scholarly journals Development of QCM Biosensor with Specific Cow Milk Protein Antibody for Candidate Milk Adulteration Detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setyawan P. Sakti ◽  
Nur Chabibah ◽  
Senja P. Ayu ◽  
Masdiana C. Padaga ◽  
Aulanni’am Aulanni’am
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Reaction Cell ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Milk Adulteration

Adulteration of goat milk is usually done using cow’s milk product. Cow milk is used as it is widely available and its price is cheaper compared to goat milk. This paper shows a development of candidate tools for milk adulteration using cow milk. A quartz crystal microbalance immunosensor was developed using commercial crystal resonator and polyclonal antibody specific to cow milk protein. A specific protein at 208 KDa is found only in cow milk and does not exist in goat milk. The existence of this protein can be used as an indicator of cow milk content in a target solution. To detect the PSS 208 kDa protein, antibody specific to the PSS 208 was developed. The purified antibody was immobilized on top of the sensor surface on a polystyrene layer. The fraction of the immobilized antibody on the sensor was found at 1.5% of the given antibody. Using a static reaction cell, the developed immunosensor could detect the specific cow milk protein in buffer solution. The detection limit is 1 ppm. A linear relationship between frequency change and specific protein of cow milk concentration is found from a concentration of 1 ppm to 120 ppm.

scholarly journals A2 Bovine Milk and Caprine Milk as a Means of Remedy for Milk Protein Allergy

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Young W. Park ◽  
George F. W. Haenlein
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Caprine Milk ◽  
Low Levels

A new type of cow’s milk, called A2 milk, has appeared in the dairy aisles of supermarkets in recent years. Cows’ milk generally contains two major types of beta-casein as A1 and A2 types, although there are 13 genetic variants of β-casein: A1, A2, A3, A4, B, C, D, E, F, H1, H2, I and G. Studies have shown that A1 β-casein may be harmful, and A2 β-casein is a safer choice for human health especially in infant nutrition and health. The A2 cow milk is reportedly easier to digest and better absorb than A1 or other types of milk. The structure of A2 cow’s milk protein is more comparable to human breast milk, as well as milk from goats, sheep and buffalo. Digestion of A1 type milk produces a peptide called β-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7), which is implicated with adverse gastrointestinal effects on milk consumption. In addition, bovine milk contains predominantly αs1-casein and low levels or even absent in αs2-casein, whereby caprine milk has been recommended as an ideal substitute for patients suffering from allergies against cow milk protein or other food sources. Since goat milk contains relatively low levels of αs1-casein or negligible its content, and αs2-casein levels are high in the milk of most dairy goat breeds, it is logical to assume that children with a high milk sensitivity to αs1-casein should tolerate goat milk well. Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) is considered a common milk digestive and metabolic disorder or allergic disease with various levels of prevalence from 2.5% in children during the first 3 years of life to 12–30% in infants less than 3 months old, and it can go up to even as high as 20% in some countries. CMPA is an IgE-mediated allergy where the body starts to produce IgE antibodies against certain protein (allergens) such as A1 milk and αs1-casein in bovine milk. Studies have shown that ingestion of β-casein A1 milk can cause ischemic heart disease, type-1 diabetes, arteriosclerosis, sudden infant death syndrome, autism, schizophrenia, etc. The knowledge of bovine A2 milk and caprine αs2-casein has been utilized to rescue CMPA patients and other potential disease problems. This knowledge has been genetically applied to milk production in cows or goats or even whole herds of the two species. This practice has happened in California and Ohio, as well as in New Zealand, where this A2 cow milk has been now advanced commercially. In the USA, there have been even promotions of bulls, whose daughters have been tested homozygous for the A2 β-casein protein.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DE BETACICLODEXTRINA "SABOR CAPRINO" DO IOGURTE DE LEITE DE CABRA

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DEISY ALESSANDRA DRUNKLER ◽  
ROSEANE FETT ◽  
MARILDE T. BORDIGNON LUIZ
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Strawberry Flavor ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Sensorial Evaluation ◽  
And Control

Avaliou-se a influência da betaciclodextrina (beta-CD) na qualidade sensorial, na composição química e propriedades físicoquímicas (proteína, lipídios, sólidos totais, cinzas, acidez em ácido láctico, carboidratos totais e pH) do iogurte de leite de cabra, sabor morango. Para a avaliação sensorial utilizouse o teste de categoria. Os resultados demonstraram que houve diferença significativa ao nível de 1% de probabilidade entre os tratamentos teste e controle, para o iogurte contendo 0,40% de beta-CD, mostrando a eficiência da beta-CD na minimização do "sabor caprino" nesta concentração. As análises físico-químicas não apresentaram diferença estatística entre os tratamentos. O iogurte de leite de cabra adicionado de beta-CD pode tornar-se mais uma alternativa para o beneficiamento de leite de cabra e mais uma opção para indivíduos alérgicos às proteínas do leite de vaca. Abstract The influence of betaciclodextrin (betacd ) was evaluated in sensorial quality, chemical composition and physical chemical properties (protein, lipids, total solids, ashes, acidity in lactic acid, total carbohydrates and pH) of goat milk yogurt, strawberry flavor. For sensorial evaluation the category scale test was utilized. The results demonstrated significant differences at level of 1% probability between the test and control treatments, for the yogurt containing 0,40% of betaCD, showing the efficiency of betaCD in the minimization of the goaty flavor in this concentration. The physical chemical analysis didn’t show significant statistical difference between the treatments. The goat milk yogurt with addition of betaCD can become another alternative for goat milk processing and other option for allergic individuals to cow milk protein.

Rapid detection of cow milk adulteration/contamination in goat milk by a lateral flow colloidal gold immunoassay strip

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bochao Liu ◽  
Jinhong Si ◽  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Milk Adulteration ◽  
Milk Casein ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

AbstractCurrent available methods to detect cow milk adulteration or accidental contamination of goat milk are both laborious and time consuming. The aim of this technical research communication was to develop a simple, rapid, specific and sensitive method for quantitative detection of cow milk in goat milk. A competitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strip was developed using a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) labeled with colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for specifically binding to cow milk casein. The detection limit of this rapid detection was 0.07% of cow milk in goat milk, providing equal specificity and higher sensitivity when compared with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These result suggest that the established rapid GNPs-LFIA strip could be used for monitoring cow milk adulteration/contamination of goat milk.

Simultaneous determination of goat milk adulteration with cow milk and their fat and protein contents using NIR spectroscopy and PLS algorithms

LWT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 109427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elainy Virginia dos Santos Pereira ◽  
David Douglas de Sousa Fernandes ◽  
Mário César Ugulino de Araújo ◽  
Paulo Henrique Gonçalves Dias Diniz ◽  
Maria Inês Sucupira Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Adulteration

scholarly journals The Role of Bovine and Non-Bovine Milk in Cardiometabolic Health: Should We Raise the “Baa”?

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Jack Penhaligan ◽  
Sally D. Poppitt ◽  
Jennifer L. Miles-Chan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Although causality is yet to be confirmed, a considerable volume of research has explored the relationships between cow milk consumption, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Contrastingly, it has not been comprehensively examined whether milk of non-bovine origin can provide cardiometabolic protection. This narrative review outlines the marked differences in macronutrient composition, particularly protein and lipid content, and discusses how whole milk product (and individual milk ingredients) from different species could impact cardiometabolic health. There is some data, although primarily from compositional analyses, animal studies, and acute clinical trials, that non-bovine milk (notably sheep and goat milk) could be a viable substitute to cow milk for the maintenance, or enhancement, of cardiometabolic health. With a high content of medium-chain triglycerides, conjugated linoleic acid, leucine, and essential minerals, sheep milk could assist in the prevention of metabolic-related disorders. Similarly, albeit with a lower content of such functional compounds relative to sheep milk, goat and buffalo milk could be plausible counterparts to cow milk. However, the evidence required to generate nutritional recommendations for ‘non-bovine milk’ is currently lacking. Longer-term randomised controlled trials must assess how the bioactive ingredients of different species’ milks collectively influence biomarkers of, and subsequently incidence of, cardiometabolic health.

scholarly journals Preexposure prophylaxis of infants’ food allergy

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
S N Denisova ◽  
M Yu Belitskaya ◽  
T B Sentsova ◽  
V A Revyakina ◽  
O O Kirillova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Cow Milk Protein Allergy

Background. Till the present time the problem of food allergy remains to be the topical subject and demands further development of therapeutical and prevention programs, including diet therapy for nursing mothers. The work is aimed at clinical and immunological evaluating of diet therapy of mothers whose children have atopic dermatitis on the back of breast feeding only. Methods. There were 100 «mother and child» couples kept under observance, that were divided into two groups. All the children had atopic dermatitis (AD), associated to cow milk protein allergy. Nursing mothers from both the groups were treated by diet therapy according to which the cow milk in diet have been replaced either with goat milk of New Zealand origin (first group had 43 «mother and child» couples) or with nondairy products (second group had 57 «mother and child» couples). Effectiveness of diet therapy of nursing mothers has been evaluated by the dynamic of clinical and immunological symptoms of atopic dermatitis in 1-3 months from treatment beginning. Immunological effectiveness of the treatment has been evaluated by the dynamic of indexes of specific IgE and IgG antibodies to cow milk protein, β-lactoglobulin, casein, soy protein and goat milk protein and cytokines levels. Results. In the course of treatment, that included diet therapy of nursing mothers and antiallergic cure of infants, both the groups showed remission and saved breast feeding. Immunological evaluating of therapeutic intervention’s effectiveness revealed the improvement of total IgE, allergenspecific IgE and IgG antibodies to cow milk protein and its fractions, as well as to soy and goat milk protein in blood of all the children on the back of breast feeding. Moreover, complex therapy conduced decreasing of pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration in blood. Conclusion. These findings prove reasonability of dietary treatement for nursing mothers, whose children have atopic dermatitis, associated associated to cow milk protein allergy.

scholarly journals Effectual Gold Nanoprobe Sensor for Screening Cow Milk Adulteration in Goat Milk—Comparison With Conventional PCR

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Jose Manuel Llopis Ortiz ◽  
Christos Tsouknidas ◽  
Sophie Pytel ◽  
Spiridon Papatheodorou ◽  
Despina Vougiouklaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Detection Level ◽  
Milk Adulteration ◽  
Gold Nanoprobe

Different methods have been used to detect milk adulteration, but in recent years the use of nanomaterials has been introduced as an interesting tool, due to their optical properties. A gold nanoparticle (AuNP) probe application was developed in order to evaluate milk adulteration. The methodology relies on the colorimetric differentiation and the participation profiles of the hybridization DNA sequence with the AuNPs. Various concentrations, from 0.01 (traces) to 50%, of cows’ milk in goats’ milk samples were prepared for DNA extraction, further identification with the AuNPs and comparison with a conventional PCR. Also, a total of 40 dairy products from goat milk, commonly consumed in Greece, were tested. Negative and goat reaction mixtures showed a purplish coloured solution with a peak at > 570 nm, while samples containing bovine DNA had an absorbance closer to the characteristic peak of the AuNPs at 520-525 nm. Presence of bovine milk was detected even at traces level, achieving a detection level comparable to those achieved by conventional PCR. The use of AuNPs in milk products, provides a low-cost and easy-to-perform method and offers the possibility to detect fraudulent practices in various food matrices.

scholarly journals The estimation of efficiency of diet therapy in atopic dermatitis and food allergy in children

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
V A Revyakina ◽  
K G Sharapova ◽  
E YU Berezina ◽  
T B Sentsova ◽  
O YU Monosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Positive Skin

Background. Clinical and immunological estimation of efficiency of different special formulas in children with atopic dermatitis due to food allergy. Methods. Fifty four children with atopic dermatitis aged 0,5—3 years old were examined. Children were divided into three groups on the base of their diet therapy. The 1 st group included 15 patients on the hypoallergenic milk-free diet, the 2 nd group (18 patients) was fed by goat milk formula, and the 3 rd group (21 children) was fed by special formula with high hydrolyzed protein. The dynamics of serum levels of IgE and IgG antibodies to cow milk protein and its fractions, and dynamics of cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10) were measured during different types of diet therapy. Results. The positive skin changes during diet therapy included decrease of erythema, exudation and itching, gradual regression of rash. In 3 months of therapy complete clinical remission was achieved in 10 (66,7%) children in the 1 st group, in 14 (77,8%) children in the 2 nd group and in 15 (71,7%) children in the 3 rd group. The significant decrease of levels of IgG antibodies levels to cow milk protein and its fractions in children during different elimination diets was determined. The significant decrease of levels of specific IgE antibodies to cow milk protein (p

scholarly journals The dynamics of soluble apoptosis markers during diet therapy in infants with atopic dermatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
T B Sentsova ◽  
V A Revyakina ◽  
B S Kaganov ◽  
S N Denisova ◽  
I V Vorozhko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Apoptosis Markers

Background. To estimate the dynamics of soluble apoptosis markers in infants with atopic dermatitis for updating mechanisms of immunopathogenesis and improvement of diet therapy. Methods. We observed 66 bottle-fed infants aged 1,5—12 months old (boys -47, girls — 19) with atopic dermatitis (AD). The sensibilization to cow milk protein was revealed in all 66 infants. Detected allergen-specific IgG and IgE antibodies to cow milk protein, its fraction and goat milk protein were the reason to include infants into the 1st group and feed with hydrolyzed formula (27 infants). 39 infants in the 2nd group, who were not sensibilized to goat milk protein, were fed by goat milk based formula. Serum levels of soluble apoptosis markers (sCD153, caspase-8, sFas-L, caspase-9 and annexin-5) were measured by immunoenzyme method (ELISA). Results. The activation of signal apoptosis systems in infants with AD with increased levels of sFas-L и sCD153 was revealed. Levels of caspase-8 and caspase-9 were significantly lower than in control group, and reflected the impaired elimination of modified immmunocompetent cells. The level of annexin-5 was significantly lower in infants with AD than in control group. The estimation of the dynamics of investigated parameters during diet therapy showed significant increase of caspase-9 level in both groups. The level of caspase-8 was increased only in infants who were fed by goat milk formula. Levels of sFas-L, sCD153 and annexin-5 during diet treatment did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion. The results showed that sCD153, caspase-8, sFas-L, caspase-9 and annexin-5 play a role in the realization of allergic inflammation in infants with AD. The diet therapy with goat milk formula promotes more physiological repair of the effectory component of the apoptosis.

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