scholarly journals Development of a Liquid Scintillator Using Water for a Next Generation Neutrino Experiment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Heang So ◽  
Kyung Kwang Joo ◽  
Ba Ro Kim ◽  
Bong Keon Kim ◽  
Seung Chan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Neutrino Experiment ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
New Type ◽  
Neutrino Experiments

A feasibility study on a new type of liquid scintillator based on water has been performed. Mainly due to the differences in polarities between water and oil, organic solvents are not mixed in water. In order to make a liquid scintillator based on water, a surfactant that contains hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups is used. The surfactant keeps water and organic solvents apart in solution. Good physical and optical parameters and long-term stability are required to use liquid scintillator based on water in massive detector for the next generation neutrino experiments. In this paper, we report the characteristics and the possibility of liquid scintillators using water with various new surfactants.

A Review of Preparation and Tribological Applications of Pickering Emulsion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Yichen Bao ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Quan Zheng ◽  
Lulu Yao ◽  
Yufu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Pickering emulsion is a new type of stable emulsion made by ultra-fine solid particles instead of traditional surfactants as stabilizers, which has received widespread attention in recent years. The preparation methods of stator-rotor homogenization, high-pressure homogenization, and ultrasonic emulsification were compared with others in this work. The main factors affecting the stability of Pickering emulsion are the surface humidity of the solid particles, the polarity of the oil phase, and the oil-water ratio. These factors could affect the nature of the solid particles, the preparation process of Pickering emulsion and the external environment. Consequently, the long-term stability of Pickering emulsion is still a challenge. The tribological investigations of Pickering emulsion were summarized, and the multifunctional Pickering emulsion shows superior prospects for tribological applications. Moreover, the latest development of Pickering emulsion offers a new strategy for smart lubrication in the near future.

scholarly journals Reactor neutrino experiments: θ13 and beyond

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (16) ◽  
pp. 1430016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qian ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
New Physics ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
Neutrino Experiment ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Neutrino Mixing ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Reactor Neutrino ◽  
Neutrino Experiments

We review the current-generation short-baseline reactor neutrino experiments that have firmly established the third neutrino mixing angle θ13 to be nonzero. The relative large value of θ13 (around 9°) has opened many new and exciting opportunities for future neutrino experiments. Daya Bay experiment with the first measurement of [Formula: see text] is aiming for a precision measurement of this atmospheric mass-squared splitting with a comparable precision as [Formula: see text] from accelerator muon neutrino experiments. JUNO, a next-generation reactor neutrino experiment, is targeting to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy (MH) with medium baselines (~ 50 km). Beside these opportunities enabled by the large θ13, the current-generation (Daya Bay, Double Chooz, and RENO) and the next-generation (JUNO, RENO-50, and PROSPECT) reactor experiments, with their unprecedented statistics, are also leading the precision era of the three-flavor neutrino oscillation physics as well as constraining new physics beyond the neutrino Standard Model.

scholarly journals Natural Heterogeneous Catalysis with Immobilised Oxidase Biocatalysts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley P. Mattey ◽  
Jack J. sangster ◽  
Christopher Baldwin ◽  
Jeremy I. Ramsden ◽  
William R. Birmingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Choline Oxidase ◽  
Galactose Oxidase ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Resistance To Heat

Characterisation of immobilised oxidase biocatalysts allowing multifunctional oxidation of valuable chemicals is described. Engineered galactose oxidase (GOase) variants M1 and M3-5, an engineered choline oxidase (AcCO6) and monoamine oxidase (MAO-N D9) displayed long-term stability and reusability over several weeks when covalently attached on solid support, outperforming their free counterparts in terms of stability, resistance to heat, and tolerance to neat organic solvents. While immobilisation of oxidase biocatalysts improves properties that are critical for industrial implementation, they additionally showed versatility as the biocatalyst batches can be recovered, washed and reused multiple times for the oxidation of different substrates.

Feasibility study of a reference material for water chemistry: Long term stability of triazine and phenylurea residues stored in vials or on polymeric sorbents

2006 ◽  
Vol 1123 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Deplagne ◽  
Jérôme Vial ◽  
Valérie Pichon ◽  
Béatrice Lalere ◽  
Gilles Hervouet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Polymeric Sorbents

Flexible metal nanowire-parylene C transparent electrodes for next generation optoelectronic devices

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2425-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Ahn ◽  
Donghwa Lee ◽  
Youngjun Jeong ◽  
Hyungjin Lee ◽  
Youngu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Optoelectronic Properties ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Transparent Electrodes ◽  
Parylene C ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Flexible Metal ◽  
Metal Nanowire

Metal nanowire-parylene C transparent electrodes exhibited outstanding optoelectronic properties as well as excellent long-term stability and flexibility.

Tautomerism in N-confused porphyrins as the basis of a novel fiber-optic humidity sensor

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Zilbermann ◽  
Eli Meron ◽  
Eric Maimon ◽  
Leonid Soifer ◽  
Lior Elbaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Humidity Range

It is shown that N -confused porphyrins exhibit tautomerism not only in organic solvents, as already reported, but also after incorporation in dry/humid Nafion films. This allows the development of a new fiber-optic humidity sensor which exhibits long-term stability and a linear response over the humidity range 0 to at least 4000 ppm.

Multi-Functional High-Performance Cement Based Composite

2016 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Bažantová ◽  
Karel Kolář ◽  
Petr Konvalinka ◽  
Jiří Litoš
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
New Type ◽  
Good Workability

The paper introduces development of new type of high-performance Portland cement based composite applicable for number of practical utilization. The fundaments of performed research was to design mixture with controlled process of hydration, easy production, suitable time of setting, good workability and rapid evolution of mechanical properties as well as satisfactory long-term stability of hardened composite. Selected mixture were evaluated by means of mechanical properties and volume changes determination.

Design and Application of High-Efficiency and Energy-Saving Liner in Coal Pulverizer

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 237-240
Author(s):  
Xiang Lu ◽  
Li Jun Ren
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Wave Crest ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
New Type ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Grinding Efficiency

The process of liner wear and the changing characteristics of the ability of crushing and grinding in the coal pulverizer are analyzed, a new type of cylinder liner is developed, which has a multi-step wave crest. The small balls on the liner are stuck by the steps, in this way, the wear of the liner wave crest is lightened, so it can keep a long-term stability, it also can take the balls to a reasonable height, increase the number of the balls which are taken by the wave crest and make the dropping points scattered, as result of that, it substantially increased the coal pulverizer's crushing and grinding efficiency; Also the wave crest of the liner can be dismantled from the base plate and individually replaced, so it made a great reduce in the material consumption of liner. The test shows that, with appropriate use of the balls, the liner can reduce the ball charge by 35-50%, reduce power consumption by 30-40%，it also can keep the coal pulverizer's output and improve milling fineness.

scholarly journals LEPTON NUMBERS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF NEUTRINO MIXING

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 3931-3949 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. BILENKY ◽  
C. GIUNTI
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrino ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Neutrino Experiment ◽  
Neutrino Mixing ◽  
Dirac Particles ◽  
New Type ◽  
Massive Neutrinos ◽  
Neutrino Experiments

In this short review we discuss the notion of lepton numbers. The strong evidence in favor of neutrino oscillations obtained recently in the super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino experiment and in solar neutrino experiments imply that the law of conservation of family lepton numbers Le, Lμ and Lτ is strongly violated. We consider the states of flavor neutrinos νe, νμ and ντ and we discuss the evolution of these states in space and time in the case of nonconservation of family lepton numbers due to the mixing of light neutrinos. We discuss and compare different flavor neutrino discovery experiments. We stress that experiments on the search for νμ→ντ and νe→ντ oscillations demonstrated that the flavor neutrino ντ is a new type of neutrino, different from νe and νμ. In the case of neutrino mixing, the lepton number (only one) is connected with the nature of massive neutrinos. Such a conserved lepton number exists if massive neutrinos are Dirac particles. We review possibilities to check in future experiments whether the conserved lepton number exists.

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