Seroprevalence of Dengue IgG Antibodies among Healthy Adult Population in Lahore, Pakistan

Background. Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus infection prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of anti-dengue IgG antibodies in healthy adult population of Lahore and also describe risk factors in relation to dengue seropositivity. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 274 healthy adult individuals aged 15 years and above were randomly selected using multistage sampling technique. These individuals were interviewed between July–September 2012, using a semistructured questionnaire, followed by drawing 3 mL of their venous blood for dengue IgG test. Nova Tech ELISA kit with sensitivity and specificity of 96.5% and 97.5%, respectively, was used for serology. Results. Out of 274 participants, 184 (67.2%) were found to be positive for dengue IgG antibodies. Seroprevalence was higher among individuals with poor awareness about potential breeding sites for dengue mosquito (63.6%), followed by the subjects who had poor knowledge about dengue signs/symptoms and complications (52.2% and 68.5%, resp.). Conclusion. About two-third of healthy population of Lahore was also seropositive for anti-dengue IgG during July–September 2012, indicating a considerable burden of subclinical dengue infection in the city. Males were predominantly affected than the females. We found no statistical association between dengue IgG seropositivity and socioeconomic status, occupation, and knowledge about the disease.

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Awareness regarding personal hygiene and sanitation practices among adult population in Dhamrai, Dhaka

Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal ◽

10.47648/zhswmcj.2020.v0102.04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (Number 2) ◽

pp. 15-18

Author(s):

Sultana Begum ◽

Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar ◽

Md Saizuddin ◽

Nadia Begum ◽

Shila Rani Das ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leisure Time ◽

Adult Population ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Convenience Sampling ◽

Structured Questionnaire

The current descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted during 16th May to 31st May 2018 to assess awareness regarding personal hygiene and sanitation practices in Dhamrai, Dhaka with a sample size of 120 using interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire employing convenience sampling technique. More than one third (35.9%) of the respondents were in age group 25-35 years and about 65% were female, 32.5% were housewives and 35.8% were found illiterate. source of drinking water was from71.67% tube well and 78.3% used sanitary latrine. More than half of the respondents (61.67%) were taking daily bath with soap and water, 61.66% cut their nails at leisure time and 51.67% wash hair with shampoo and water; while 59.67% washed their hands before meal and 76.67% after defecation with soap and water. It is revealed that 43.3% were aware about the transmission of diarrheoa through dirty nail and 73.3% were aware not to defecate on barefoot. Health education and comprehensive knowledge of proper personal hygiene and sanitation is essential in daily life and should be used to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

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Measles and Rubella Serosusceptibity Among Population Vaccinated with Different Schedule of Vaccination: The Potential Impact on Measles Elimination in Iran.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-40094/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hana Saffar ◽

Maryam Khalifeloo ◽

Mohammed-Jafar Saffar ◽

Ali-Reza Abdollahi ◽

Mohammad-Reza Parsaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Relative Distribution ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

High Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Iranian Children

Abstract Background: In addition to schedule 2-doses monovalent measles vaccine (mMV) immunization of Iranian children since 1984, a nationwide campaign of measles-rubella (MR) immunization among 5- 25 years-old population in December 2003 was conducted. From 2004 mMV was replaced with measles- mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Despite a high vaccination coverage, outbreaks of measles occurred in the country. Study was designed to investigate seroimmunity against measles and rubella among various age groups of population who were vaccinated with different schedule since 1984. Also, immunologic response to revaccination in seronegative subjects was evaluated. Methods: From 1 November 2017 to 30 June 2018 a cross- sectional study among 7- 33 year old healthy population with documented history of measles vaccination was conducted. Based on their age and history of vaccination categorized as GA: 20-23 years old; vaccinated with 1-2 dose of mMV, and also MR revaccinated. GB: 15-19 years, vaccinated only with 2- doses of mMV at the ages of 9 and 15 months. GC: 12-14 years and GD: 7-11 years; vaccinated with 2- dose of MMR vaccine at the ages 15 months - 6 years, and 12-18 month respectively. Collected sera were assessed to measure antimeasles and antirubella IgG antibodies concentration. Four to 6 weeks after revaccination of seronegative subjects, antimeasles-antirubella IgM and IgG antibodies were rechecked. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.Results: Totally 635 individuals, 312 female were included. Relative distribution of subjects in each group was as: GA: 98, GB: 295, GC: 139, and GD: 103 persons. Overall, 12.28% and 18.4% of population were soronegative, and varied greatly between groups: 2%-0/0%, 15.2%- 25.0%, 11.5%- 17.2%; and 14.6%-18.4% to measles and rubella, respectively. After revaccination, 92% and 94.9% showed 1gG response to measles and rubella vaccine respectively.Conclusion: Despite high coverage rate with measles containing vaccine, a significant numbers of vaccinated subjects lost their seroprotection, possibly because of secondary vaccine failure. This may affect measles-rubella elimination goal in the country. If these data were confirmed by further studies, more strengthen regional/ national supplementary immunization activity should be considered.

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Prevalence of Rubella Immunity among Women Seeking Antenatal Care in a Tertiary Institution, South-South, Nigeria

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2021/v33i930895 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

J. E. Egbagba ◽

A. O. Abdu ◽

N. Osegi ◽

S. C. Amadi ◽

M. A. Alex-Wele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Tertiary Institution ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

And Control

Aims: To determine rubella sero-prevalence (IgG, IgM) and to describe its relation to socio-demographic data among pregnant women in a tertiary institution in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state, South-South, Nigeria. Study Design: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre in Yenegoa, Bayelsa State, in South-South Nigeria between May 2020 and August 2020. Methodology: We included 398 women at various stages of pregnancy. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain socio demographic data. Ten ml of venous blood was then collected for serological assays. Analyses of samples were done using an in-vitro on-site rubella IgG/IgM rapid diagnostic assay. P value were kept at 0.05. Results: A total of 209 (53.0%) of the 398 women had a positive IgG antibodies. None (0.0%) of the women had positive IgM antibodies. There were no significant associations between respondents socio-demographic characteristics and rubella immunity as the probability values observed were greater than 0.05 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows a moderately high sero-prevalence of IgG antibodies amongst the participants studied. This indicates that rubella infection is endemic in Nigeria and requires further surveillance and control.

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Dietary and other lifestyle correlates of serum folate concentrations in a healthy adult population in Crete, Greece: a cross-sectional study

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/1475-2891-5-5 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Christos M Hatzis ◽

George K Bertsias ◽

Manolis Linardakis ◽

John M Scott ◽

Anthony G Kafatos

Keyword(s):

Healthy Adult ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Vitamin D Status of Adults in the Outpatient Department in Bangladesh

Journal of Dhaka Medical College ◽

10.3329/jdmc.v27i1.38954 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 94-97

Author(s):

NA Chowdhury ◽

Mohammad Zaid Hossain ◽

MM Mia ◽

S Hoque ◽

NA Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Adult Population ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Males And Females

Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is widespread, yet it is the most underdiagnosed and undertreated nutritional deficiency in the world. The prevalence of VDD is estimated to affect over 1 billion people worldwide. The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of VDD among adults aged 18–89 years visiting the outpatient department in a clinic/chamber. Objective: To assess the status of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) among the adult population in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 189 adults in the year 2017 including both males and females aged 18–89 years in outpatient department of a clinic/chamber. Venous blood sample was collected for the measurement of Vitamin D (25 hydroxyvitamin D). Results: This study included a total of 189 adults (29 males and 160 females) aged between 18 and 89 years. Majority of the patients were vitamin D deficient, 67.2% and 20.6% were suffering from vitamin D insufficiency. Maximum males and females are deficient, 69% and 66.9% respectively where as a very small percentage has sufficient level of vitamin D. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is alarmingly high. Screening services should be implemented while researchers focus on strategies to lessen the incidence and morbidity associated with these conditions. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 94-97

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Establishment of Hematological Reference intervals for healthy Children in Elobied City, Sudan

Journal La Medihealtico ◽

10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v2i4.382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 24-31

Author(s):

Tarig Osman Khalafallah Ahmed ◽

Malaz Elfatih Abd-elkareem Ahmed ◽

Ream Elzain Abdelgadir ◽

Hiba Awadelkareem Osman Fadl ◽

Assad MA. Babker

Keyword(s):

Blood Cells ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Venous Blood ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Reference Interval ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Cross Sectional

Hemogram Reference intervals are established since a healthy population is critical to accurately interpret laboratory tests, which include Hemoglobin estimation, Red blood cells count and indices, White blood cells count and differential in addition to Platelets count. This study aims to establish the reference interval of the complete hemogram amongst healthy Sudanese children in Elobied city, Sudan. A descriptive cross-sectional study included 354 healthy children, aged between 3 to 17 years, who were categorized into three groups according to age. A questionnaire was fulfilled, EDTA anti-coagulated venous blood sample was collected from each child then the complete hemogram was performed automated hematological analyzer (Sysmex Xp 300), Finally, Data was analyzed by a software program (SPSS version 21). The hematological reference intervals for healthy children [Hb g/dl, HCT%, RBCs count x106μL, MCV/fL ,MCH /pg., MCHC g/dl ,WBCs count x10³/μL, Neutrophil count%, Eosinophil count %, Basophile count %, lymphocyte count ,Monocytes count%, RDW CV and PLTs count×10³/μL] are [(12.4±1.2),(37±4),(5.0 ±0.4), (82±5.0), (26±3.0), (32±3.0) ,(7.0±2.0) (47±10), (1±0.1) ,(0±0),(45± 10),(7 ± 4), (13±1.8) &(227±91)] respectively. The hematological RI for healthy children in Elobied was established in this study to be representative of this population, there was a significant gender-based difference in all the evaluated hematological parameters, they were found to be higher in males than in females except for basophil (%). Finally, the results of this study would shed a light on the importance of establishing RI for the children population in Elobied.

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SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Delhi, India: September October 2021: a population based seroepidemiological study

10.1101/2021.12.28.21268451 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pragya Sharma ◽

Saurav Basu ◽

Suruchi Mishra ◽

Ekta Gupta ◽

Reshu Aggarwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Diagnostics ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multistage Sampling ◽

Ortho Clinical Diagnostics

Background We conducted a repeat serosurvey in Delhi, India to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the general population and compare the antibody prevalence in the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups. Methods This cross sectional study was conducted from September 24 to October 14 2021 in 280 wards of Delhi among 27811 participants selected through a multistage sampling technique with housing settlement based stratification. The SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies were screened with the VITROS (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Raritan, NJ, USA) assay (90% sensitivity, 100% specificity). Results A total of 24895 (89.5%) samples were seropositive. The crude seroprevalence was 87.99% (95% CI 89.1, 89.8), weighted for age and sex was 88% (95% CI 87.6, 88.4), and after adjustment of assay performance was estimated as 97.5% (95% CI 97.0, 98.0). The weighted seroprevalence in the 11 districts ranged from 84.9% (South-West district) to 90.8% (East district) Females in all the age-groups (<18, 18-49 and ≥50) had significantly higher odds of seropositivity (p<0.001). On adjusted analysis, the odds of seroconversion in the participants vaccinated with at-least one dose of either Covid-19 vaccine (Covishield/Covaxin) was more than four times compared to the unvaccinated (aRR 4.2 (3.8, 4.6)). The seroprevalence was also comparable among the complete and partially vaccinated subgroups for both vaccines (Table 4). Most (86.8%) seropositive individuals had a SARS-CoV-2 signal/cut-off ≥4.0 except in children Conclusions We observed IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in most of the general population of Delhi with likely higher antibody titers in the vaccinated compared to the unvaccinated groups.

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Knowledge and attitude of people above 18 years regarding COVID-19 vaccination in a rural area of Kerala

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214456 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Suchithra Erath Thadathil ◽

Rithu N. ◽

Sindhu P. S.

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

High Level

Background: The COVID vaccination programme in conjunction with other control measures, are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The mass vaccination with COVID vaccines, will help to increase the herd immunity. This study is an attempt to assess the knowledge and attitude of the adult population of a panchayat area of Thrissur district of Kerala towards COVID-19 vaccination and socio-demographic determinants associated with it.Methods: We have done a cross-sectional study among 350 study participants selected by cluster sampling technique from a panchayat area of Thrissur district of Kerala and the data was collected, using a pretested semi structured questionnaire. The knowledge and attitude were assessed by proportion and association of socio-demographic determinants was found out using ‘t’ test and ‘ANOVA’ test.Results: The result obtained, showed 94.3% of persons responded that there is a vaccine for preventing COVID and 85.2% were aware that Covishield and Covaxin were the vaccine freely available. The 78.3% respondents knew that there should be 84 days between the doses of Covishield and 77.1% knew that 28 days for Covaxin. The 100% respondents had attitude to take the vaccine and 99.1% were ready to continue COVID prevention measures even after vaccination. As per this study, younger age (p=0.04) and religion (0.000) had an association with knowledge.Conclusions: The high level of knowledge and a100% attitude towards COVID vaccination may be due to high political will and accountability of the governments towards it. The places with low acceptance rate can be able to model on it.

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Preliminary correlation between blood viscosity and pulsatility index in healthy population resident at high altitude (Cusco 3300 masl)

10.5327/1516-3180.454 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Charles Huamani Saldaña ◽

William Bayona Pancorbo ◽

Víctor Oré Montalvo ◽

Carlos Pérez Alviz ◽

Juan Carlos Acuña Mamani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Viscosity ◽

Pulsatility Index ◽

Venous Blood ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Test Results ◽

Mean Flow ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman Test

Background: Viscosity affects flows by increasing resistance to movement, therefore, blood viscosity (BV) could modify the pulsatility index (PI). Objectives: To determine the correlation between BV and PI. Design and setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted in clinically healthy young adults residing in Cusco (a city located at 3399 masl). Methods: A venous blood sample was taken to determine their BV levels, and a transcranial Doppler of right middle cerebral artery (R-MCA) was performed, with which the min, maximum and mean flow velocity (MFV), resistance and pulsatility indices (PI) were obtained. The BV levels were measured in centipoises (cP) using acone-plate viscometer at 40RPM. We present medians with interquartile ranges (IQR), the correlation was evaluated using the Spearman test. Results: 42 participants were included, 25 women (60%), the mean age was 26.2±5.5 years. The median of BV was 5.08cP [IQR: 4.55-5.77cP], the MFV was 56 m/s [IQR: 49- 61 m/s], and the PI was 0.94 [0.85-1.02]. BV was positively correlated with PI (r:0.38, p=0.045) and negatively with MFV (r: -0.37, p=0.011) Conclusions: The increase in blood viscosity has a small but significant impact on cerebral vascular resistance (PI) and its fluxes (MFV) in clinically healthy and young people. This could have a role in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction in the elderly. The results presented here are preliminary and we intend to gather more data and increasing our number of participants.

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Measles and Rubella Serosusceptibity among Population Vaccinated with Different Schedule of Vaccination: the potential impact on measles elimination in Iran.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-40094/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hana Saffar ◽

Maryam Khalifeloo ◽

mohammed-Jafar Saffar ◽

Ali-Reza Abdollahi ◽

Mohammad-Reza Parsaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Relative Distribution ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

High Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Iranian Children

Abstract Background: In addition to scheduled 2-doses monovalent measles vaccine (mMV) immunization of Iranian children since 1984, a nationwide campaign of measles-rubella (MR) immunization among 5- 25 years-old population in December 2003 was conducted. From 2004 mMV was replaced with measles- mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Despite a high vaccination coverage, outbreaks of measles occurred in the country. Study was designed to investigate seroimmunity status against measles and rubella among various age groups of population who were vaccinated with different schedule since 1984. Also, immunologic response to revaccination in seronegative subjects was evaluated. Methods: From 1 November 2017 to 30 June 2018 a cross- sectional study among 7- 33 year old (born 1984-2011) healthy population with documented history of measles vaccination was conducted. Based on their age and history of vaccination status categorized as GA: 20-2333 years old; vaccinated with 1-2 dose of mMV, and also MR revaccinated. GB: 15-19 years, vaccinated only with 2- doses of mMV at the ages of 9 and 15 months and MMR 2-5 years later. GC: 12-14 years and GD: 7-11 years; vaccinated with 2- dose of MMR vaccine at the ages 15 months - 6 years, and 12-18 months respectively. Collected sera were assessed to measure antimeasles and antirubella IgG antibodies concentration. Four to 6 weeks after revaccination of seronegative subjects, antimeasles-antirubella IgM and IgG antibodies were rechecked. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.Results: Totally 635 individuals, 312 female were included. Relative distribution of subjects in each group was as: GA: 98, GB: 295, GC: 139, and GD: 103 persons. Overall, 12.28% and 18.4% of population were soronegative, and varied greatly between groups: 2%-0/0%, 15.2%- 25.0%, 11.5%- 17.2%; and 14.6%-18.4%, to measles and rubella, respectively. After revaccination, 92% and 94.9% showed 1gG response to measles and rubella vaccine respectively.Conclusion: Despite high coverage rate with measles and rubella containing vaccine, a significant numbers of vaccinated subjects lost their seroprotection were seronegative, possibly because of secondary vaccine failure. This may affect measles-rubella elimination goal in the country. If these data were confirmed by further studies, more strengthen regional/ national supplementary immunization activity should be considered.

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