scholarly journals Relationship between depression and socio-demographic and illness characteristics in arsenicosis population of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Shamima Parvin Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out by a self-structured questionnaire on 168 participants aged between 18 and 60 years at two arsenic prone area of Bangladesh to determine the association between extent of depression and socio-demographic as well as illness characteristics in arsenicosis population. The mean age ± SD was 42 ± 10.15 years. Female respondents were almost twice (63.1%) than the males (36.9%) in this study. Most of the respondents (94.0%) were shallow tube well water user. Among them most (80.0%) of the respondents were detected as arsenic contaminated water consumer over more than six months. Study estimated that almost half (44.3%) of the participants had suffered from mild to moderate depression in the moderate arsenicosis group. Less than quarter (20.8%) participants suffered severe depression in severe arsenicosis group. Quarter (26.7%) had mild arsenicosis with no depression. This difference was not significant. Gender had significant influence on proportion of level of depression. Females significantly suffered more from depressive symptoms than males. More than two third of the female respondents suffered from some kind of depressive symptoms; where less than one third of the males were suffered from depressive symptoms. Age has no significant relation with depression. Respondents who were 48 years and above age group had highest percentages of severe depressive symptoms (35.8%). This age group also suffered from highest percentage of mild to moderate depression (37.1%). Though most of the respondent (85.1) had no diabetes and hypertension. Respondents with physical illness suffered more from some sorts of depression than those without illness, but the result is not statistically significant. We understood that depression has health challenges in adult arsenicosis patients. Therefore, physicians should take account depression in their treatment management when deal with arsenicosis patients.

scholarly journals Selfie addiction: the prodigious self-portraits

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Saranya Nagalingam ◽  
Balaji Arumugam ◽  
S. P. Thenniz Preethy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Time Pass ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Selfie’s are self-portrait taken to admire the excessive pride in one’s own appearance. When these selfies are taken persistently in increased numbers with futile efforts to stop taking them is called as “SELFIE ADDICTION”. There is an uncontrollable craving for taking selfie’s which has a great impact on the life style modifications substantially in the adolescent age group. This problem has just commenced but it has disseminated rapidly to a greater magnitude.Methods: This study was done as a community based cross sectional study at Pondicherry, Chennai and Kadaloor district during November 2015 and February 2016 with the objectives of assessing the prevalence and its risk factors of the Selfie addiction among adolescents. Individuals of adolescent age group were randomly selected and the data were collected using direct questionnaire method with proper informed consent. The data was entered in MS excel sheet and analysis was done using SPSS software.Results: A total of 766 college students were interviewed of which 53% were males with the mean age of 19 years. The purposes of taking selfies were time pass (46%), to admire themselves (14.5%), to post in social network sites (23.7%). Among the study participants 87% of them had the habit of taking selfies regularly using mobile phones and the number of selfies per minute varied from 2 to 10 per minute. The prevalence of selfie addiction was present among 111 (14.5%) and it was significantly associated with gender, higher version mobile phone users, early morning selfie takers, chronic mobile users.Conclusions: The prevalence of selfie addiction among adolescent population in our study was moderately high and hence interventions should be made to create cognizance among the general population about the risk factors and its consequences.

scholarly journals Association between Diabetic Retinopathy and Chronic Periodontitis—A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena H. R. ◽  
Sribhargava Natesh ◽  
Sudhir Patil
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
The Mean

Periodontal disease (PD), a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth, increases the risk of complications in diabetics. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of prolonged hyperglycaemia. There appears to be a similarity in the pathogenesis of DR and PD. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association, if any, between DR and PD, correlate the severity of DR with the severity of PD, and investigate the association between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine and periodontal variables. The periodontal status of 200 adult diabetic patients in the age group of 30–65 years with varying severity of DR was assessed. Evaluation of the severity of PD was assessed by recording clinical parameters. Haematological investigations including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum creatinine were estimated before the initiation of treatment for DR. A statistically significant association between the mean duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the severity of DR and PD was found. The severity of PD was directly correlated with the severity of DR. There was a significant association between the levels of HbA1c and serum creatinine and severity of DR and PD. There could be a plausible relationship between DR and PD. Further prospective studies on a larger population with longer follow-ups are required to ascertain whether PD and its severity directly affect the progression and severity of DR.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria among residents of rural Mangalore, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Animesh Gupta ◽  
Aishwarya Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases worldwide and India has fourth highest number of malaria cases and deaths in the world. Prevention of the disease through better knowledge and awareness is the appropriate way to keep the disease away and remain healthy. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria among residents of Mangalore.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among residents in Mangalore. The data was collected by using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire which include socio-demographic data, basic knowledge about malaria, transmission and preventive measures and health seeking behaviour regarding malaria through interview method.Results: Almost 98.4% respondents heard of malaria disease and 96% respondents had knowledge that malaria is caused by mosquito bite. Even, majority (72%) of respondents knew that malaria can be fatal. Regarding the symptoms of malaria, 52.4% respondents mentioned fever with chills and 11.6% respondents don’t know about malarial symptoms.Conclusions: Majority of the respondents were familiar with the malaria symptoms, mode of transmission and vector control measures. They had good knowledge of malaria disease and good practices of malaria control measures.

scholarly journals Acceptance and utilization of HIV testing among the youth: a cross-sectional study in Techiman, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Bernard YA Asare ◽  
Henrietta Y Yeboaa ◽  
Bismark Dwumfour-Asare
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: In Ghana, efforts including ‘Know Your Status’ campaign have been made to increase awareness and improve the uptake of HIV screening. Objective: This study examined the acceptance and utilization of the HIV/AIDS ‘Know Your Status’ campaign and determine dthe differences in HIV testing by demographic characteristics among the youth in Techiman, Ghana. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among the youth aged 15-24 years. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 200 purposively selected respondents. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 19.6±2.72 years. There was a universal awareness (100%) of HIV/AIDs, and were knowledgeable about the mode of transmission, symptoms and the prevention of HIV. A high proportion of the respon- dents (n=161, 80.5%) had heard about the ‘Know Your Status’ (KYS) campaign. Less than half of respondents (n=91, 45.5%) had tested for HIV, and only 16.5% (n=15/91) of respondents tested through the KYS campaign. Testing for HIV was associ- ated with age (p<0.001) and marital status (p<0.001). Conclusion: The youth should therefore be targeted in the awareness and the ‘Know Your Status campaigns’, and in an effort- sto promote screening for HIV. Keywords: Awareness; campaign; knowledge; HIV/AIDS; know your status; screening.

Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors Among Women in a Rural Community in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Anika Boitchia ◽  
Shabnam Naher ◽  
Sabbir Pervez ◽  
Moyazzem Hossainc
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to identify the prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension among rural women. Data collection was carried out between March to June 2019 among 380 women in Kumarkhali Upazila, Kushtia, Bangladesh. Participants were interviewed with a structured questionnaire including background characteristics, anthropometric measurements, prevalence, and risk factors of hypertension. IBM SPSS version 25 was used for analyzing the data. The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension among the total participants was 21.3% and 17.1%, respectively. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 126.65 (±19.31) mmHg and 77.21 (±12.51) mmHg. Association was found between the prevalence of hypertension and participant’s age, marital status, educational level, body mass index, intake of raw salt, secondary smoking, stress, and diabetes (p<0.05). Among the diabetic women, prehypertension and hypertension prevailed as 26.3% and 55.3% respectively. The lowest risk of hypertension was found with limited raw salt (aOR: 1.42) and red meat (aOR: 0.05) consumption. Hypertension was more likely to affect overweight (aOR: 3.98) and women aged 55 to 64 years (aOR: 13.44). Thus, effective and integrated intervention agendas are required for women, which can improve the rate of diagnosis and prevent uncontrolled hypertension in Bangladesh. Keywords: Prevalence, hypertension, women, blood pressure, risk factor, Bangladesh

Evaluation of blood lead among painters of buildings and cars

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110427
Author(s):  
Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman ◽  
Alireza Taherifard ◽  
Abbas Esmaeili ◽  
Hassan Ahmadinia ◽  
Mohsen Rezaeian
Keyword(s):  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Exposure to lead-based paints is a major threat to the health of painters. This study aimed to evaluate the blood concentration of lead (Pb) in painters of buildings and cars. The present study was a cross-sectional study in which a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic information. Lead concentration in blood samples was determined using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. A total of 32 male painters were selected based on inclusion criteria. The mean blood lead level (BLL) in the painters was 8.1 ± 4.93 μg/dL. Pb levels in car and building painters were 9.42 ± 5.5 μg/dL and 6.7 ± 1.85 μg/dL, respectively. Pb concentration in none of the blood samples was more than 30 μg/dL. The prevalence of BLL ≥ 5 μg/dL and BLL ≥ 10 μg/dL was 97% and 19%, respectively. According to the findings, the rate of BLL among car painters was higher than building painters. Considering the presence of Pb in all blood samples, it seems necessary to increase the awareness of painters about the adverse effects of lead exposure even in low concentrations. However, the sample size in this study was small and more investigations are required in this regard.

scholarly journals Impact of Iron Status on Thyroid Function: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Madhab Lamsal ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sah ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Basanta Gelal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Mean

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The relation between thyroid hormones and iron status is bidirectional. The aim of this study was to assess iron nutrition status and evaluate its relationship with thyroid hormone profile among children of Eastern Nepal. Methods: A  community based cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern Nepal. A total of 200 school children aged 6-12 years were recruited after taking informed consent from their guardians. Blood samples were collected and assayed for free thyroid hormones (fT3 and fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) concentration and percentage transferrin saturation was calculated. Results: The mean serum iron and TIBC was 74.04 µg/dl and 389.38 µg/dl respectively. The median transferring saturation was 19.21%. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency (Transferrin saturation < 16%) was 34% (n=68). The mean concentration of fT3 and fT4 was 2.87 pg/ml and 1.21 ng/dl respectively, while the median TSH concentration was 3.03 mIU/L. Median TSH concentration in iron deficient group (3.11 µg/dl) and iron sufficient group (2.91 µg/dl) was not significantly different. Among iron deficient children 5.9% had   subclinical hypothyroidism (n=4). Iron status indicators were not significantly correlated with thyroid profile parameters in the study population. Conclusions: The prevalence of iron deficiency is high and iron   deficiency does not significantly alter the thyroid hormone profile in the study region.

Maternal Knowledge and Practices towards Sanitation and Their Relationships with Occurrence of Diarrhoea in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shriya Ankit Seksaria ◽  
Mini K Sheth
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Childhood Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p>Diarrhoea, a major contributor of childhood morbidity and mortality is mostly caused by poor hygiene and sanitation. Literature reveal that hygiene practices at household levels greatly affects the occurrence of diarrhoea among children. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine association between hygiene knowledge and practices of mothers with occurrence of diarrhoea in young children below 3 years in the tribal villages of Gujarat. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on personal hygiene (PH), food Hygiene (FH), and environmental Hygiene (EH) practices of 536 mothers with children between 6-36 months of age. Past one month diarrhoeal episodes were recorded using the recall method. The mean percent scores for FH, PH and EH practices were 77%, 88% and 80% respectively. Almost 35% children suffered from diarrhoea in the past one month of which 10 were admitted to the hospital. Diarrhoeal incidences were associated with FH and EH practices (p&lt;0.001) and not with PH practices. Improvement in the environmental and personal hygiene practices of the mothers can contribute largely in reducing the prevalence of diarrhoea among children in Chikhli taluka of Gujarat.</p>

Depression and suicidal ideation among the geriatric population of Kashmir, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402096859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Shoib ◽  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
SM Yasir Arafat ◽  
Sohail Ahmad Hakak
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background: Depression is a common disorder that can lead to suicidal behaviours among the geriatric population. Aim: We aimed to assess depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation among the elderly population of Kashmir. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts of Kashmir between June and August 2019. The sample consisted of 200 persons aged >65 years. Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Hopelessness Scale, and the Beck Suicide Ideation scale were used to determine depression, hopelessness, and suicide ideation. Pearson’s correlation was performed to assess the relationships between depression, hopelessness, and suicide. Results: The prevalence of severe depression with a score of ⩾31 on Beck’s Depression Inventory was 56% among the studied population. Most of these elderly were found to have moderate levels of suicidal ideation (62.5%) and hopelessness (61%). Depression had a positive correlation with suicidal ideation ( r = 0.35). Hopelessness and suicidal intent had a more significant positive correlation ( r = 0.54), as compared to depression and hopelessness ( r = 0.43). Conclusion: More than half of the older persons in Kashmir had depression with superimposed hopelessness which is an important risk factor of suicidal ideation.

Prevalence of otomycosis in Khouzestan Province, south-west Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Saki ◽  
A Rafiei ◽  
S Nikakhlagh ◽  
N Amirrajab ◽  
S Saki
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South West ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackground:This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of otomycosis and aetiological agents in Khouzestan province, south-west Iran.Methods:This cross-sectional study examined and cultured 881 swabs from suspected external otitis cases, collected from throughout Khouzestan province. Fungal agents were identified by slide culture and complementary tests when necessary.Results:The mean patient age was 37 years. The 20–39 year age group had the highest prevalence of otomycosis: 293 cases, comprising 162 (55.3 per cent) women and 131 (44.7 per cent) men. The seasonal distribution of cases was: summer, 44.7 per cent; autumn, 28.7 per cent; winter, 14.7 per cent; and spring, 11.9 per cent. The fungal agents isolated were Aspergillus niger (67.2 per cent), Aspergillus flavus (13 per cent), Candida albicans (11.6 per cent), Aspergillus fumigatus (6.2 per cent) and penicillium species (2 per cent).Conclusion:Fungal otomycosis is still one of the most important external ear diseases. In this study in south-west Iran, Aspergillus niger was the predominant aetiological agent. However, clinicians should be cautious of candidal otomycosis, which has a lower rate of incidence but is more prevalent among 20–39 year olds.

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