scholarly journals Flaxseed Lignan Complex Administration in Older Human Type 2 Diabetics Manages Central Obesity and Prothrombosis—An Invitation to Further Investigation into Polypharmacy Reduction

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Barre ◽  
K. A. Mizier-Barre ◽  
E. Stelmach ◽  
J. Hobson ◽  
O. Griscti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
The Other ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Prothrombotic State ◽  
Human Type

Aim. Animal and human study evidence supports the hypothesis that flaxseed lignan complex (FLC) at a dose of 600 mg secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG)/day for three months would combat hyperglycaemia, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, central obesity, prothrombotic state, inflammation, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation.Methods. Sixteen type 2 diabetic patients completed this double-blind, randomised crossover placebo-controlled study. A univariate repeated measures analysis of covariance (significanceP<0.05) was followed by a mixed linear model effects analysis corrected for multiple comparisons (MCC).Results. Prior to MCC, FLC caused decreased fasting plasma glucose, A1c, inflammation (c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)), and increased bleeding time. After correction for multiple comparisons, FLC induced a statistically significant increase in bleeding time and smaller waist circumference gain. No treatment effect occurred in the other variables before or after adjustment.Conclusions. It is concluded that FLC significantly increased bleeding time thus reducing the prothrombotic state, reduced central obesity gain as measured by waist circumference, and did not affect significantly the other dependent variables measured after adjustment for multiple comparisons. These findings, not yet published in human type 2 diabetes, suggest that this FLC dose over at least three months, may, subject to further investigation, reduce polypharmacy.

Developing waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio percentile curves for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years using Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Saima Altaf ◽  
Sajid Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractObjectivesChildren from different countries and with different ethnic backgrounds have a distinct pattern of central fat deposition. Therefore, it is essential to develop population-specific percentiles of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-height ratio exponent (WHtR (exp)) for the evaluation of central obesity. The objective of this study was to develop age-and-gender-specific smoothed WC and WHtR percentile curves for the Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years.MethodsA cross-sectional data-set from a multi-ethnic anthropometric survey was considered. A sample of 10,668 healthy subjects (boys = 51.92%; and girls = 48.08%), aged 2–18 years was studied. Height (cm) and WC (cm) of each subject was measured under standard procedure and WHtR & WHtR (exp) were calculated. Age-and-gender-specific smoothed curves were obtained using the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method and compared with percentile curves obtained from different countries.ResultsExcept few early ages, the WC values increased with age in both sexes. Both boys and girls had approximately similar WC during 6–11 years of age and after age of 11, the boys had larger WC than the girls had. For WHtR, the centile curves showed a continuous decrease by 16 years of age and then increased gradually. WHtR of the girls in various ages were having similar or higher than those of the boys. In comparison of WC 50th and 90th percentiles with other countries, it was found that except few ages, the Pakistani children had larger WC than the other reference populations and the results of WHtR were also comparable to the other nations.ConclusionsWe present new reference data of WC, WHtR and WHtR (exp) using a representative sample of the Pakistani children aged 2–18 years. These reference values can be used provisionally for early detection of central obesity and its associated risks in the Pakistani children.

scholarly journals Low-Glycemic-Index Sugar in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Steciuk ◽  
Samia Mahmood Hafez Amir ◽  
Muzzammil Hosenally ◽  
Aroushini Goorapah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Abstract Background and Objectives: There is a need to re assess the value of low-GI food and its specific components. The effect of one of them, namely low-glycemic-index sugar, is unclear, as its impact is usually confounded when reported in the literature. This study attempts to breach this gap, shedding light on its effect in type 2 diabetic patients and evaluate if it could be considered as part of a dietary plan.Subjects and Methods: The blood sugar level of twenty (20) type 2 diabetics was monitored using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring system during two phases; firstly, an initial period of 5 days, whereby all the included patients were taking their usual dietary meals. Subjects were then randomized into two groups of equal size before embarking on a second phase; 10 subjects were instructed to eat prepared, portioned and delivered meals, the difference for the second group being that low-GI sugar was used for the preparation. Results: Compared to baseline (day 1), blood sugar dropped by 18% for the group with low-GI sugar and 13% for those who consumed sugar with a normal-GI. The variation in sugar levels was also more contained in the interventional group. A by-product of the study design shows that constant glucose monitoring could raise awareness, and may foster reduction in blood sugar levels. Portioned food was capable of reducing blood sugar levels, with elevated levels of compliance just after start. Conclusions: Even though the ultimate aim is to reduce sugar consumption by diabetic patients, the intake of a low-GI sugar seems to be less harmful than normal sugar. Compared to using normal sugar for the preparation of portioned foods, the use of a low-GI sugar is encouraged as part of a wider plan for the management of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Agyemang-Yeboah ◽  
Benjamin Ackon Jnr. Eghan ◽  
Max Efui Annani-Akollor ◽  
Eliezer Togbe ◽  
Sampson Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a collection of cardiovascular risk factors comprising insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension, which may cause further complications in diabetes. Although metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing in incidence in diabetics and leading to significant cardiovascular diseases and mortality, there is dearth of data in Ghana. This study investigated metabolic syndrome, its prevalence, and its associated risk factors in type 2 diabetes at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. Methods. The study involved 405 diabetic patients attending the Diabetic Clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) Kumasi, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic background such as their age and gender. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using the Body Composition Monitor (Omron ® 500, Germany) which generated digital results on a screen and also by manual methods. Fasting venous blood was collected for the measurement of biochemical parameters comprising fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglyceride (TG). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). Results. Out of the total of 405 participants, 81 were males and 324 were females, and the estimated mean age was 58.5 ± 9.9 years. The female patients exhibited higher mean waist circumference (WC) and mean hip circumference (HC) as well as an approximately higher body mass index than males (28.3 ± 5.1, 26.5 ± 4.2 for the female and male respectively). Overall, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed among the study population was 90.6%. Conclusions. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed among the study population was 90.6%, with a higher percentage in females than males. High triglyceride levels and high waist circumference were the main risk factors for MS in the diabetic population.

Acarbose improves glycemic control in insulin-treated Asian type 2 diabetic patients: Results from a multinational, placebo-controlled study

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chii-Min Hwu ◽  
Low-Tone Ho ◽  
Martin M.T. Fuh ◽  
Shing Chung Siu ◽  
Dwi Sutanegara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals The iHealth-T2D study, prevention of type 2 diabetes amongst South Asians with central obesity and prediabetes: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradhani Kasturiratne ◽  
Khadija I. Khawaja ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Samreen Siddiqui ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Link Type

Abstract Background People from South Asia are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is an urgent need to develop approaches for the prevention of T2D in South Asians that are cost-effective, generalisable and scalable across settings. Hypothesis Compared to usual care, the risk of T2D can be reduced amongst South Asians with central obesity or raised HbA1c, through a 12-month lifestyle modification programme delivered by community health workers. Design Cluster randomised clinical trial (1:1 allocation to intervention or usual care), carried out in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the UK, with 30 sites per country (120 sites total). Target recruitment 3600 (30 participants per site) with annual follow-up for 3 years. Entry criteria South Asian, men or women, age 40–70 years with (i) central obesity (waist circumference ≥ 100 cm in India and Pakistan; ≥90 cm in Sri Lanka) and/or (ii) prediabetes (HbA1c 6.0–6.4% inclusive). Exclusion criteria: known type 1 or 2 diabetes, normal or underweight (body mass index < 22 kg/m2); pregnant or planning pregnancy; unstable residence or planning to leave the area; and serious illness. Endpoints The primary endpoint is new-onset T2D at 3 years, defined as (i) HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or (ii) physician diagnosis and on treatment for T2D. Secondary endpoints at 1 and 3 years are the following: (i) physical measures: waist circumference, weight and blood pressure; (ii) lifestyle measures: smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity and dietary intake; (iii) biochemical measures: fasting glucose, insulin and lipids (total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides); and (iv) treatment compliance. Intervention Lifestyle intervention (60 sites) or usual care (60 sites). Lifestyle intervention was delivered by a trained community health worker over 12 months (5 one-one sessions, 4 group sessions, 13 telephone sessions) with the goal of the participants achieving a 7% reduction in body mass index and a 10-cm reduction in waist circumference through (i) improved diet and (ii) increased physical activity. Usual care comprised a single 30-min session of lifestyle modification advice from the community health worker. Results We screened 33,212 people for inclusion into the study. We identified 10,930 people who met study entry criteria, amongst whom 3682 agreed to take part in the intervention. Study participants are 49.2% female and aged 52.8 (SD 8.2) years. Clinical characteristics are well balanced between intervention and usual care sites. More than 90% of follow-up visits are scheduled to be complete in December 2020. Based on the follow-up to end 2019, the observed incidence of T2D in the study population is in line with expectations (6.1% per annum). Conclusion The iHealth-T2D study will advance understanding of strategies for the prevention of diabetes amongst South Asians, use approaches for screening and intervention that are adapted for low-resource settings. Our study will thus inform the implementation of strategies for improving the health and well-being of this major global ethnic group. IRB approval 16/WM/0171 Trial registration EudraCT 2016-001350-18. Registered on 14 April 2016. ClinicalTrials.govNCT02949739. Registered on 31 October 2016, First posted on 31/10/2016.

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