scholarly journals Human Elimination of Organochlorine Pesticides: Blood, Urine, and Sweat Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Genuis ◽  
Kevin Lane ◽  
Detlef Birkholz
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Endosulfan Sulfate ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Organochlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Dual Column ◽  
Electron Capture Detectors ◽  
Serum Testing

Background. Many individuals have been exposed to organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) through food, water, air, dermal exposure, and/or vertical transmission. Due to enterohepatic reabsorption and affinity to adipose tissue, OCPs are not efficiently eliminated from the human body and may accrue in tissues. Many epidemiological studies demonstrate significant exposure-disease relationships suggesting OCPs can alter metabolic function and potentially lead to illness. There is limited study of interventions to facilitate OCP elimination from the human body. This study explored the efficacy of induced perspiration as a means to eliminate OCPs.Methods. Blood, urine, and sweat (BUS) were collected from 20 individuals. Analysis of 23 OCPs was performed using dual-column gas chromatography with electron-capture detectors.Results. Various OCPs and metabolites, including DDT, DDE, methoxychlor, endrin, and endosulfan sulfate, were excreted into perspiration. Generally, sweat samples showed more frequent OCP detection than serum or urine analysis. Many OCPs were not readily detected in blood testing while still being excreted and identified in sweat. No direct correlation was found among OCP concentrations in the blood, urine, or sweat compartments.Conclusions. Sweat analysis may be useful in detecting some accrued OCPs not found in regular serum testing. Induced perspiration may be a viable clinical tool for eliminating some OCPs.

scholarly journals Measuring exposure to organochlorinated pesticides

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S177-S179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulnar Azevedo e Silva Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Organochlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Carcinogenic Agents

Environmental epidemiological investigations in cancer remain, with rare exceptions, inconclusive. The difficulties of establishing patterns of measurements of exposure in the human body is one of the limitations of these studies. The findings of six recent epidemiological studies that analyzed the association between organochlorinated compounds and breast cancer are reviewed in considering the problems of measuring environmental exposure through biological markers. The epidemiological evidence based on these studies do not indicate a risk of breast cancer related to organochlorines. Some aspects that may partially explain this absence of risk are discussed regarding the investigation of environmental carcinogenic agents in populations with low but homogeneously sprayed levels of exposure.

scholarly journals The Effect of Silver Nanofibers on the Deformation Properties of Blood Vessels: Towards the Development of New Nanotechnologies to Prevent Rupture of Aneurysms

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Gonzalez ◽  
Daniel Rivera ◽  
Alam Marcelino ◽  
Gabriela Agront ◽  
Rafael Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Failure Strength ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Clinically Significant

An aneurysm is the result of a widening or ballooning of a portion of a blood vessel. The rupture of an aneurysm occurs when the mechanical stress acting on the inner wall exceeds the failure strength of the blood vessel. We propose an innovative approach to prevent the rupture of an aneurysm based on the use of nanotechnology to improve the strength of the blood vessel. We present results on the effect of silver nanofibers on the resistance toward deformation of blood vessels. The silver nanofibers are grown on the surface of the blood vessels. The nanofibers are120±30 nm in diameter and2.7±0.8 μm in length. The deformation per applied force of blood vessels was found to decrease from 0.15 m/N in control blood vessels to 0.003 m/N in blood vessels treated with the nanofibers. This represents an increase in the resistance towards deformation of a factor of 50. The increase in the resistance towards deformation is clinically significant since blood pressure increases by factors slightly larger than one in the human body. Treatment of blood vessels with silver nanofibers is a potential translational clinical tool for preventing rupture of aneurysms in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals ADAPTASI BIOMOLEKULER HIPERTROPI JARINGAN OTOT RANGKA PADA LATIHAN BEBAN DAN MANFAATNYA PADA SINDROMA METABOLIK

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Repair Pathway ◽  
Catabolic Pathway ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

ABSTRACTWeight training is one of the exercises needed to achieve physical fitness. This exercise can increase muscle mass and metabolic function of the muscles so that it becomes an important exercise in the condition of the metabolic syndrome. Muscle is the largest hormone-sensitive tissue in the human body, this tissue consumes a lot of oxygen and consumes most of the glucose through the mediation of insulin. Weight training results in hypertrophy or increase in muscle mass and hyperplasia or increase in the number of muscle cells. Various biomolecular mechanisms can explain the hypertrophy and hyperplasia processes including the anabolic mTOR pathway, the catabolic pathway myostatin - Smad and the repair pathway by Satellite Cells. Understanding of the biomolecular process can provide a theoretical foundation in developing a weight training program so that the exercise becomes effective and safe.Keyword : weight training, metabolic syndrom, muscle hipertrophy

Keep Cell Phones and PDAs Away From EMG Sensors and the Human Body to Prevent Electromagnetic Interference Artifacts and Cancer

Biofeedback ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Mei Lin ◽  
Erik Peper
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Cell Phone Use ◽  
Physiological Signal

Abstract Cell phones produce electromagnetic interference (EMI), which can cause artifacts in physiological recordings and be misinterpreted by the clinician. This study investigated the possible effect of EMI (electrical artifact) on physiological recordings when cell phones are activated/ringing. The procedure consisted of placing the cell phone at varying distances from surface electromyographic sensors. Depending on the orientation of the cell phone's antenna, the EMI produced an artifact in the physiological signal for up to 175 cm (6 ft) that can be misinterpreted by the therapist. To avoid EMI artifacts, clients and therapists should turn off their cell phones when recording physiological signals. This means turning the cell phone off and not just switching it to vibrate. In addition, recent epidemiological studies suggest that long-term intensive cell phone use may increase the risk of gliomas, auditory tumors, and salivary tumors on the side of the head to which the person places the cell phone. Thus, to reduce artifacts and biological harm, the authors recommend keeping the cell phone away from the body and the biofeedback equipment.

scholarly journals Determination of Cæsium-137/Potassium Ratios in Diet and in the Human Body by Urine Analysis

Nature ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 191 (4793) ◽  
pp. 1100-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MORGAN ◽  
GLORIA M. ARKELL
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Urine Analysis

Effects of Acute Stress on Thrombosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (07) ◽  
pp. 662-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ohad Bentur ◽  
Galit Sarig ◽  
Benjamin Brenner ◽  
Giris Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Stress Reaction ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

AbstractStress, the nonspecific response to any demand for change, is an adaptive response of the human body to various stimulants. As such, stress-induced hypercoagulation may represent an adaptive response to bleeding. Numerous epidemiological studies have revealed that a correlation exists between stress and thrombotic risk and biochemically, links of the relationship between psychological stress and coagulation pathways have been made. The stress reaction is coupled with neurohormonal changes mediated mainly by the sympathetic neural system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Singling out the specific pathways affecting coagulation in this complex response is hampered by many confounders. The mediators of the stress reaction (neurotransmitters and hormones) can directly affect platelets and the coagulation cascade and indirectly affect hemostasis via changes in hemodynamics. In this review, the authors will delineate the distinct neurobiological mechanisms that govern the effects of stress on coagulation, and report their recent findings.

Microstructural comparison of synthetic bioceramics with natural bioceramics

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Shulin Wen ◽  
Jingwei Feng ◽  
A. Krajewski ◽  
A. Ravaglioli
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Laboratory Furnace ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
Synthetic Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Synthetic Work

Hydroxyapatite bioceramics has attracted many material scientists as it is the main constituent of the bone and the teeth in human body. The synthesis of the bioceramics has been performed for years. Nowadays, the synthetic work is not only focused on the hydroapatite but also on the fluorapatite and chlorapatite bioceramics since later materials have also biological compatibility with human tissues; and they may also be very promising for clinic purpose. However, in comparison of the synthetic bioceramics with natural one on microstructure, a great differences were observed according to our previous results. We have investigated these differences further in this work since they are very important to appraise the synthetic bioceramics for their clinic application.The synthetic hydroxyapatite and chlorapatite were prepared according to A. Krajewski and A. Ravaglioli and their recent work. The briquettes from different hydroxyapatite or chlorapatite powders were fired in a laboratory furnace at the temperature of 900-1300°C. The samples of human enamel selected for the comparison with synthetic bioceramics were from Chinese adult teeth.

Study on erythrocytes by SEM photogrammetry (SEMP) technique

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 724-725
Author(s):  
Tong Wensheng ◽  
Lu Lianhuang ◽  
Zhang Zhijun
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Normal Person ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
Computation Technique ◽  
Important Basis

This is a combined study of two diffirent branches, photogrammetry and morphology of blood cells. The three dimensional quantitative analysis of erythrocytes using SEMP technique, electron computation technique and photogrammetry theory has made it possible to push the study of mophology of blood cells from LM, TEM, SEM to a higher stage, that of SEM P. A new path has been broken for deeply study of morphology of blood cells.In medical view, the abnormality of the quality and quantity of erythrocytes is one of the important changes of blood disease. It shows the abnormal blood—making function of the human body. Therefore, the study of the change of shape on erythrocytes is the indispensable and important basis of reference in the clinical diagnosis and research of blood disease.The erythrocytes of one normal person, three PNH Patients and one AA patient were used in this experiment. This research determines the following items: Height;Length of two axes (long and short), ratio; Crevice in depth and width of cell membrane; Circumference of erythrocytes; Isoline map of erythrocytes; Section map of erythrocytes.

Ethnogeriatrics: Development and Application of the Cohort Analysis Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Melen McBride
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Practice Teaching ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Significant Factors

Ethnogeriatrics is an evolving specialty in geriatric care that focuses on the health and aging issues in the context of culture for older adults from diverse ethnic backgrounds. This article is an introduction to ethnogeriatrics for healthcare professionals including speech-language pathologists (SLPs). This article focuses on significant factors that contributed to the development of ethnogeriatrics, definitions of some key concepts in ethnogeriatrics, introduces cohort analysis as a teaching and clinical tool, and presents applications for speech-language pathology with recommendations for use of cohort analysis in practice, teaching, and research activities.

Reliability of the Conversational Interaction Coding Form When Applied to Natural Conversation of Individuals With Aphasia

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Pozzolo Coote ◽  
Jane Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Conversational Interaction ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Natural Conversation ◽  
Point To Point

Purpose: Development of valid and reliable outcome tools to document social approaches to aphasia therapy and to determine best practice is imperative. The aim of this study is to determine whether the Conversational Interaction Coding Form (CICF; Pimentel & Algeo, 2009) can be applied reliably to the natural conversation of individuals with aphasia in a group setting. Method: Eleven graduate students participated in this study. During a 90-minute training session, participants reviewed and practiced coding with the CICF. Then participants independently completed the CICF using video recordings of individuals with non-fluent and fluent aphasia participating in an aphasia group. Interobserver reliability was computed using matrices representative of the point-to-point agreement or disagreement between each participant's coding and the authors' coding for each measure. Interobserver reliability was defined as 80% or better agreement for each measure. Results: On the whole, the CICF was not applied reliably to the natural conversation of individuals with aphasia in a group setting. Conclusion: In an extensive review of the turns that had high disagreement across participants, the poor reliability was attributed to inadequate rules and definitions and inexperienced coders. Further research is needed to improve the reliability of this potentially useful clinical tool.

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