scholarly journals Fractalkine (CX3CL1) and Its Receptor CX3CR1 May Contribute to Increased Angiogenesis in Diabetic Placenta

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Szukiewicz ◽  
Jan Kochanowski ◽  
Michal Pyzlak ◽  
Grzegorz Szewczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Stangret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class C ◽  
Diabetic Placenta ◽  
Receptor Cx3cr1 ◽  
Cx3cr1 Expression

Chemokine CX3CL1 is unique, possessing the ability to act as a dual agent: chemoattractant and adhesive compound. Acting via its sole receptor CX3CR1, CX3CL1 participates in many processes in human placental tissue, including inflammation and angiogenesis. Strongly upregulated by hypoxia and/or inflammation-induced inflammatory cytokines secretion, CX3CL1 may act locally as a key angiogenic factor. Both clinical observations and histopathological studies of the diabetic placenta have confirmed an increased incidence of hypoxia and inflammatory reactions with defective angiogenesis. In this study we examined comparatively (diabetes class C complicated versus normal pregnancy) the correlation between CX3CL1 content in placental tissue, the mean CX3CR1 expression, and density of the network of placental microvessels. A sandwich enzyme immunoassay was applied for CX3CL1 measurement in placental tissue homogenates, whereas quantitative immunohistochemical techniques were used for the assessment of CX3CR1 expression and the microvascular density. Significant differences have been observed for all analyzed parameters between the groups. The mean concentration of CX3CL1 in diabetes was increased and accompanied by augmented placental microvessel density as well as a higher expression of CX3CR1. In conclusion, we suggest involvement of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in the pathomechanism of placental microvasculature remodeling in diabetes class C.

scholarly journals High Glucose Level Disturbs the Resveratrol-Evoked Curtailment of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Signaling in Human Placental Circulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Szukiewicz ◽  
Michal Pyzlak ◽  
Grzegorz Szewczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Stangret ◽  
Seweryn Trojanowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Perfusion Fluid ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
High Glucose Level ◽  
Receptor Cx3cr1 ◽  
Cx3cr1 Expression

Hyperglycemia-induced hyperactivity of chemokine CX3CL1 (fractalkine) occurs in the human placenta. Anti-inflammatory/antioxidant activities of resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) are related to the modulation of chemokine CX3CL1 and its receptor, CX3CR1, signaling pathways. We examined the influence of high glucose (25 mmol/L glucose; HG group; N=36) on resveratrol-mediated effects on CX3CL1 and TNF-α production by the placental lobule, CX3CR1 expression and contents of CX3CR1, TNF-α receptor 1 (TNFR1), and NF-κB proteins in placental tissue. The placental lobules perfused under normoglycemic conditions formed the control NG group (N=36). Resveratrol (50 and 100 μM; subgroups B and C) administered into the perfusion fluid lowered the production of both CX3CL1 and TNF-α. The reductions in CX3CL1 levels were more evident in the NG group. CX3CR1 expression was significantly higher in the NG subgroups B and C compared to the HG subgroups B and C (385.2 and 426.5% versus 199.3 and 282.4%, resp.). An increase in CX3CR1 protein content in placental lysates was observed in the NG subgroups B and C. Also, resveratrol significantly decreased NF-κBp65 protein content only in the NG group, not affecting hyperglycemia-elicited TNFR1 upregulation. In conclusion, euglycemia assures optimal effects of resveratrol pertaining to CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling in the placenta. Future studies on resveratrol are needed, especially those including maternal-fetal risk assessments.

scholarly journals Some kinematics of halo coronal mass ejections

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Virendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Nishant Mittal ◽  
Ramesh Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Coronal Holes ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
Class A ◽  
Heliospheric Physics ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class C

AbstractWe present an investigation of halo coronal mass ejections (HCMEs) kinematics and other facts about the HCMEs. The study of HCMEs is very important because HCMEs are regarded as the main causes of heliospheric and geomagnetic disturbances. In this study, we have investigated 313 HCMEs observed during 1996-2012 by LASCO, coronal holes, and solar flares. We find that HCMEs are of two types: accelerated HCMEs and decelerated HCMEs. The mean space speed of HCMEs is 1283 km/s while the mean speed of decelerated HCMEs and accelerated HCMEs is 1349 km/s and 1174 km/s, respectively. The investigation shows that 1 (0.3%) HCME was associated with class A SXR, 14 (4.7%) HCMEs were associated with class B SXR-flares, 87 (29.4%) HCMEs were associated with class C SXR-flares, 125 (42.2%) HCMEs were associated with class M SXR-flares and 69 (23.3%) HCMEs were associated with class X SXR-flares. The speed of HCMEs increases with the importance of solar SXR-flares. The various results obtained in the present analysis are discussed in the light of the existing scenario of heliospheric physics.

EFFECT OF LOW ZINC INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY ON PLASMA PROLACTIN, PROGESTERONE, PROSTAGLANDIN, CORTISOL AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS OF EWES DURING THE PERIPARTURIENT PERIOD

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. FITZGERALD ◽  
G. A. EVERETT ◽  
J. APGAR
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pregnant Ewe

The effect of low dietary Zn intake upon several plasma endocrine and metabolic profiles was examined during late gestation in the ewe. Thirty adult, primiparous Finncross ewes were fed a low Zn diet with (+Zn, n = 14) or without (0Zn, n = 16) supplemental Zn in the drinking water starting day 1 of pregnancy. Although the mean prepartum progesterone and prolactin concentrations were lower (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in 0Zn than in +Zn ewes, the peak prolactin concentrations in 0Zn ewes at lambing were similar to +Zn ewes. Both basal and thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH)-induced prolactin release were less (P < 0.01) in 0Zn ewes 2 d postpartum. Plasma concentrations of 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F2α (PGFM) of ewes sampled within 45 min post-lambing were lower (P < 0.05) in 0Zn ewes. There was no difference in cortisol concentrations within 45 min after lambing between 0Zn and + Zn ewes. Plasma protein concentrations in 0Zn ewes were higher (P < 0.01) than those in +Zn ewes during pregnancy. In summary, these data show that low Zn intake in the pregnant ewe affected several endocrine and metabolic plasma parameters associated with normal pregnancy and parturition. Key words: Zinc, parturition, dystocia, feed intake, ovine

scholarly journals The Role of HLAC and NK Cells in Fetal Growth Restriction

2017 ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Sri Sulistyawati ◽  
Didon M Trimulya ◽  
Supriyadi H Respati ◽  
Soetrisno Soetrisno
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the role of HLA-C and NK cell expressions in fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. This study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, its affiliated hospitals, and at the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta. A total of 40 samples were included in this study. The samples consisted of 20 normal pregnancies and 20 pregnancies with FGR. HLA-C expression in the trophoblast and NK cells in decidua of the subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were examined using immunohistochemical method and statistical analysis with T test. Results: The mean expression of HLA-C in the trophoblast in the pregnant group with FGR was 9.021.30, normal pregnancy was 7.96 ± 0.97, p=0.01 (p<0.05). The mean expression of NK cells in decidua of pregnancy with FGR was 10.59 ± 2.11, normal pregnancy was 0.91 ± 8.18, with p=0.00 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The expressions of HLA-C in trophoblast and NK cells in decidua of pregnancy with FGR were higher compared with those of normal pregnancy. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-3: 142-148] Keywords: fetal growth restriction, HLA-C, NK cells

scholarly journals The use of infrared thermography for welfare assessment during the application of ear tags to lambs

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Karakuş ◽  
Ferda Karakuş
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Thermal Camera ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of metal-tipped, plastic-tipped, and electronic ear tags on the likelihood of infection using infrared thermography and to evaluate the effect on welfare by examining the behavioral responses of the lambs. Ninety lambs with an average age of 6 months were used in this study. Before the application of the ear tags, infrared images of the right and left ears of the lambs were taken with the thermal camera and the infrared temperatures were recorded. Measurements were repeated on days 1, 4, 10, and 30 after the ear tag application. The mean of infrared ear temperatures on days 0, 1, 4, 10, and 30 were found to be 14.60, 23.20, 23.77, 20.36, and 17.61 °C for the metal-tipped ear tag group; 15.69, 21.50, 20.42, 18.00, and 16.39 °C for the plastic-tipped ear tag group; and 15.17, 29.47, 27.49, 25.93, and 20.61 °C for the electronic ear tag group. The infrared temperatures on days 1, 4, and 10 in the control and experimental groups were significantly different from each other (P < 0.001). The plastic-tipped ear tags caused fewer problems and are preferred to the traditional ear tags with metal tips. The electronic ear tags caused more inflammatory reactions compared to metal- or plastic-tipped ear tags. The infrared thermography method may be used as a useful tool in the early detection of the inflammatory reactions and infections caused by the application of ear tags.

scholarly journals Comparison of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 Concentration in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Dyka Aidina ◽  
Eti Yerizel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Tgf Β1

BACKGROUND: According to the theory of endothelial dysfunction, the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is associated with the imbalance of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) has also proposed as a proangiogenic factor that influences preeclampsia. This study was conducted to compare a mean difference of TGF-β1 between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.METHODS: This study was an observational crosssectional study with 25 subjects of pregnant women with preeclampsia and 25 subjects of normotensive pregnant women. The study was conducted in Dr. Reksodiwiryo Hospital, Bhayangkara Hospital, and Dr. Rasidin Hospital in Padang, Indonesia from October 2015 to January 2016. For the determination of TGF-β1 concentration, peripheral Abstract venous blood samples were taken. The blood samples wereanalyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University. The mean difference was statically analyzed by independent samples T-test.RESULTS: The mean difference of TGF-β1 was lower in preeclampsia group than normal pregnancy group (2.02±0.99 ng/mL vs. 3.24±2.67 ng/mL; p<0.05).CONCLUSION: The TGF-β1 concentration was lower in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Thus, it may have a role as a marker in preeclampsia.KEYWORDS: preeclampsia, normal pregnancy, transforming growth factor-beta1, TGF-β1

A Versatile Radioimmunoassay for the Determination of Serum Oestriol in Pregnancy

1973 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. H. Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Random Series ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

A versatile radioimmunoassay for serum oestriol in pregnancy has been developed which requires 10 μ| of serum (for total) or 50 μ| (for unconjugated). Selection of the optimum conditions for the hydrolysis of serum oestriol conjugates, the isolation of free oestriol, the displacement of tritiated oestriol by cold oestriol and the separation of the free and bound fractions is described. Total oestriol levels doubled between weeks 34 and 38 of normal pregnancy, very little change occurring in the mean level after the 38th week of gestation. In a random series of pregnancy sera there was a significant correlation between total and unconjugated oestriol.

Cardiomyopathy in Cirrhotic Patients and Its Relationship with the Severity of Cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2779-2782
Author(s):  
Saira Khalid ◽  
Nasir Shah ◽  
Yasir Abbas Zaidi ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Hasan ◽  
Saqib Jahangir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class B ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class C

Study Objectives: To determine the frequency of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis and to compare it across varying grades of cirrhosis on Child Turcotte Pugh classification. Study Design and Settings: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried at Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital Lahore over 1 year from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018. Patients and Methods: The present research involved 100 male and female patients aged between 16-70 years having liver cirrhosis diagnosed at least 6 months ago. These patients underwent echocardiographic screening of cardiomyopathy which was diagnosed by the presence of diastolic dysfunction (i.e. increased E/A ratio>1). An informed written consent was obtained from every patient. Results of the Study: There was a male predominance (M:F, 1.6:1) among cirrhotic patients with a mean age of 51.9±9.8 years. The mean BMI was 26.5±3.7 Kg/m2 while the mean duration of cirrhosis was 22.0±10.9 months. Majority (49.0%) of the patients belonged to CTP Class C followed by Class-B (39.0%) and Class-A (12.0%). Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy was observed in 41.0% patients with cirrhosis. There was statistically insignificant difference in the observed frequency of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy among various subgroups of cirrhotic patients depending upon patient’s age (p-value=0.928), gender (p-value=0.997), BMI (p-value=0.983) and duration of disease (p-value=0.782). However, it increased considerably with worsening of disease on CTP Classification; Class-A vs. Class-B vs. Class-C (8.3% vs. 35.9% vs. 53.1%; p-value=0.013). Conclusion: Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy was observed in a substantial proportion of cirrhotic patients and was more frequent in patients with more severe disease which warrants routine echocardiographic screening of cirrhotic patients so that timely recognition and anticipated treatment of this complication may improve the case outcome in future medical practice. Keywords: Cirrhosis, Cardiomyopathy, Child Turcotte Pugh Class

Facial Expression Recognition Based on 2D Gabor Transforms and SVM

2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Chun Hui Liu ◽  
Zhao Zheng ◽  
Feng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expression Recognition ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class C

In the facial expression recognition, a dimension disaster will arise when taking the coefficient of Gabor transforms as the expression eigenvectors. To avoid this issue we draw grids on facial region, making the mean coefficient value of Gabor transforms of each gird as the eigenvectors. Furthermore we classify the expression by constructing the multi-class C-SVC, improved the accuracy and speed of the algorithm by dropping the redundant features using sequential backward selection. The experimental result proves the superiority of the algorithm we proposed to other algorithms.

Tissue-specific concentration changes of estrone and estradiol during spontaneous and ACTH-induced parturition in sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. A. Power ◽  
J. R. G. Challis
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
The Mean

Changes in estrogen production are considered important in the sequence of events leading to parturition. We sought tissue-specific changes in the concentration of unconjugated estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in intrauterine fetal (amnion, chorion) and maternal (endometrium, myometrium) tissues during normal pregnancy, labour, and ACTH-induced labour in sheep. The mean concentrations of E1 and E2 in the fetal membranes were higher than in endometrium and myometrium. In amnion there were no consistent changes in estrone concentrations with gestation, although estradiol concentrations increased between day 130 and term. In the endometrium there were increases in both estrone and estradiol between day 100 and term, whereas in the myometrium increases in the concentrations of E1 and E2 occurred between days 130–135 and term. Animals showing a labourlike pattern of uterine contractions after intrafetal ACTH administration did not show significant differences in estrone or estradiol concentrations in amnion, chorion, or endometrium compared with saline-infused controls. However, there was a progressive increase in the concentration of estrone and estradiol in the myometrium during ACTH-induced labour. We conclude that changes in the concentrations of estrone and estradiol in intrauterine tissues vary between the tissues studied and the two estrogens. In general, estrogen concentrations increased towards term, but this trend was more marked in the maternal than fetal tissues. The changes in estrone concentrations in myometrium, but not in the other tissues, were replicated during ACTH-induced labour. Our results would be compatible with the suggestion that tissue-specific changes in estrogen concentrations may contribute to the local intrauterine steroid milieu during pregnancy and at term.

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