EFEK MEDIASI SENSE OF CONTROL PADA PENGARUH SMARTPHONE ADDICTION TERHADAP ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION (Studi Pada Siswa SMK Jurusan Akuntansi Pasundan 1 Cianjur)

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the mediating effect of sense of control on the influence of smartphone addiction on academic procrastination in students of SMK Pasundan 1 Cianjur majoring in accounting. The theory that underlies this research is the theory of gestalk cognitive psychology. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method and the instrument used is a questionnaire distributed to students of SMK Pasundan 1 Cianjur majoring in accounting with random sampling technique, and the sample collected is 123 respondents. The data analysis technique used an associative approach with a statistical measuring tool for path coefficients (parh analysis). Based on the results of research conducted on students of SMK Pasundan 1 Cianjur majoring in accounting, the results showed that smartphone addiction had no negative effect on sense of control, sense of control had a negative effect on academic procrastination, and smartphone addiction had a positive effect on academic procrastination. Smartphone addiction does not significantly affect academic procrastination through sense of control. The advice given in this study is on the smartphone addiction variable, students should reduce positive anticipation as the most dominating indicator. On the variable sense of control students must increase the ability to control attention as the lowest indicator, in addition to the academic variable procrastination students must reduce the level of personal initiative as the most dominating indicator

A Digital Game for Undergraduate Calculus

This study has two goals: first, to investigate the effectiveness of using a digital game to teach undergraduate-level calculus in improving task immersion, sense of control, calculation skills, and conceptual understanding, and second, to investigate how feedback and visual manipulation can facilitate conceptual understanding of calculus materials. One hundred thirty-two undergraduate students participated in a controlled lab experiment and were randomly assigned to either a game-playing condition, a practice quiz condition, or a no-treatment control condition. The authors collected survey data and behavioral-tracking data recorded by the server during gameplay. The results showed that students who played the digital game reported highest task immersion but not in sense of control. Students in the game condition also performed significantly better in conceptual understanding compared to students who solved a practice quiz and the control group. Gameplay behavioral-tracking data was used to examine the effects of visual manipulation and feedback on conceptual understanding.

Flow and its Relationship to Happiness Among Students of Law and Fine Arts Faculties at Damascus University: التدفق النفسي وعلاقته بالسعادة لدى طلبة كليتي الحقوق والفنون الجميلة بجامعة دمشق

The aim of current research is to study the relationship between psychological flow and happiness among a sample of Damascus University students (Faculties of Law and Fine Arts), in addition to knowing the differences in happiness and psychological flow due to variables (gender, faculty). The research used the descriptive correlative approach. the researcher used Jackson and Elkland flow questionnaire, and the Oxford happiness questionnaire prepared by Argyle and Hills; which applied to a sample of (300) students of the third year. The results showed that there is, a statistically significant correlation between psychological flow and happiness (0.70) and there is a statistically significant correlation between Happiness and each loss of self-consciousness, Merging of action and awareness, and sense of control with (0.63, 0.59, 0.47) respectively. Also, the results showed there are no statistically significant differences in the psychological flow or in happiness among the members of the research sample due to the variable (sex) at level (0.05≥α). While there were statistically significant differences in the psychological flow among the members of the sample due to the variable of (faculty), in favor of the students of Fine Arts faculty. According to the results of research, psychological flow explains about 70% of the total variance in happiness. Based on the results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations to improve the psychological growth and happiness among the two colleges.

Testing Cognitive Models to Characterize Trauma Anniversary Reactions Marked by Stress and Growth

Objective: Contemporary theories conceptualize the anniversary of a traumatic event as a trauma reminder capable of activating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The current study uses the cognitive stress and growth model to examine this model’s usefulness in characterizing anniversary reactions. Method: Participants ( N = 197) were MTurk workers who endorsed an “emotionally charged reaction on or near the anniversary of a tragic event.” They completed assessments of PTSD, posttraumatic growth (PTG), sense of control, rumination, and trauma centrality. Results: Multiple regression analyses found both anniversary-related stress and PTSD symptoms were associated with similar factors with similar magnitude across both outcomes. Trauma centrality was uniquely associated with anniversary-related PTG. Conclusions: Anniversaries marked by stress are characterized by factors similar to PTSD generally, but growth-related reactions have different correlates compared to PTG outside the reaction. These findings suggest the anniversary period may be a time of self-reflection about the event and its impact.

From low sense of control to problematic smartphone use severity during Covid-19 outbreak: The mediating role of fear of missing out and the moderating role of repetitive negative thinking

Since the outbreak of Covid-19, the use of digital devices, especially smartphones, remarkably increased. Smartphone use belongs to one’s daily routine, but can negatively impact physical and mental health, performance, and relationships if used excessively. The present study aimed to investigate potential correlates of problematic smartphone use (PSU) severity and the mechanisms underlying its development. Data of 516 smartphone users from Germany (Mage = 31.91, SDage = 12.96) were assessed via online surveys in April and May 2021. PSU severity was significantly negatively associated with sense of control. In contrast, it was significantly positively linked to fear of missing out (FoMO), repetitive negative thinking (RNT), and daily time spent on smartphone use. In a moderated mediation analysis, the negative relationship between sense of control and PSU severity was significantly mediated by FoMO. RNT significantly moderated the positive association between FoMO and PSU severity. Specifically, the higher the RNT, the stronger the relationship between FoMO and PSU. The present findings disclose potential mechanisms that could contribute to PSU. Potential ways of how to reduce PSU severity are discussed.

New Technology Evokes Old Memories: Frequent Smartphone Use Increases Feeling of Nostalgia

In the era of technology, smartphone use occupies an important position in our lives. The present research focused on the psychological consequence of frequent smartphone use and possible way to remedy it. We proposed that frequent smartphone use could damage people’s sense of control and in turn trigger nostalgia. Moreover, nostalgia could directly compensate for the low sense of control induced by frequent smartphone use. Five studies ( N = 918) were conducted. Study 1 found through a field study that frequent smartphone use increases nostalgia. Studies 2 and 3 found through 14-day tracking and a laboratory experiment that frequent smartphone use decreased people’s sense of control and then triggered nostalgia. Furthermore, nostalgia could enhance the low sense of control, and it worked by increasing self-esteem (Studies 4 and 5). The findings show the negative impact of frequent smartphone use, and nostalgia is an effective way to remedy it without preventing people from using smartphones.

Profiling the Variability and Inequity in the Residential Environment in Cyprus According to Citizens’ Ratings: A Cross-Sectional Internet-Based “Place Standard” Survey

Background The “Place Standard Tool” (PST) offers a practical framework for structuring conversations about physical and social dimensions of Place which can impact on health and well-being. While extensively used in the context of community engagement, its properties as a measurement tool haven’t been explored. Methods Under the auspices of the Cyprus Healthy Cities Office, an open call was addressed to citizens to rate their neighbourhood environment across the 14 PST items (1: large to 7: little room for improvement). Exploratory factor, cluster and regression analyses were used to explore the dimensionality of the scale, depict neighbourhood profiles and explore differences in ratings according to socio-demographic characteristics, area-level census indicators and residents’ assessment of neighbourhood social position on a 10-step ladder. Results With the exception of safety (M=4.4, SD=1.7), 492 participants (mean age 42, 50% residents for >10 years) from 254 postcodes (21.7% islandwide) did not rate other features favourably, with lowest scores for “influence and sense of control” and “public transport”. A stepwise pattern of dissatisfaction was observed along the social position continuum both for features rated less favourably as well as more favourably (e.g. social contact). For instance, among participants who placed their neighbourhood at the three top steps of the ladder 48.8% gave a low rating for “influence and sense of control”, while the equivalent figure was 81.0% at the bottom three steps (OR=4.5, 95% CI 2.3, 8.6). A clear dimensionality of Built (6 items, Cronbach’s α coefficient for internal consistency=0.798), Physical (3 items, α = 0.765), Social (2 items, α = 0.749) and Service (3 items, α = 0.58) environment was identified. A social gradient was evident according to objective census measures of socio-economic disadvantage (e.g. pre-1980 housing, single-parent households) with larger differences in terms of the built than the social environment. Conclusions The study profiled the variability and documented the inequity in the health-related neighbourhood environment across Cypriot communities. The readily interpretable dimensionality of the scale supports its construct validity, allowing calculation of composite scores. The PST can be used as measurement tool in research as well as public health practice to advocate for neighbourhood initiatives which support and enhance citizens’ participation.

Changes in perceptions of border security influence desired levels of immigration

Security concerns about immigration are on the rise. Many countries respond by fortifying their borders. Yet little is known about the influence of border security measures on perceived threat from immigration. Borders might facilitate group identities and spread fear of outsiders. In contrast, they might enhance citizens' sense of security and control over immigration. We test these claims using survey experiments run on a nationally representative sample of over 1,000 Americans. The findings show that allocating more government resources to border security increases desired levels of immigration. This effect is likely driven by a sense of control over immigration, induced by border security measures even when the number or characteristics of immigrants remain unchanged. Our findings suggest that border controls, which are widely considered as symbols of closure and isolation, can promote openness to immigration.

Empowered or powerless? Contributing factors to women's appraisal of traumatic childbirth

Background Approximately one-third of women reflect on childbirth as a traumatic experience and the way women appraise their birth experience is significant to their postnatal wellbeing. This study aimed to identify and compare experiences of childbirth for mothers who reflect on birth as a traumatic or non-traumatic event. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 mothers in the postpartum period who appraised their birth as either traumatic or non-traumatic. The data were analysed using thematic analysis to elicit themes and subthemes. Results Thematic analysis revealed two contrasting themes relating to whether women felt empowered or powerless during birth. Empowerment was associated with women's trust in their maternity care, the sense of control they felt over their body and birth and the extent to which they felt informed of their options. Being powerless was associated with distrust towards healthcare services, feeling as though they lacked control over the process and feeling ‘in the dark’ about what was happening. Conclusions Women's sense of empowerment during birth is an important contributor to the appraisal of childbirth as a traumatic or non-traumatic experience. Empowerment is largely determined by the dynamic between a mother and the support around her.

Walking It Off: More Stressors and Perceived Stressor Control Predict More Physical Activity in Daily Life

Research shows that, while the experience of stress relates to lower levels of physical activity (PA), people who perceive a greater sense of control engage in higher levels of PA. This study explores whether a sense of control specifically over stressful situations moderates the negative association between stressor exposure and PA in daily life. We used 8-day diary data from up to 1,236 participants (Age: Range = 43-91, M = 62.47, SD = 10.20) in the National Study of Daily Experiences. Somewhat contrary to hypotheses, people reported spending more time on light PA (but not moderate-to-vigorous PA) on days when they also experienced more stressors than usual. Perceived stressor control appears to magnify this effect, with people reporting even more light PA on days when they feel greater control. Initial findings suggest that a physically active lifestyle may help middle-aged and older adults cope with daily stressors.