scholarly journals Chemistry and Biology of Essential Oils of GenusBoswellia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Ahmed Al-Harrasi ◽  
Ahmed Al-Rawahi ◽  
Javid Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Explicit Consideration

The properties ofBoswelliaplants have been exploited for millennia in the traditional medicines of Africa, China, and especially in the Indian Ayurveda. In Western countries, the advent of synthetic drugs has obscured the pharmaceutical use ofBoswellia, until it was reported that an ethanolic extract exerts anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic effects. Frankincense was commonly used for medicinal purposes. This paper aims to provide an overview of current knowledge of the volatile constituents of frankincense, with explicit consideration concerning the diverseBoswelliaspecies. Altogether, more than 340 volatiles inBoswelliahave been reported in the literature. In particular, a broad diversity has been found in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatiles with respect to different varieties ofBoswellia. A detailed discussion of the various biological activities ofBoswelliafrankincense is also presented.

scholarly journals Characterization of Some Italian Ornamental Thyme by Their Aroma

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Bertoli ◽  
Szilvia Sárosi ◽  
Jenő Bernáth ◽  
Luisa Pistelli
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Static Headspace ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Alternative Sources

The aromatic profiles of five commercial thyme cultivars (T. vulgaris ‘Silver Poise’, T. vulgaris ‘Erectus’, T. vulgaris ‘Faustini’, T. × citriodorus ‘Anderson's Gold’, and T. × citriodorus ‘Silver Queen’), cultivated in Italy, were defined both by their static headspaces (HS) and essential oils (EOs). In addition, a botanical garden sample of T. vulgaris was considered as reference material to evaluate the morphological and phytochemical differences from the selected market samples. Extractions of the volatile constituents of the different plant material were carried out by SPME (static headspace, HS) and hydrodistillation (HD) processes. GC-MS analysis provided the separation and identification of approximately 70 components in the HS samples and 50 in the hydrodistilled essential oils, accounting for more than 95% of the total. The typical main constituents of T. vulgaris were detected in all the EO samples, although qualitative and quantitative differences were found among the selected ornamental Thymus varieties. Thymol (50-55%) was the marker constituent for the three T. vulgaris cultivars, while geraniol (61-67%) characterized the essential oils of the two T. × citriodorus varieties. In all the analyzed essential oils, non-oxygenated (16-79%) and oxygenated (5-26%) monoterpenes were the typical volatile constituents. Specific target compounds (thymol, geraniol and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one) were selected to characterize the five thyme cultivars that are considered at present only as ornamental plants. A comparative evaluation of their EO quality was carried out in order to propose them as alternative sources of Italian raw plant material for industrial production.

scholarly journals The Essential Oils of Rhaponticum carthamoides Hairy Roots and Roots of Soil-Grown Plants: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skała ◽  
Patrícia Rijo ◽  
Catarina Garcia ◽  
Przemysław Sitarek ◽  
Danuta Kalemba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lps Treatment

The essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation from the hairy roots (HR) and roots of soil-grown plants (SGR) of Rhaponticum carthamoides and were analyzed by GC-MS method. In the both essential oils 62 compounds were identified. The root essential oils showed the differences in the qualitative and quantitative composition. The sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (55–62%) dominated in both essential oils. The major compounds of HR essential oil were cyperene, 13-norcypera-1(5),11(12)-diene, and cadalene while aplotaxene, nardosina-1(10),11-diene, and dauca-4(11),8-diene dominated in SGR essential oil. Both essential oils showed antibacterial activity especially against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) (MIC value = 125 µg/mL). HR and SGR essential oils also decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the ROS level in LPS-treatment astrocytes. This is the first report to describe the chemical composition of R. carthamoides essential oil from hairy roots, its protective effect against LPS-induced inflammation and ROS production in astrocytes, and its antimicrobial potential. The results show that R. carthamoides hairy roots may be a valuable source of the essential oil and may be an alternative to the roots of soil-grown plants.

scholarly journals Essential Oils as Potential Alternative Biocontrol Products against Plant Pathogens and Weeds: A Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Raveau ◽  
Joël Fontaine ◽  
Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wide Range

Naturally produced by aromatic plants, essential oils (EO) contain a wide range of volatile molecules, including mostly secondary metabolites, which possess several biological activities. Essential oils properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities are known for a long time and hence widely used in traditional medicines, cosmetics and food industries. However, despite their effects against many phytopathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria as well as weeds, their use in agriculture remains surprisingly scarce. The purpose of the present review is to gather and discuss up-to-date biological activities of EO against weeds, plant pathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria, reported in the scientific literature. Innovative methods, potentially valuable to improve the efficiency and reliability of EO, have been investigated. In particular, their use towards a more sustainable agriculture has been discussed, aiming at encouraging the use of alternative products to substitute synthetic pesticides to control weeds and plant diseases, without significantly affecting crop yields. An overview of the market and the recent advances on the regulation of these products as well as future challenges to promote their development and wider use in disease management programs is described. Because of several recent reviews on EO insecticidal properties, this topic is not covered in the present review.

scholarly journals GenusTinospora: Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sensen Chi ◽  
Gaimei She ◽  
Dan Han ◽  
Weihua Wang ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Digestive Disorder ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
History Of

The genusTinosporaincludes 34 species, in which several herbs were used as traditional medicines by indigenous groups throughout the tropical and subtropical parts of Asia, Africa, and Australia. The extensive literature survey revealedTinosporaspecies to be a group of important medicinal plants used for the ethnomedical treatment of colds, headaches, pharyngitis, fever, diarrhea, oral ulcer, diabetes, digestive disorder, and rheumatoid arthritis. Indian ethnopharmacological data points to the therapeutic potential of theT.cordifoliafor the treatment of diabetic conditions. WhileTinosporaspecies are confusing in individual ingredients and their mechanisms of action, the ethnopharmacological history of those plants indicated that they exhibit antidiabetic, antioxidation, antitumor, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, antiosteoporosis, and immunostimulation activities. While the clinical applications in modern medicine are lacking convincing evidence and support, this review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, and toxicities of the genusTinosporato reveal its therapeutic potentials and gaps, offering opportunities for future researches.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of the essential oils from two subspecies of Protium heptaphyllum

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delcio Dias Marques ◽  
Rogério Antônio Sartori ◽  
Telma Leda Gomes Lemos ◽  
Luciana Lucas Machado ◽  
João Sammy Nery de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The City

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the volatile constituents from resin of Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand subsp. ulei (Swat) Daly (PHU), and Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand subsp. heptaphyllum (PHH), Burseraceae were performed using GC-MS and GC-FID. The resins were collected around the city of Cruzeiro do Sul, state of Acre, Brazil. Essential oils from the two subspecies were extracted by hydrodistillation with a yield of 8.6% (PHU) and 11.3% (PHH); the main components were terpinolene (42.31%) and p-cymene (39.93%) for subspecies ulei (PHU) and heptaphyllum (PHH), respectively.

scholarly journals The influence of meteorological factors on phytochemical composition of Artemisia pontica L.

Chemija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Saunoriūtė ◽  
Ona Ragažinskienė ◽  
Liudas Ivanauskas ◽  
Mindaugas Marksa ◽  
Erika Šeinauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

In order to increase the diversity of medicinal plants and biologically active compounds accumulated in them, considerable attention is given to introduction of Artemisia L. genus plants in Lithuania. The aim of our study was to determinate the qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oils of Artemisia pontica L. introduced in Lithuania. The object of investigation – Artemisiae pontici herba were prepared in the Scientific Sector of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Scientific Department of Botanical Garden at Vytautas Magnus University in 2018–2019. Essential oils were separated by hydrodistillation method, their composition was analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry methods in the Faculty of Pharmacy at Lithuanian University of Health Sciences in 2018–2020. The obtained results showed that a statistically significant (p > 0.05) higher amount and diversity of compounds from Artemisiae pontici herba essential oils were assessed in 2018 when HTC = 1.32. A strong correlation (r = 0.740) was assessed between the average of active temperatures and precipitation in 2019. The content of compounds was by 33.3% lower when HTC = 0.91. The other major compounds were 1,8-cineole (46.86%), 1,4-cineole (37.92%) and camphor (29.41–33.02%).

scholarly journals Ansiolytic effect of essential oils: a review on pre-clinical and clinical studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e638997716
Author(s):  
Júlia Assunção de Castro Oliveira ◽  
Rafaela Karin de Lima ◽  
Priscila Totarelli Monteforte ◽  
Érica Alves Marques ◽  
Adriane Duarte Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Natural Defense ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Anxiety participates in the body's natural defense, however, it can be pathological, when symptoms start to interfere in the individual's routine, causing loss of quality of life. Essential oils (EOs) are secondary metabolites with numerous pharmacological and biological activities, where we can highlight anxiolytic activity. Thus, the objective was to carry out a systematic review of the last 9 years in the large area of ​​pharmacology and toxicology, and to verify which EOs have anxiolytic activity, which tests were performed and the possible mechanisms involved. A bibliographic review with a qualitative and quantitative nature was carried out, using the Scopus database, where original studies were published, published between January 2010 and August 10, 2019, of the pre-clinical and clinical trial type that present results referring to anxiolytic activity of EOs, excluding those studies that did not understand the area of ​​pharmacology and / or toxicology. At the end of this analysis, of the 71 papers found, 18 were selected to compose this review. This review made it possible to visualize the panorama of preclinical and clinical studies for assessing anxiety with the use of OEs in the last 9 years, pointing out that in addition to the EO of Lavandula angustifolia, other EOs can also be promising, such as the EOs obtained from species of the genus Citrus. However, there is a scarcity of clinical studies to prove the efficacy and safety of the use of these EOs in the treatment of anxiety, which allows the opening of research in this area for the development and launch of new natural anxiolytics.

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