scholarly journals Multifunctional Logic Gate by Means of Nanodot Array with Different Arrangements

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yasuo Takahashi ◽  
Shinichiro Ueno ◽  
Masashi Arita
Keyword(s):  
Logic Gate ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Nanodot Array ◽  
Nanodot Arrays ◽  
Single Electronics ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Logic Functions ◽  
Exclusive Or

Multifunctional logic gate devices consisting of a nanodot array are studied from the viewpoint of single electronics. In a nanodot array, the dots come in a random variety of sizes, which sometimes has a negative effect on the performance of electrical device applications. Here, this feature is used in a positive sense to achieve higher functionality in the form of flexible logic gates with low power consumption in which the variability of logic functions is guaranteed. Nanodot arrays with two input gates and one control gate in a variety of arrangements are considered, in which the two-input logic functions (such as NAND, NOR, or exclusive-OR (XOR) gates) are selected by changing the voltage applied to the control gate. To ensure the flexibility of the device, it is important to guarantee the performance with any one of the six important logic functions: NAND, AND, NOR, OR, XOR, and XNOR. We ran a selection simulation using a nanodot array consisting of six nanodots with different dot arrangements to clarify the relation between the variability of the logic functions and the dot arrangements.

Genetic Evolution for the Development of Robust Artificial Neural Network Logic Gates

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Roy ◽  
Erik K. Antonsson ◽  
Andrew A. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Logic Gate ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Neural Net ◽  
C Programs ◽  
Artificial Neural Net ◽  
Classical Design ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
Or Logic Gate

Control tasks involving dramatic non-linearities, such as decision making, can be challenging for classical design methods. However, autonomous stochastic design methods have proved effective. In particular, Genetic Algorithms (GA) that create phenotypes by the application of genotypes comprising rules are robust and highly scalable. Such encodings are useful for complex applications such as artificial neural net design. This paper outlines an evolutionary algorithm that creates C++ programs which in turn create Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) that can functionally perform as an exclusive-OR logic gate. Furthermore, the GAs are able to create scalable ANNs robust enough to feature redundancies that allow the network to function despite internal failures.

scholarly journals A Reconfigurable Logic Cell Based on a Simple Dynamical System

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Li ◽  
Chunyu Yang ◽  
Sili Hui ◽  
Wenwen Yu ◽  
Jürgen Kurths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Dynamic Logic ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Reconfigurable Logic ◽  
Computer Chips ◽  
Threshold Mechanism ◽  
Logic Functions

This paper introduces a new scheme to achieve a dynamic logic gate which can be adjusted flexibly to obtain different logic functions by adjusting specific parameters of a dynamical system. Based on graphical tools and the threshold mechanism, the distribution of different logic gates is studied, and a transformation method between different logics is given. Analyzing the performance of the dynamical system in the presence of noise, we discover that it is resistant to system noise. Moreover, we find some part of the system can be considered as a leaky integrator which has been already widely applied in engineering. Finally, we provide a proof-of-principle hardware implementation of the proposed scheme to illustrate its effectiveness. With the proposed scheme in hand, it is convenient to build the flexible, robust, and general purpose computing devices such as various network coding routers, communication encoders or decoders, and reconfigurable computer chips.

scholarly journals Contextual dependencies expand the re-usability of genetic inverters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Tas ◽  
Lewis Grozinger ◽  
Ruud Stoof ◽  
Victor de Lorenzo ◽  
Angel Goñi-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Boolean Logic ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Genetic Circuits ◽  
Genetic Construct ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Logic Functions

The design and implementation of Boolean logic functions in living cells has become a very active field within synthetic biology. By controlling networks of regulatory proteins, novel genetic circuits are engineered to generate predefined output responses. Although many current implementations focus solely on the genetic components of the circuit, the host context in which the circuit performs is crucial for its outcome. Here, we characterise 20 genetic NOT logic gates (inverters) in up to 7 bacterial-based contexts each, to finally generate 135 different functions. The contexts we focus on are particular combinations of four plasmid backbones and three hosts, two Escherichia coli and one Pseudomonas putida strains. Each NOT logic gate shows seven different logic behaviours, depending on the context. That is, gates can be reconfigured to fit response requirements by changing only contextual parameters. Computational analysis shows that this range of behaviours improves the compatibility between gates, because there are considerably more possibilities for combination than when considering a unique function per genetic construct. Finally, we address the issue of interoperability and portability by measuring, scoring, and comparing gate performance across contexts. Rather than being a limitation, we argue that the effect of the genetic background on synthetic constructs expand the scope of the functions that can be engineered in complex cellular environments, and advocate for considering context as a fundamental design parameter for synthetic biology.

scholarly journals A RET-supported logic gate combinatorial library to enable modeling and implementation of intelligent logic functions

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1853-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru-Ru Gao ◽  
Shuo Shi ◽  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Hai-Liang Huang ◽  
Tian-Ming Yao
Keyword(s):  
Combinatorial Library ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Basic Logic ◽  
Parity Checker ◽  
Nor Gate ◽  
Logic Functions

A logic gate combinatorial library, including basic logic gates, a single three-input NOR gate, and combinatorial gates to realize intelligent logic functions (keypad-lock, parity checker) is constructed.

Effects of activity-based workspaces on employee belongingness

Facilities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang Gao ◽  
Sui Pheng Low ◽  
Hua Qian Gong
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sense Of Control ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Real Estate ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Open Plan

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the activity-based workspace (ABW) on employee belonging. Place attachment theory (PAT) is used as a proxy to understand and measure the belongingness of employees to their physical workplaces. Design/methodology/approach A case study of a bank’s newly retrofitted ABW office is conducted, providing fresh perspectives on the effect of ABW on employee belonging. A questionnaire survey was used to understand employee belongingness. Surveys are conducted with employees of the bank (n = 100) who experienced the transition from the conventional open-plan office with designated seats to an ABW, to understand and compare the change in employee belonging after the transition, by studying the level of belonging achieved in the space before and after. Findings The results showed that there was a positive sense of belongingness amongst employees working in the ABW space, as per the PAT framework and an increased sense of belongingness compared with the previous conventional open-plan office. However, ABWs were found to also have a negative effect on employees’ sense of control and security. Originality/value Maslow’s hierarchy of needs indicates that a feeling of belonging is fundamental to humans. The need for belonging is also applicable in the workplaces of today’s progressive corporate organisations, where there is increased pressure and incentive to appeal to and retain talent. This research was conducted in response to the huge growth in interest in activity-based working across the corporate real estate community. As there has been no prior research done in the area of the emotional need for belongingness in ABW.

Recent advances in molecular logic gate chemosensors based on luminescent metal organic frameworks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Li ◽  
Dongsheng Zhao ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xiaoxian Zhang ◽  
Wenqian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logic Gate ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Molecular Logic Gate ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Molecular Logic Gates ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Metal Organic

This review covers the latest advancements of molecular logic gates based on LMOF. The classification, design strategies, related sensing mechanisms, future developments, and challenges of LMOFs-based logic gates are discussed.

scholarly journals Analog Low-Voltage Current-Mode Implementation of Digital Logic Gates

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taher Abuelma'atti
Keyword(s):  
Power Series ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Basic Logic ◽  
Spice Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Logic Functions

In this letter a new technique is introduced for implementing the basic logic functions using analog current-mode techniques. By expanding the logic functions in power series expressions, and using summers and multipliers, realization of the basic logic functions is simplified. Since no transistors are working in saturation, the problem of fan-out is alleviated. To illustrate the proposed technique, a circuit for simultaneous realization of the logic functions NOT, OR, NAND and XOR is considered. SPICE simulation results, obtained with 3 V supply, are included

scholarly journals High Performance Energy Efficient Computation Elements of Processing Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2450-2455
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Efficient Computation ◽  
Quartus Ii ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
Design Logic

in our manuscript, various circuits for arithmetic summation are compared. Cadence 90nm technology and Quartus II EP2C20F484C7 are used for implementation of design. Logic gate-based adders, PFCA, TG and HSD technique-based adders characteristics are analyzed. Y finding is PFCA with 10T transistor performs slightly efficient compare to its counterpart. Exclusive OR-NOR design is optimum for least delay Adders for high performance energy efficient processing unit.

scholarly journals Cell Type-Specific Expression and Coregulation of Murine Resistin and Resistin-Like Molecule-α in Adipose Tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1920-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Rajala ◽  
Ying Lin ◽  
Mollie Ranalletta ◽  
Xiao Man Yang ◽  
Hao Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Acute Hyperglycemia ◽  
Cell Type Specific Expression ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Exclusive Or

Abstract Adipocytes are the exclusive or predominant source of several secreted proteins that exert profound effects on systemic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Resistin, a 10-kDa adipose tissue specific secretory protein, has recently been implicated in exerting a negative effect on systemic insulin sensitivity. It is, however, not known how resistin mediates this insulin-desensitizing effect or what regulatory mechanisms control resistin expression. Resistin-like molecule-α (RELMα), a homolog of resistin originally identified by its upregulation in asthmatic lung, is another secreted protein expressed in adipose tissue. The regulation of RELMα in adipose tissue and its relationship to resistin expression has not been addressed so far. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of resistin and RELMα are similarly regulated in adipose tissue despite the fact that RELMα is exclusively expressed in the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue and not in adipocytes. Interestingly, this coregulation is limited to adipose tissue as the expression of RELMα in lung is independent of metabolic regulation. Additionally, we show that resistin and RELMα levels are not subject to regulation by proinflammatory stimuli. Finally, acute hyperglycemia leads to up-regulation of resistin and RELMα transcription in various adipose depots.

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