ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Partial Analysis ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
New System ◽  
Port State Control ◽  
Navigation Safety ◽  
Research Studies

The implementation of Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) on board merchant ships involves several parties responsible for its proper use. These include inspection and maritime training institutes. Since ECDIS system is a new system and differs significantly with respect to different manufacturers, the question is how successfully inspections monitor the use of the ECDIS system. The results of concentrated campaigns by the regional port State control, previous research studies and reports produced by the International Hydrographic Organization were all analysed in this paper. The last part of the paper analyses the part of the international questionnaire that answers the question of how often respondents come across the ECDIS inspection, and what is the nature of that control. The results point to the lack of frequent control and oversight of some essential elements of the system by inspections. The results of the conducted questionnaire were compared with those of the concentrated inspection campaigns and with the results of previous research. A degree of coincidence between the obtained results reveals the need to further refine the ECDIS training process. The last chapter proposes activities aimed at improving the training of parties involved in the process for the purpose of improving navigation safety.

Study on Optimal Algorithm for Shipping Route Automatic-Generation Based on Electronic Chart

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 2133-2139
Author(s):  
Jian Bo Xu ◽  
Zhi Kun Wang ◽  
Li Sheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Shortest Path ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Rubber Band ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
Sea Area

For the traditional automatic-generation algorithm of electronic chart plan shipping route, it is difficult to achieve the shortest route and the least turning points at the same time. In this article, the optimal and planned shipping route automatic-generation method algorithm based on the rubber band algorithm was put forward. In this algorithm, the elasticity principle of rubber band was adopted to improve the original and basic path and the shortest path and the least turning points can be achieved at the same time. The experimental results showed that the algorithm can quickly and automatically generate an optimal and safe route with good stability and high searching efficiency and so it can be applied to shipping route planning in complicated and large sea area.

A Tanker Navigation Safety System

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Judson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Safety System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Knowledge Database ◽  
Risk Management System ◽  
Navigation Safety

This paper summarizes the results of Phase 3 of the Arctic Tanker Risk Analysis Project (ATRA) which provided a prototype Tanker Navigation Safety System (TNSS). TNSS is a ship-board risk management system capable of route planning and decision support based upon a knowledge database. The objective of the project was to provide timely risk assessment information to a mariner or decision-maker in a system capable of integration with existing ECDIS or shipboard PC systems. The historical information was to include: accident location, frequency and type, ice, wind, visibility, environmental sensitivity and other factors. The specifications of the TNSS prototype were expanded so that risk could be assessed for each track in a route plan by applying a predictive accident model patterned after the navigation and collision avoidance process.

scholarly journals From electronic navigational chart data to sea-bottom models: Kriging approaches for the Bay of Pozzuoli

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Emanuele Alcaras ◽  
Claudio Parente ◽  
Andrea Vallario
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Universal Kriging ◽  
Stable Model ◽  
Mathematical Functions ◽  
Interpolation Methods ◽  
Navigation Data ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Variogram Models ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Electronic Chart

<p class="Abstract">Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs), official databases created by a national hydrographic office and included in Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), supply, among essential indications for safe navigation, data about sea-bottom morphology in terms of depth points and isolines. Those data are very useful to build bathymetric 3D models: applying interpolation methods, it is possible to produce a continuous representation of the seafloor for supporting studies concerning different aspects of a marine area, such as directions and intensity of currents, sensitivity of habitats and species, etc. Many interpolation methods are available in literature for bathymetric data modelling: among them kriging ones are extremely performing, but require deep analysis to define input parameters, i.e. semi-variogram models. This paper aims to analyze kriging approaches for depth data concerning the Bay of Pozzuoli. The attention is focused on the role of semi-variogram models for Ordinary and Universal kriging. Depth data included in two ENCs, namely IT400129 and IT400130, are processed using Geostatistical Analyst, an extension of ArcGIS 10.3.1 (ESRI). The results testify the relevance of the choice of the mathematical functions of the semi-variogram: Stable Model supplies, for this case study, the best performance in terms of depth accuracy for both Ordinary and Universal kriging.</p>

scholarly journals STANDARDISATION OF PLOTTING COURSES AND SELECTING TURN POINTS IN MARITIME NAVIGATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-322
Author(s):  
Zvonimir Lušić ◽  
Serđo Kos ◽  
Stipe Galić
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Database Search ◽  
Data Recording ◽  
Automatic Selection ◽  
Electronic Chart ◽  
Maritime Navigation ◽  
Selection Of

Today's methods of plotting courses and selecting sailing routes and turn points in maritime navigation are still largely based on subjective assessment of the master or the officer in charge. This results in a great variety of course distribution and, accordingly, in various ship movements. Modern electronic aids, in particular ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System) can significantly facilitate maritime voyage planning, course plotting, selection of turning points, etc. In addition to displaying electronic charts, the specific feature of these systems is that they facilitate route planning, supervision of ship movements, data recording, database search, alarm setting, etc. However, these systems do not yet provide automatic selection of courses on user's request in a standardised form. Therefore, in most cases, the routes and turn points are selected empirically or because they have been previously defined and used. This paper shows the drawbacks of the existing methods of selecting routes and plotting courses in maritime navigation and gives recommendations how to improve them.

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