The Effect of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bronchial Stump Tissue Granulation after Pneumonectomy: Experimental Study

Objectives. Recent advances in perioperative management, antibiotics, and surgical materials, including mechanical staplers, have decreased the operative risk of pulmonary resection. However, bronchopleural fistula can still occur in some instances, the occurrence often being lethal. This study investigated whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) promotes granulation of the bronchial stump after pneumonectomy. Methods. Ten pigs were randomized into two groups: (A) control or non-PRP group (pneumonectomy) and (B) PRP group (pneumonectomy and PRP application). PRP was obtained by spinning down the animal’s own blood and collecting the buffy coat containing platelets and white blood cells. Results. Increased platelet concentration triggered the healing process. The percentage of granulation tissue formed at the stumps was significantly higher in the PRP group of animals. This observation was confirmed when statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney U test was performed (P=0.0268). Conclusions. PRP is easily produced with minimal basic equipment and is useful in accelerating granulation of the bronchial stump, although the timing and optimum number of applications in humans require further study. Autologous PRP is a safe, feasible, and reliable new healing promoter with potential therapeutic effects.

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ROLE OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA IN TREATMENT OF CHRONIC NON-HEALING VENOUS ULCER

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i2.982 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Firdaus A. Dekhaiya ◽

Jignesh K. Joshi ◽

Sarav Bamania

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Autologous Blood ◽

Healing Process ◽

Venous Ulcer ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Venous Ulcers ◽

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Adhesive Proteins ◽

Autologous Platelet

Introduction: Venous ulcers are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the lower limbs. Considering that PRP is a source of growth factors, and consequently has mitogenic, angiogenic, and chemotactic properties, it represents an adjunctive treatment for recalcitrant wounds. Moreover, PRP provides the wound with adhesive proteins, such as fibrinogen, which are important in wound healing. PRP contain more amount of platelets, cytokines and growth factors which are dispersed in a very small amount of plasma which can be prepared from a sample of centrifuged autologous blood. Application of PRP has been reported to be effective in both acute as well as chronic non healing venous ulcers. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of autologous platelet rich plasma in the management of chronic venous ulcer. Material and Method: A Prospective study conducted on 100 patients of chronic venous ulcers admitted in Sir T. Hospital Bhavnagar from June 2018 to June 2019 after fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. PRP then injected intalesionally inside and around the periphery of the wound/ulcer. This process was done once/week for 12 weeks. At every week, the area and volume of ulcer was calculated and photographs were taken. Result: All the patients showed healing of the ulcer with reduction in size of ulcer more than 90% was observed in 72 patients, followed by 80–90% reduction in wound size in 18 patients after the 12 weeks follow-up. Overall, significant reduction in size of ulcer was observed in all the treated patients. Conclusion: Autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) as an autologous method, it is biocompatible, simple, safe, affordable and less expensive procedure in the treatment of chronic venous ulcers. PRP is found to be useful in improving and enhancing the healing process in chronic venous leg ulcers without any side effect. Keywords: Venous ulcer, Platelet rich plasma

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Prothrombin activation in blood coagulation: the erythrocyte contribution to thrombin generation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2012-05-427856 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 120 (18) ◽

pp. 3837-3845 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Matthew F. Whelihan ◽

Vicentios Zachary ◽

Thomas Orfeo ◽

Kenneth G. Mann

Keyword(s):

Blood Cells ◽

Thrombin Generation ◽

Marked Decrease ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Buffy Coat ◽

Glycophorin A ◽

Initiation Phase ◽

Platelet Concentration ◽

Corn Trypsin Inhibitor ◽

Prothrombin Activation

Abstract Prothrombin activation can proceed through the intermediates meizothrombin or prethrombin-2. To assess the contributions that these 2 intermediates make to prothrombin activation in tissue factor (Tf)–activated blood, immunoassays were developed that measure the meizothrombin antithrombin (mTAT) and α-thrombin antithrombin (αTAT) complexes. We determined that Tf-activated blood produced both αTAT and mTAT. The presence of mTAT suggested that nonplatelet surfaces were contributing to approximately 35% of prothrombin activation. Corn trypsin inhibitor–treated blood was fractionated to yield red blood cells (RBCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-poor plasma (PPP), and buffy coat. Compared with blood, PRP reconstituted with PPP to a physiologic platelet concentration showed a 2-fold prolongation in the initiation phase and a marked decrease in the rate and extent of αTAT formation. Only the addition of RBCs to PRP was capable of normalizing αTAT generation. FACS on glycophorin A–positive cells showed that approximately 0.6% of the RBC population expresses phosphatidylserine and binds prothrombinase (FITC Xa·factor Va). These data indicate that RBCs participate in thrombin generation in Tf-activated blood, producing a membrane that supports prothrombin activation through the meizothrombin pathway.

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Unactivated platelet leukocyte autoplasma in the treatment of non scarring alopecia

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases ◽

10.18821/1560-9588-2016-19-6-369-377 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 369-377

Author(s):

G. A Ragimov ◽

O. Yu Olisova ◽

Kseniya G. Egorova

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Clinical Cure ◽

Clinical Observation ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Hair Follicles ◽

Scarring Alopecia ◽

Platelet Concentration

The literature review of the cellular functioning mechanisms of the hair follicles, the role of stem cells in the life cycle of the hair, the major effects of growth factors are presented. Authors, patented treatment method of non scarring alopecia is described. The technology ofpreparation and method of use of unactivated platelet leukocyte autoplasma in various forms of alopecia are described. Own clinical observation of 60 patients with non scarring alopecia and results of their unactivated platelet leukocyte autoplasma are presented. 80% of patients had a clinical cure. Investigations of platelet concentration, white blood cells and growth factors in platelet-rich plasma and platelet leukocyte unactivated autoplasma were performed. The results are shown in the article.

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Effects of platelet rich plasma on the gastric serosal surface neomucosa formation: an experimental rodent model

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2018-0098 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 32-40

Author(s):

Binboğa Sinan ◽

Kasapoğlu Pınar ◽

Binboğa Elif ◽

Cikot Murat ◽

Baytekin Fırat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Healing Process ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽

Treated Group ◽

En Bloc Resection ◽

Bloc Resection ◽

En Bloc ◽

Platelet Concentration

Abstract Background Autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) is the platelet concentration obtained from thrombocytes in the plasma. During the healing process, the platelets are activated and then release the granules which stimulate the inflammatory cascade and healing process. Platelet derived growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) are valuable markers used for cell regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of PRP treatment on the neomucosa formation, a potential technique for increasing the intestinal surface area in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Materials and methods Thirty-two male Wistar-Hannover rats were divided into: sham, control, PRP-treated and last group for PRP preparation (n=8). Plasma levels of VEGF, TGFβ, EGF and FGF were quantified by ELISA. En-bloc resection of anastomotic part was performed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Results VEGF, FGF, TGFβ and EGF levels were found significantly increased in PRP-treated group compared to others (p<0.001). Neomucosa formation was observed in experimental groups but the area increased significantly in PRP group, compared to other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion PRP therapy in gastrointestinal anastomoses is truly beneficial and surgically applicable treatment in SBS patients.

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Evaluation of the Effects of Homologous Platelet Gel on Healing Lower Extremity Wounds in Patients With Diabetes

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds ◽

10.1177/1534734613477113 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 22-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Gui-Qiu Shan ◽

Ya-Ni Zhang ◽

Jing Ma ◽

Yan-Hui Li ◽

Da-Ming Zuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Healing Process ◽

Platelet Gel ◽

Poor General Health ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Lower Extremity Wound ◽

Volume Blood ◽

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Diabetic Wounds

The treatment of chronic diabetic wounds remains complicated, despite new insight into the cellular and molecular basis of wound healing and cutaneous regeneration. A growing body of clinical trials has shown that platelet release has a notable effectiveness on refractory ulcer healing. However, patients with chronic diabetic ulcers usually have poor general health, and the large-volume blood absence required to produce autologous platelet-rich plasma often causes adverse effects. To overcome the limitation, the homologous platelet gel (PG) from healthy donor was used for the treatment of chronic diabetic lower extremity wound in the study. We show here that homologous derived platelets significantly enhanced EVC304 cell and HaCaT cell proliferation and homologous PG was capable of prompting cell migration. Twenty-one patients with refractory diabetic lower extremity ulcers, who had no response to conventional treatments, were treated in this study. Our data indicated that homologous PG was effective for the enhancement and acceleration of diabetic lower extremity wounds healing. We propose that homologous PG appeared to enhance vascularization and epithelialization, which might induce a quicker healing process and and encourage controlled studies in future.

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A cross-sectional analysis of the effects of various centrifugation speeds and inclusion of the buffy coat in platelet-rich plasma preparation

Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology ◽

10.25259/ijdvl_1050_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

K. Muthuprabakaran ◽

Varadraj Vasant Pai ◽

Suhail Ahmad ◽

Pankaj Shukla

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Autologous Blood ◽

Buffy Coat ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Specialties ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Platelet Concentration ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

The Ideal

Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous blood preparation which is used in various medical specialties because of its regenerative properties. There is a wide variation in platelet-rich plasma preparation protocols and attaining the ideal platelet yield (>1 million platelets/μL) in a clinic setting can be challenging. We aimed at analyzing the centrifuge spin rates at which to attain an ideal platelet-rich plasma yield and also to study the effect of inclusion of the buffy coat after the first spin on the final platelet concentration in platelet-rich plasma. Methods: Seventy-five whole blood samples were obtained and divided into two groups – (1) leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma group and (2) leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma group. Samples in both groups were centrifuged using the dual spin method, at one of three centrifugation speed combinations (initial “soft” spin and second “hard” spin speeds, respectively): (1) 100 g/400 g, (2) 350 g/1350 g and (3) 900 g/1800 g. Platelet, red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts in both groups were compared. Results: The 100 g/400 g spin gave a high platelet yield (increase of 395.4 ± 111.1%) in the leukocyte-poor-platelet-rich plasma group, while in the leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma group both 100 g/400 g and 350 g/1350 g spins resulted in significantly higher yields with an increase of 691.5 ± 316.3% and 738.6 ± 193.3%, respectively. Limitations: The study was limited by a smaller sample size in the pure platelet-rich plasma (leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma) group. Conclusion: Ideal platelet yields can be achieved with both the 100 g/400 g as well as the 350 g/1350 g spins using the buffy coat inclusion method while the 100 g/400 g spin for “pure” platelet-rich plasma accomplishes a near-ideal platelet count with significantly reduced contamination with other cells.

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APPLICATION OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE

Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.37800/rm2021-1-8 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

S.M. Magarmanova ◽

T.D. Ukbaeva

Keyword(s):

Sports Medicine ◽

Reproductive Medicine ◽

Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Plasma Fraction ◽

Platelet Concentration ◽

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Pain Symptoms ◽

Natural Healing

By definition, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological product, a part of the plasma fraction of blood, with a platelet concentration exceeding the normal physiological value. PRP is widely used in orthopedics and sports medicine to eliminate pain symptoms by stimulating natural healing processes. In recent years, there have been reports about using of PRP in assisted reproductive technologies. This article presents an overview of information on the mechanism of action PRP, classification of platelet concentrates and its clinical application in the field of reproductive medicine.

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Effects of Breed/Species and Gender on Platelet Concentration in Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.2478/acve-2018-0038 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 474-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephania Miranda ◽

Maria Fernanda De Mello Costa ◽

Juliana Jeunon Senna ◽

João Castañon Frapoint ◽

Nayro Xavier De Alencar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Status ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

High Concentration ◽

Platelet Concentration ◽

Speed Up ◽

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

And Gender ◽

Preparation And Evaluation ◽

Autologous Platelet ◽

Factor Concentration

Abstract Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous biological product harvested by consecutive centrifugations of whole blood and separation of plasma in a stepwise protocol. PRP has been successfully used to stimulate healing in orthopedic and dermatological conditions, both in humans and animals. The principle is the fact that α- granules inside platelets contain a high concentration of growth factors, that once released can interfere with cellular communication and speed up healing. Standardization of PRP requires establishing a gold standard for the preparation and evaluation of the product, especially considering that platelet concentration and, therefore, growth factor concentration, might vary due to a number of variables. Factors such as age, gender, race or breed, and immune status of the patient might interfere with PRP quality and with treatment results, although little is known about such interferences. This research investigated the effect of breed/species and gender in platelet concentration in autologous PRP from horses and mules. The results demonstrate that Quarter Horses provided PRP with the greatest amount of platelets, although mules had a higher concentration percentages in relation to the initial platelet counts.

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Efficacy of autologous platelet rich plasma over conventional mechanical fixation methods in split thickness skin grafting

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20185099 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Girish Umashankar Thimmanahalli ◽

Mahesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Skin Graft ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Healing Process ◽

Split Thickness Skin Graft ◽

Skin Defect ◽

Thickness Skin ◽

Split Thickness Skin Grafting ◽

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Graft Reconstruction ◽

Autologous Platelet

Background: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from whole blood through the process of gradient density centrifugation. After skin graft reconstruction, the healing process is longer and may be difficult, depending on the wound site, skin defect size, and patient comorbidities. The potential value of PRP lies in its ability to incorporate high concentrations of platelet-derived growth factors into the skin graft. Since not all patients afford commercially available recombinant platelet rich plasma for skin graft, platelet extract from patient’s own blood is being used in this study to test and demonstrate the therapeutic role of PRP in skin graft. The aim of this randomized, prospective study is to compare the effectiveness of PRP in skin graft with conventional method like sutures, staplers or glue.Methods: The source of data were the patients admitted as inpatients for the management of wounds to the department of general surgery, JSS Hospital, Mysore from September 2016 to September 2018. Total of 60 patients were studied; 30 cases were randomly chosen for study with autologous platelet rich plasma and 30 cases received conventional methods like staples/sutures used to anchor the skin grafts in a control group.Results: Autologous PRP showed faster and better healing rates. With PRP study group instant graft adherence was seen in all cases. Hematoma, graft edema, discharge from graft site, frequency of dressings and duration of stay in hospital were significantly less in the PRP. There were no adverse effects or reactions seen with the use of autologous PRP among the study group.Conclusions: The combination of PRP with Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG) significantly improved clinical outcomes and shortened the wound healing time. Therefore, this treatment combination could provide a way to heal skin after skin graft reconstruction with minimal recovery time. It is found to be highly beneficial in many aspects both to the patient and surgeon based on our results.

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Potential therapeutic effects of autologous platelet rich plasma on impaired wound healing: a prospective clinical study

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20184024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 820

Author(s):

Sachin Upadhyay ◽

Hashmukh Shantilal Varma ◽

Sumit Yadav

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Considerable Improvement ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Time Duration ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Autologous Platelet

Background: The evolving state of technology in field of medicine has led to a plethora of new options in the realm of wound healing. The primary objective of present study was to assess the potential therapeutic effects of autologous platelet rich plasma in the healing of wound.Methods: A prospective clinical nonrandomized cohort study was performed in 50 patients (40 males, 10 females) with recalcitrant, chronic; non-healing wounds of different etiologies. Age ranged from 25 to 70 years (mean 39.14±13.38). Eligible patients were treated with autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) at 4-days intervals for a maximum of 14 sessions. Patients were evaluated (reduction in size of the wound (area)) every week and continued until final healing has achieved. The primary outcome was positive response to therapy, defined as complete healing of the wound and absence of any raw area. Significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The mean time duration to wound healing was 6.33 weeks (S.D±2.16). A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between the baseline parameters and mean area after PRP injection. After 7 sessions (28 days of therapy) the wounds showed the significant change in wound surface area (p<0.05). None of the patients developed deep or superficial wound infections.Conclusions: There is considerable improvement in wound characteristics like healthy granulation tissue, healing edge, pain, slough, bleeding on touch and discharge after 7 days of PRP therapy and considerable improvement on follow up.

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