scholarly journals Salivary Desmoglein Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Noninvasive Alternative Test to Serum Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Mortazavi ◽  
Alireza Khatami ◽  
Zahra Seyedin ◽  
Iman Vasheghani Farahani ◽  
Maryam Daneshpazhooh
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Noninvasive Methods ◽  
Alternative Test ◽  
Control Study

Background. Serum desmoglein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used for the diagnosis and monitoring of pemphigus diseases.Objectives. To compare the diagnostic accuracy of salivary antidesmoglein (Dsg) 1 and 3 ELISA in the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients with that of serum desmogleins ELISA.Methods. Eighty-six untreated PV patients and 180 age- and sex-matched PV-free controls were recruited in this case-control study. PV was diagnosed based on clinical, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence findings. After processing, serum and salivary anti-Dsg 1 and 3 were measured by the ELISA method using Euroimmun kit (Lübeck, Germany).Results. Using the cut-off point of 20 relative units (RU)/mL, the serum anti-Dsg 1 and 3 ELISA were positive in 62 (72.1%) and 83 (96.5%) patients, respectively, and the salivary anti-Dsg 1 and 3 ELISA were positive in 31 (36.1%) and 63 (73.3%) patients, respectively. The specificity of salivary anti-Dsg 1 and anti-Dsg 3 were both 98.9%. Optimal cut-off values of 7.7 and 13.4 RU/mL were determined for the salivary anti-Dsg 1 and anti-Dsg 3 ELISA, respectively.Conclusion. Salivary anti-Dsg 1 and 3 ELISA with high specificities (98.9%) could be suggested as safe and noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of PV when obtaining a blood sample is difficult.

scholarly journals Serum interleukin-30 level in patients with psoriasis and its correlation with psoriasis severity: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110040
Author(s):  
Nergez Sabah Omar ◽  
Xinxin Long ◽  
Jiayi Xian ◽  
Henok Kessete Afewerky ◽  
Saeed Ghulam Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Psoriasis Severity ◽  
Control Study

Objectives To examine the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-30 in patients with psoriasis and evaluate the correlations with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Methods Serum was collected from 26 patients with psoriasis and 26 healthy controls in a case–control setting, and the level of IL-30 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis of the IL-30 levels among groups and further correlation analyses of IL-30 levels with PASI scores were performed. Results A significant increase in the level of IL-30 in patients with psoriasis compared with healthy controls was observed. In addition, a positive correlation between the IL-30 concentration and PASI scores was found in patients with psoriasis. Conclusion IL-30 is presumably involved in the proliferation of epidermal cells during the development of psoriasis. Further studies with a larger number of participants are required to comprehensively elucidate the biological roles of IL-30 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

scholarly journals Anti-CCP Antibody Levels Are Not Associated with MS: Results from a Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Alpayci ◽  
Aysel Milanlioglu ◽  
Veysel Delen ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Aydin ◽  
Huseyin Guducuoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Citrullinated Proteins ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Citrullinated Peptide ◽  
Control Study

Citrullinated proteins have been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody is used in the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-CCP antibody in patients with MS compared to RA patients and healthy controls. Fifty patients with MS (38 females, 12 males; mean age 36.72 ± 8.82 years), 52 patients with RA (40 females, 12 males; mean age 40.87 ± 10.17 years), and 50 healthy controls (32 females, 18 males; mean age 38.22 ± 11.59 years) were included in this study. The levels of serum anti-CCP antibody were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of the study showed that anti-CCP antibody levels were significantly higher in RA patients versus MS or healthy controls(P<0.001). Moreover, anti-CCP antibody was positive in 43 (83%) patients with RA, while it was negative in all MS patients as well as in all healthy controls. Also, no significant correlation was found between the anti-CCP levels and EDSS scores(r=-0.250). In conclusion, the results of this study did not support a positive association between serum anti-CCP antibody and MS.

scholarly journals Ecological and behavioural risk factors of scrub typhus in central Vietnam: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanh Thi Duc Tran ◽  
Jan Hattendorf ◽  
Hung Manh Do ◽  
Thanh Tien Hoang ◽  
Hang Thi Hai Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The risk factors for scrub typhus in Vietnam remain unknown. Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi often presents as an undifferentiated febrile illness and remains under appreciated due to the limited availability of diagnostic tests. This tropical rickettsial illness is increasingly recognized as an important cause of non-malaria acute undifferentiated fever in Asia. This study aimed to investigate behavioural and ecological related risk factors of scrub typhus to prevent this potentially life-threatening disease in Vietnam. Methods We conducted a clinical hospital-based active surveillance study, and a retrospective residence-enrolment date-age-matched case–control study in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam, from August 2018 to March 2020. Clinical examinations, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgM tests were applied to define cases and controls. All enrolled participants filled out a questionnaire including demographic socio-economic status, personal behaviors/protective equipment, habitat connections, land use, and possible exposure to the vector. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to define the scrub typhus associated risk factors. Results We identified 44 confirmed cases and matched them with 152 controls. Among cases and controls, the largest age group was the 41–50 years old and males accounted for 61.4% and 42.8%, respectively. There were similarities in demographic characteristics between the two groups, with the exception of occupation. Several factors were significantly associated with acquisition of scrub typhus, including sitting/laying directly on household floor [adjusted OR (aOR) = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.6–15.1, P = 0.006], household with poor sanitation/conditions (aOR = 7.9, 95% CI: 1.9–32.9, P = 0.005), workplace environment with risk (aOR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2–7.6, P = 0.020), always observing mice around home (aOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.4–9.9, P = 0.008), and use of personal protective equipment in the field (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1–1.1, P = 0.076). Conclusions Ecological and household hygiene-related factors were more associated with scrub typhus infection, than individual-level exposure activities in the hyper-endemic area. These findings support local education and allow people to protect themselves from scrub typhus, especially in areas with limitations in diagnostic capacity. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals The circulating levels of CTRP5 and the ratio of CTRP1 to CTRP5 plasma levels are significant predictors for cIMT value in patients with type 2 diabetes: A case-control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziba Majidi ◽  
Abolfazl Omidifar ◽  
Solaleh Emamgholipour ◽  
Soheil Rahmani Fard ◽  
Hossein Poustchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Visceral Adiposity Index ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: There is growing evidence that the C1qTNF-related protein (CTRP) family has a crucial role in the physiology and pathophysiology of metabolic disorders such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and obesity. We sought to identify the association of CTRP1 and CTRP5 circulating levels with various obesity parameters such as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in patients with T2D and healthy subjects. Methods: This case-control study recruited subjects with T2D patients (n=42) as case group (all men) and without T2D (n=42) as controls (all men). cIMT and VAT thickness measurement was performed using an Accuvix XQ ultrasound. Circulating CTRP1 and CTRP5 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: CTRP-1 and CTRP1/CTRP5 ratio were markedly higher in patients with T2D compared to controls (p < 0001 and p = 0004 respectively). Interestingly, binominal logistic regression revealed that a higher circulating level of CTRP1 was associated with the presence of T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 13203.554 [95% CI: 65.186-2674407.708]; P=.000). When considering the study population as a whole, CTRP1 circulating levels were correlated with WHR, VAT, and HOMA-IR. Also, we observed that the ratio of CTRP1 to CTRP5 plasma levels (β = 0.648, P=0.005) and CTRP5 circulating levels (β = 0.444, P=0.049) are significant predictors for cIMT value. Conclusions: Our results indicated that CTRP1 and CTRP5 concentrations were correlated with atherosclerosis in human subjects and these adipokines might have a causal role for cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetes disease

scholarly journals Fascin-1 and its role as a serological marker in prostate cancer: a prospective case–control study

2021 ◽  
pp. FSO745
Author(s):  
Octavian Sabin Tătaru ◽  
Orsolya Martha ◽  
Felice Crocetto ◽  
Biagio Barone ◽  
Septimiu Voidazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Control Study

Aim: This study aims to investigate any modification of serological FSCN1 in prostate cancer patients compared with patients without neoplasia. Material & methods: Clinical data and blood specimens from patients with and without prostate cancer were obtained. A quantitative sandwich ELISA method was used to determine serological values of FSCN1. Results: Although serum values of FSCN1 were dissimilar in the two cohorts of patients (6.90 vs 7.33 ng/ml), the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.20). Serum values of FSCN1 stratified for Gleason score groups were not significantly distinguishable (p = 0.65). A negative correlation (rho = -0.331; p = 0.009) was reported between FSCN1 and age. Conclusion: Further studies are required to evaluate a possible diagnostic role of FSCN1 in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Apelin 13 and Blood Pressure, Is there any Association in Pre-eclampsia? - A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Gandham ◽  
CD Dayanand ◽  
SR Sheela
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder, characterised by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia is the leading cause of maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality. The exact cause of pre-eclampsia is not known clearly and needs to be explored. Aim: To evaluate the maternal serum apelin 13 levels among pre-eclampsia and healthy pregnant women and also, to find the association between apelin 13 and blood pressure. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted between Department of Biochemistry and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RL Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Kolar, Karnataka, India. After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and written informed consent from study subjects, a total of 270 pregnant women were recruited for this study. Among them, 135 pre-eclamptic women were considered as cases and 135 normotensive healthy pregnant women served as controls. According to the pre-eclampsia severity, cases were grouped into mild (n=47) and severe pre-eclampsia (n=88). Blood samples were collected from all the study subjects and was analysed for apelin 13 by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Maternal and foetal adverse outcomes were recorded. Results were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD). Categorical variables were expressed in percentages. Spearman’s correlation was applied and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean gestational age was 36.66±3.69 weeks which was, significantly low in pre-eclamptic women compared with healthy pregnant women. BMI (26.94±3.81 kg/m2), systolic (157.82±15.14 mmHg), diastolic (101.68±11.02 mmHg) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) (120.20±11.12 mmHg), pulse rate (88.14±5.82 bpm), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) (25.25±12.49 IU/L) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) (19.01±10.95 IU/L) were significantly increased in pre-eclamptic women when compared with control group. Mean maternal serum apelin 13 (341.44±218.63 pg/mL) concentrations were significantly lower in pre-eclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women. Maternal serum apelin 13 concentrations were negatively correlated with Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (r = -0.196), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (r = -0.172) and MAP (r =-0.204). Adverse maternal outcomes such as epigastric pain 75 (55.55%), oedema 62 (45.92%) and persistent headache 35 (25.92%) were higher in pre-eclamptic group. Additionally, adverse foetal outcomes were more in pre-eclamptic cases including significantly decreased birth weight (2.40±0.65), babies requiring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission were 54 (40%), preterm birth (≤37 wks) in 50 (37.03%), Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) 31 (22.96%), Small for Gestational Age (SGA) in 4 (2.96%) and Intra Uterine Death (IUD) in 11 (8.14%) babies. Conclusion: It was concluded from the present study that there was low maternal serum apelin 13 concentrations in pre-eclampsia and had negative correlation with blood pressure, suggesting its potential role in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.

Are Anti-β2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies Associated with Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications? A Nested Case–Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Skeith ◽  
Karim Abou-Nassar ◽  
Mark Walker ◽  
Tim Ramsay ◽  
Ronald Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Control Study

Background While anti-β2 glycoprotein 1 (anti-β2GP1) antibody positivity is included in the diagnostic criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), the association between anti-β2GP1 and the obstetrical complications of APS has been inconsistently reported and remains unclear. Objective We completed a case–control study nested within the Canadian Ottawa and Kingston (OaK) Birth Cohort to evaluate the association between anti-β2GP1 antibody positivity and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Study Design Five hundred cases were randomly selected among pregnant women who experienced any of the following independently adjudicated placenta-mediated pregnancy complications: preeclampsia, placental abruption, late pregnancy loss (≥ 12 weeks' gestation), and birth of a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant < 10th percentile. Five hundred pregnant women without any placenta-mediated pregnancy complications were selected as controls. Stored blood samples were analyzed for the presence of anti-β2GP1 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Anti-β2GP1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in titers ≥ 20 G/M units (> 99th percentile) were present in 24 of 497 (4.8%) of controls and 33 of 503 (6.6%) of cases. There was no significant difference between cases and controls for the composite outcome of any placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (odds ratio, 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8–2.37, p = 0.25). Conclusion Our results call into question the association between anti-β2GP1 antibodies and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, with further research needed.

scholarly journals The Clinical Accuracy of the BÜHLMANN fCAL ELISA in the Differentiation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease From Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Multicenter Prospective Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A Berinstein ◽  
Calen A Steiner ◽  
Athos Bousvaros ◽  
Felix P Tiongco ◽  
Eugene Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Abstract Background Fecal calprotectin (fCAL) is a noninvasive biomarker used to differentiate between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods A multicenter prospective case–control study evaluating the BÜHLMANN fCAL enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted in 478 subjects. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and area under the receiver operator characteristic (AuROC) curve are reported and compared to another device. Results In differentiating IBD from IBS, the BÜHLMANN fCAL ELISA is very sensitive (93.3%) at a cutoff &lt;80 μg/g and balanced sensitivity (84.4%) and specificity (85.4%) at a cutoff &gt;160 μg/g (AuROC 0.933). Conclusions The BÜHLMANN fCAL ELISA demonstrates excellent discriminating between IBD and IBS.

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