Polylactic Acid (PLA) Composite Films Reinforced with Wet Milled Jute Nanofibers

In the present study, waste jute fibers formed in textile industries were wet pulverized to nanoscale using high energy planetary ball milling. The rate of refinement of uncleaned jute fibers having noncellulosic contents was found slower than the cleaned jute fibers. This behavior is attributed to the strong holding of fiber bundles by noncellulosic contents which offered resistance to the defibrillation during wet milling. In addition, the pulverization of fibers in the presence of water prevents the increase in temperature of mill which subsequently avoided the sticking of material on the milling container. After three hours milling, the diameter of nanofibers was observed around 50 nm. In the further stage, obtained nanofibers were incorporated under 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% loading into polylactic acid composite films. The potentials of jute nanofibers were investigated for improvement in mechanical and barrier properties of films. The maximum improvement in mechanical properties was observed in case of 5 wt% composite film where Young’s modulus was increased to 3.3 GPa from 1.0 GPa as compared with neat PLA film.

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Ultrahigh polar phase content PVDF-based composite films with ultralow filler loading for high-energy-density flexible capacitors

Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics ◽

10.1007/s10854-021-05837-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shengliao Yan ◽

Zhuo Chen ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Yuping Yang ◽

Yufeng Xiong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Composite Films ◽

High Energy ◽

Filler Loading ◽

High Energy Density ◽

Polar Phase ◽

Phase Content

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Antimicrobial Active Bioplastics Using Triangular Silver Nanoplate Integrated Polycaprolactone and Polylactic Acid Films

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14051132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1132

Author(s):

Eduardo Lanzagorta Garcia ◽

Olivia A. Attallah ◽

Marija Mojicevic ◽

Declan M Devine ◽

Margaret Brennan Fournet

Keyword(s):

Polylactic Acid ◽

Scale Up ◽

Composite Films ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Solvent Casting ◽

Local Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽

Casting Technique ◽

Triangular Silver Nanoplates

An innovative antimicrobial technology for plastic surfaces is presented. We report the synthesis and scale-up of triangular silver nanoplates (TSNPs) and their integration into polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactic acid (PLA) polymers through a solvent-casting technique. The TSNPs have a high geometric aspect ratio and strong local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) response, which provides an effective tool for monitoring their integrity during processing and integration with the biodegradable plastics. An aqueous-based seed-mediated chemical method was used to synthesize the TSNPs, and characterisation was carried out using TEM and UV (Ultraviolet)-VIS (Visible) spectroscopy to measure LSPR profiles. The UV-VIS spectra of silver seeds and TSNPs exhibited characteristic peaks at 395 and 600 nm respectively. Synthesized TSNPs were coated with thiol-terminated polyethylene glycol (SH-PEG) and transferred into chloroform in order to effect compatibility with PCL and PLA. TSNP/PCL and TSNP/PLA composite films were prepared by solvent casting. The morphological structure, thermal, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties of the TSNP-incorporated composite films were evaluated. Results showed the TSNP-treated films had a rougher surface than the bare films. Insignificant changes in the thermal properties of TSNP-treated films compared to bare ones were also observed, which indicated the thermal stability of the composite films. The tensile strength and antimicrobial properties of the composite films were increased after TSNP incorporation. TSNP/PCL and TSNP/PLA films exhibited improved antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with antimicrobial effect (AE) values ranging between 0.10 and 0.35. The obtained results and demonstrated TSNP production scalability validate the TSNP treated PCL and PLA films as a composite material with desirable antimicrobial effect for wide-ranging surface applications.

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Ultrasonic-modified montmorillonite uniting ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether to reinforce protein-based composite films

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly-2021-0044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 433-442

Author(s):

Hua He ◽

Rui-jing Jia ◽

Kai-qiang Dong ◽

Jia-wen Huang ◽

Zhi-yong Qin

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Glycol ◽

Soy Protein ◽

Soy Protein Isolate ◽

Composite Films ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Protein Isolate ◽

Diglycidyl Ether ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Protein Film ◽

Modified Montmorillonite

Abstract A novel biodegradable protein-based material (UMSPIE) that consists of natural polymer soy protein isolate (SPI), ultrasonic-modified montmorillonite (UMMT), and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) was produced by solution casting. Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the chemical structure and micro-morphologies of as-synthesized protein-based composite films. The results showed that the interlayer structure of MMT was destroyed by ultrasonic treatment, and the hydrogen bonding between SPI chains and the ultrasound-treated MMT plates was enhanced. The synergistic effect of UMMT and EGDE on SPI molecules made the network structure of the UMSPIE film denser. In addition, the mechanical and barrier properties of the as-synthesized films were explored. Compared with pure soy protein film, the tensile strength of the UMSPIE film has an increase of 266.82% (increasing from 4.4 to 16.14 MPa). From the above, the modified strategy of layered silicates filling combining crosslinking agents is considered as an effective method to improve the functional properties of bio-based polymer composites.

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Designing Biodegradable and Active Multilayer System by Assembling an Electrospun Polycaprolactone Mat Containing Quercetin and Nanocellulose between Polylactic Acid Films

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13081288 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1288

Author(s):

Carol López de Dicastillo ◽

Luan Garrido ◽

Eliezer Velásquez ◽

Adrián Rojas ◽

Rafael Gavara

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Thermal Treatment ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

Active Compound ◽

Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Multilayer Systems ◽

Innovative Strategy ◽

Packaged Foods

The design of multilayer systems is an innovative strategy to improve physical properties of biodegradable polymers and introduce functionality to the materials through the incorporation of an active compound into some of these layers. In this work, a trilayer film based on a sandwich of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers (PCLé) containing quercetin (Q) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) between extruded polylactic acid (PLA) films was designed with the purpose of improving thermal and barrier properties and affording antioxidant activity to packaged foods. PCLé was successfully electrospun onto 70 µm-thick extruded PLA film followed by the assembling of a third 25 µm-thick commercial PLA film through hot pressing. Optical, morphological, thermal, and barrier properties were evaluated in order to study the effect of PCL layer and the addition of Q and CNC. Bilayer systems obtained after the electrospinning process of PCL onto PLA film were also evaluated. The release of quercetin from bi- and trilayer films to food simulants was also analyzed. Results evidenced that thermal treatment during thermo-compression melted PCL polymer and resulted in trilayer systems with barrier properties similar to single PLA film. Quercetin release from bi- and trilayer films followed a similar profile, but achieved highest value through the addition of CNC.

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Mechanical and barrier properties of carbon nanotube reinforced PCL-based composite films: Effect of gamma radiation

Journal of Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.1002/app.37715 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 127 (5) ◽

pp. 3962-3969 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ruhul A. Khan ◽

Dominic Dussault ◽

Stephane Salmieri ◽

Agnes Safrany ◽

Monique Lacroix

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Gamma Radiation ◽

Composite Films ◽

Barrier Properties

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Preparation of graphene oxide by dry planetary ball milling process from natural graphite

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra26491j ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (15) ◽

pp. 12657-12668 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Pranita Dash ◽

Tapan Dash ◽

Tapan Kumar Rout ◽

Ashok Kumar Sahu ◽

Surendra Kumar Biswal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Ball Milling ◽

High Energy ◽

Milling Process ◽

Graphene Oxides ◽

Natural Graphite ◽

Ball Milling Process ◽

Planetary Ball Milling

Graphene oxides (GO) with different degrees of oxidation have been prepared by an in-house designed horizontal high energy planetary ball milling process.

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Preparation and characterization of polylactic acid/fenugreek essential oil/curcumin composite films for food packaging applications

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ◽

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.090 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Mohan ◽

K. Panneerselvam

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Composite Films

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Effect of High Pressure Treatment on Poly(lactic acid)/Nano–TiO2 Composite Films

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23102621 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (10) ◽

pp. 2621 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hai Chi ◽

Wenhui Li ◽

Chunli Fan ◽

Cheng Zhang ◽

Lin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

High Pressure ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Composite Film ◽

Composite Films ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Pressure Treatment ◽

Nano Tio2 ◽

High Pressure Treatment

The microstructure, thermal properties, mechanical properties and oxygen and water vapor barrier properties of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/nano-TiO2 composite film before and after high pressure treatment were studied. Structural analysis showed that the functional group structure of the high pressure treated composite film did not change. It was found that the high pressure treatment did not form new chemical bonds between the nanoparticles and the PLA. The micro-section of the composite film after high pressure treatment became very rough, and the structure was depressed. Through the analysis of thermal and mechanical properties, high pressure treatment can not only increase the strength and stiffness of the composite film, but also increase the crystallinity of the composite film. Through the analysis of barrier properties, it is found that the barrier properties of composite films after high pressure treatment were been improved by the applied high pressure treatment.

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High-Energy Ball Milling and Sintering of Ti-2Ta-22Si-11B and Ti-6Ta-22Si-11B Powders Mixtures

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.802.20 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 802 ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lucas Moreira Ferreira ◽

Luciano Braga Alkmin ◽

Érika C.T. Ramos ◽

Carlos Angelo Nunes ◽

Alfeu Saraiva Ramos

Keyword(s):

Ball Milling ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

High Energy ◽

Milling Process ◽

Wet Milling ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Equilibrium Structures ◽

Rotary Speed ◽

Steel Balls

The milling process of elemental Ti-2Ta-22Si-11B and Ti-6Ta-22Si-11B (at-%) powder mixtures were performed in a planetary Fritsch P-5 ball mill using stainless steel vials (225 mL) and hardened steel balls (19 mm diameter). Ball-to-powder weight ratio of 10:1 and a rotary speed of 300 rpm were adopted, varying the milling time. Wet milling (isopropyl alcohol) for 20 more minutes was used to increase the yield powder in to the vial. Following the Ti-Ta-Si-B powders milled for 600 min were heat-treated at 1100°C for 1 h in order to obtain the equilibrium structures. The milled powders and heat-treated samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry. Supersaturated Ti solid solutions were formed during ball milling of Ti-Ta-Si-B powders while that the Ti5Si3 phase was formed after milling for 620 min of the Ta-richer powder mixture only. The particles sizes were initially increased during the initial milling times, and the wet milling provided the yield powder into the vials. A large amount of pores was found in both the sintered samples which presented the formation of the TiSS,(ss-solid solution) Ti6Si2B and TiB.

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