scholarly journals Determinants of Anemia among Children Aged 6–59 Months Living in Kilte Awulaelo Woreda, Northern Ethiopia

Anemia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Gebreegziabiher ◽  
Belachew Etana ◽  
Daniel Niggusie
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Introduction.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and determinant factors among children aged 6–59 months living in Kilte Awulaelo Woreda, eastern zone.Method.A community based cross-sectional study was conducted during February 2013 among 6 tabias of Kilte Awulaelo Woreda, northern Ethiopia. A total of 568 children were selected by systematic random sampling method. Anthropometric data and blood sample were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors related to anemia.Result.The mean hemoglobin level was 11.48 g/dl and about 37.3% of children were anemic. Children who were aged 6–23 months [AOR = 1.89: 95% CI (1.3, 2.8)], underweight [AOR = 2.05: 95% CI (1.3, 3.3)], having MUAC less than 12 cm [AOR = 3.35: 95% CI (2.1, 5.3)], and from households with annual income below 10,000 Ethiopian birr [AOR = 4.86: 95% CI (3.2, 7.3)] were more likely to become anemic.Conclusion.The prevalence of anemia among the children is found to be high. It was associated with annual household income, age, and nutritional status of the child. So, improving family income and increasing awareness of the mother/caregiver were important intervention.

scholarly journals Impact of Iron Status on Thyroid Function: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Madhab Lamsal ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sah ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Basanta Gelal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Mean

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The relation between thyroid hormones and iron status is bidirectional. The aim of this study was to assess iron nutrition status and evaluate its relationship with thyroid hormone profile among children of Eastern Nepal. Methods: A  community based cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern Nepal. A total of 200 school children aged 6-12 years were recruited after taking informed consent from their guardians. Blood samples were collected and assayed for free thyroid hormones (fT3 and fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) concentration and percentage transferrin saturation was calculated. Results: The mean serum iron and TIBC was 74.04 µg/dl and 389.38 µg/dl respectively. The median transferring saturation was 19.21%. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency (Transferrin saturation < 16%) was 34% (n=68). The mean concentration of fT3 and fT4 was 2.87 pg/ml and 1.21 ng/dl respectively, while the median TSH concentration was 3.03 mIU/L. Median TSH concentration in iron deficient group (3.11 µg/dl) and iron sufficient group (2.91 µg/dl) was not significantly different. Among iron deficient children 5.9% had   subclinical hypothyroidism (n=4). Iron status indicators were not significantly correlated with thyroid profile parameters in the study population. Conclusions: The prevalence of iron deficiency is high and iron   deficiency does not significantly alter the thyroid hormone profile in the study region.

scholarly journals Community based hematological reference intervals among apparently healthy adolescents aged 12-17 years in Mekelle city, Tigrai, northern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0234106
Author(s):  
Hagos Haileslasie ◽  
Aster Tsegaye ◽  
Gebreyohanes Teklehaymanot ◽  
Getachew Belay ◽  
Gebreslassie Gebremariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mekelle City ◽  
Apparently Healthy

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Maternal Anemia during Pregnancy in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study

Anemia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Melku ◽  
Zelalem Addis ◽  
Meseret Alem ◽  
Bamlaku Enawgaw
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Anemia ◽  
Large Family Size ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background. Anaemia is a global public health problem which has an eminence impact on pregnant mother. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of maternal anemia.Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 30, 2012, on 302 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Gondar University Hospital. Interview-based questionnaire, clinical history, and laboratory tests were used to obtain data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors.Result. The prevalence of anemia was 16.6%. Majority were mild type (64%) and morphologically normocytic normochromic (76%) anemia. Anemia was high at third trimester (18.9%). Low family income (AOR [95% CI] = 3.1 [1.19, 8.33]), large family size (AOR [95% CI] = 4.14 [4.13, 10.52]),hookworminfection (AOR [95% CI] = 2.72 [1.04, 7.25]), andHIVinfection (AOR [95% CI] = 5.75 [2.40, 13.69]) were independent predictors of anemia.Conclusion. The prevalence of anemia was high; mild type and normocytic normochromic anemia was dominant. Low income, large family size,hookworminfection, and HIV infection were associated with anemia. Hence, efforts should be made for early diagnosis and management ofHIVandhookworminfection with special emphasis on those having low income and large family size.

scholarly journals Menstruation: gap in knowledge, belief and practice among adolescent girls in an urban area of Belagavi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3640
Author(s):  
Suhasini Kanyadi ◽  
Chandra S. Metgud
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transition Into Adulthood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
One Year

Background: The period of adolescence, beginning with the onset of puberty, is a crucial transition into adulthood. There is a substantial lacuna in the knowledge, belief and practice about menstruation. This study addresses the gap in knowledge, belief and practice regarding menstruation among adolescent girls. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year, in an urban area of Belagavi among 625 adolescent girls in the age group of 16–19 years. Data was collected by house to house visit using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age (±SD) at menarche was found to be 12.8±1.73 years. Our study showed that as the knowledge increased, there was increase in the use of sanitary pad (p<0.001) and increase in the number of girls practicing cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation (p<0.01). However, it was found that 276 (50.5%) and 175 (37.7%) of the girls did not use sanitary pads and practice cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation even after having correct knowledge showing a gap in knowledge and practice. Similarly, among the 494 girls who knew that menstruation is a natural process, 93 (18.8%) girls wrongly believed she shouldn’t sleep in the same place as usual, 124 (25.1%) said she shouldn’t enter the kitchen, 186 (37.7%) believed that certain foods should be avoided and only 37 (7.5%) rightly believed that girls could go to place of worship during menstruation showing a gap in knowledge and belief. Conclusions: The study reported a gap in knowledge, belief and practice among adolescent girls. To bridge this gap causes have to be identified and addressed. 

scholarly journals Relationship between depression and socio-demographic and illness characteristics in arsenicosis population of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Shamima Parvin Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out by a self-structured questionnaire on 168 participants aged between 18 and 60 years at two arsenic prone area of Bangladesh to determine the association between extent of depression and socio-demographic as well as illness characteristics in arsenicosis population. The mean age ± SD was 42 ± 10.15 years. Female respondents were almost twice (63.1%) than the males (36.9%) in this study. Most of the respondents (94.0%) were shallow tube well water user. Among them most (80.0%) of the respondents were detected as arsenic contaminated water consumer over more than six months. Study estimated that almost half (44.3%) of the participants had suffered from mild to moderate depression in the moderate arsenicosis group. Less than quarter (20.8%) participants suffered severe depression in severe arsenicosis group. Quarter (26.7%) had mild arsenicosis with no depression. This difference was not significant. Gender had significant influence on proportion of level of depression. Females significantly suffered more from depressive symptoms than males. More than two third of the female respondents suffered from some kind of depressive symptoms; where less than one third of the males were suffered from depressive symptoms. Age has no significant relation with depression. Respondents who were 48 years and above age group had highest percentages of severe depressive symptoms (35.8%). This age group also suffered from highest percentage of mild to moderate depression (37.1%). Though most of the respondent (85.1) had no diabetes and hypertension. Respondents with physical illness suffered more from some sorts of depression than those without illness, but the result is not statistically significant. We understood that depression has health challenges in adult arsenicosis patients. Therefore, physicians should take account depression in their treatment management when deal with arsenicosis patients.

scholarly journals Trends in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and prevalence of Rifampicin Resistance in Eastern zone, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Abay Kahsu ◽  
Bahlibi Hailay
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Eastern Zone

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. The emergence of Mono or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), poses a considerable challenge to Mycobacterium tuberculosis control programs in the worldwide; however, there has been no reliable and organized data on trends and prevalence drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in study area; Therefore, aim of this study to determine the trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prevalence of Rifampicin resistance in eastern zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Methods Hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Adigrat General Hospital from June 01 to August 30, 2019.Data was collected retrospectively from the registration books using data extraction format commence January 01, 2015, December 30, 2018. Data was entered into Epi-Info 3.1 and exported and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics, tables, and figures. P values < 0.05 would be considered statistically significant. Result A total of 5,944 Mycobacterium tuberculosis presumptive patients were included in the study. The majority of the study participants were male (58.1%). The median age of the participants was 40.0 (IQR 57, 26) years, the majority age-group was 30-44 years. The overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 1446 (24.3%). Of the total confirmed cases, 132 (9.1%) were resistant to rifampicin. From total Rifampicin resistant 129 (97.7%) new cases and the rest were previously treated tuberculosis patients. Age, reason for diagnosis, site of presumptive tuberculosis, being HIV infected was found a significant association with our dependent variable; however, only Age and being HIV infected associated with rifampicin resistance. Conclusion In our study, the overall trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prevalence of rifampicin resistance were found high and increased; therefore, maximizing early detection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and strengthening TB infection control activities and proper implementation of directly observed treatment are recommended reducing the burden of this contagious disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Active Trachoma among Rural Preschool Children in Wadla District, Northern Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Wudu Kassaw ◽  
Ayele Mamo Abebe ◽  
Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne ◽  
Mikiyas Amare Getu ◽  
Woldemichael Tadesse Bihonegn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Trachoma

Abstract Background፡ Trachoma is a neglected eye problem and primary cause of preventable corneal blindness. In endemic areas, initial infection occurs in early childhood, and recurrent infection progress to scarring and blindness. In the past four decades, GET2020 initiative eliminated Trachoma from developed countries through enhancements of hygiene and sanitation but still a problem of developing countries. Studies and reports also indicated the presence of high prevalence of Trachoma in Ethiopia and in the study area. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence and risk factors of active trachoma among rural preschool children in Wadla district, Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was considered to gather data from 583 children using sample size determination, but 596 children were screened for signs of active trachoma because of the sampling procedure nature, cluster sampling technique. Wadla district has 150 rural villages, which are similar in topography and socio-demographic status. Based on rule of thumb 30 villages (clusters) were included for the data collection. An interview on socio-demographic data were collected by health informatics professionals using structured interview questioners, which were prepared through reviewing previous literatures and pretested in Meket Woreda. Eye examination was performed by Integrated Eye Care Workers who trained for one month for the purpose of trachoma screening by Carter center-Ethiopia. Results - The prevalence of active trachoma among rural pre-school children in Wadla district was 130 (21.8%). Regarding risk factors, poor economic status (AOR (95% CI), (3.8 (1.3-11.4), being 37- 48 months old (AOR (95% CI), (4.2 (1.5-12.0), thatched house roof (AOR (95%CI), (4.4 (1.4-13.6), presence of fly in nearby home (AOR (95% CI), 4.6 (2.1-9.9), once weekly face washing frequency (AOR (95% CI), 8.6 (2.5-29.3), unwashed face for longer than a week (AOR (95% CI), 10.6 (2.9-37.7), not using soap (AOR (95% CI), 4.5 (1.8-11.3), and absence of latrine (AOR (95% CI), 5.1 (2.0-12.9) have association with active trachoma. Conclusion: Environmental factors weigh other factors and this could capture the intention of policy makers to emphasize on the environmental components like sanitation including face cleanness to decrease the prevalence of trachoma

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