scholarly journals Pattern of Pediatric Dermatoses in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Poudyal ◽  
Annu Ranjit ◽  
Santosh Pathak ◽  
Nagendra Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Dermatology Clinic

Pediatric dermatoses are one of the most common presentations in a dermatology clinic and reflect the health and hygiene status of children. The incidence and severity of these skin lesions are influenced by geographical area, seasonal and cultural factors, and socioeconomic status. This study was done to show the prevalence of different pediatric dermatoses in a tertiary care hospital of Western Nepal. Chart reviews of children aged one day to 17 years, presenting to Universal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal, from 1 September 2014 to 30 august 2015, were done. Descriptive analysis and two-sided chi-square test were done. Among 23992 patients visiting the dermatology outpatient department (OPD), 5398 (22.5%) were of pediatric age groups (male/female: 1.2/1); most of them belonged to young teens and teenagers (n=3308; 61.3%). Three most common dermatoses were fungal infections (18.5%), eczema (14.4%), and acne (10.1%). Fungal infections (n=653; 65.4%) and acne (n=284; 51.9%) were common in males, whereas eczema (n=402; 51.7%) was more common in females. Fungal infection (P<0.001), eczema (P<0.001), pigmentation disorders (P<0.001), and acne (P<0.01) were significantly more during summer, while scabies was more in winter (P<0.001). Dermatophytosis, pyoderma, and warts comprised frequently occurring fungal, bacterial, and viral infections, respectively.

scholarly journals The prevalence of skin and venereal diseases among the geriatric patients attending in a tertiary care Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Mohd Nurul Alam ◽  
Md Anwar Husain ◽  
Ayesha Siddiqua ◽  
Zahir Uddin Mohammad Babar ◽  
Md Rashidul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Venereal Diseases ◽  
Eczematous Dermatitis

Background: The prevalence of skin and venereal diseases among geriatric populations generally differ in different countries and within various regions of a country depending upon social, economic, racial & environmental factor. The morbidity in elderly associated with skin and venereal diseases makes them an important public health problem. Very scanty literature was found on this geriatric problem in our country which is either disease based, community based or specified population group based. Objective: To assess the dermatological & venereal complaints of the elderly attending a dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 1303 geriatric patients who were 60 years and above and came to the OPD of dermatology & venereology department of Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over a period of 3½ year from January, 2014 to June, 2017. Data were collected on special proforma and analyzed with appropriate method. Results: Among 1303 patients 676 (51.88%) were male and 627 (48.12%) were female and most of the patients belonged to the age group 60-69 year (73.6%), mean age being 66.8 ± 7.06 year. The most commonly presented skin complaints were eczematous dermatitis (42.6%), fungal infection (19.14%), generalized pruritus (5.06%), seborrheic dermatitis (5.06%), urticaria (4.75%) and viral infections (4.29%) respectively. Tinea corporis (29.3%) was the most common of fungal infections and herpes zoster (82.14%) was the most frequent of viral infections. Conclusion: Eczematous dermatitis was found to be the most common noninfectious disease and fungal infection was the most common infectious disease in all age groups and genders. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.130-135

scholarly journals Pattern of Diseases Presenting in Dermatology OPD of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Sunil Shakya ◽  
Anurag Adhikari ◽  
Ayusha Poudel ◽  
Barun Babu Aryal ◽  
Sagar Mani Jha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Burden

Introduction: Dermatological conditions make up a significant burden of hospital visits. This study aims to calculate the prevalence of different dermatological conditions among OPD visits in a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, and describe the variation of those conditions with demographic variables and seasons. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively using the data collected in the OPD register of a tertiary level hospital from 14th April 2017 to 13th April 2018. Analysis was conducted using MS Excel 2016 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v25. Results: A total number of 24,332 OPD visits were recorded in the year. 54.3% of the visits were made by males and 45.7% by females and most common age group seeking dermatological consultation was 25 to 34 years. Noninfectious dermatoses were more common than infections. The most common noninfectious dermatoses were dermatitis/eczema, urticaria, angioedema and hypersensitivity, and pigmentary disorders in descending order of frequency. The common infectious dermatoses in decreasing order of frequency were fungal, viral, and parasitic/protozoal conditions. The infectious dermatoses were found to be significantly higher in males (p<0.05) while pigmentary disorders, urticaria and angioedema, autoimmune cutaneous disorders, disorders of pilosebaceous units and xerosis were significantly higher in females (p<0.05). Bacterial, fungal and viral infections, eczemas, urticarial/angioedema, papulosquamous disorders, xerosis, neoplasms and vasculitis showed significant seasonal variation. Conclusions: Eczemas and fungal infections are the most common dermatoses. Infectious dermatoses and several non-infectious dermatoses vary significantly with seasons.  

scholarly journals Assessment of Factors Associated with Dropout for Pentavalent Vaccine in Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Supri Raj Shrestha ◽  
B Shakya ◽  
R Oli
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pentavalent Vaccine

Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health measures as it has helped in huge reduction of disease, disability and death from different infectious diseases in children by protecting them from vaccine preventable diseases. The current study aimed to study factors associated with dropout for pentavalent vaccine in tertiary care hospital of Kathmandu. A longitudinal observational study using purposive sampling technique was conducted among 196 infants. The information was obtained using self-constructed structured questionnaire from parents visiting Community Medicine OPD of Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital. The information regarding socioeconomic characteristics of mother, gender of the infant, place of delivery of child, birth order and reasons for dropout of pentavalent third dose were taken. The dropout of third dose pentavalent vaccine was mainly seen in infant of parents living in rented house and according to gender wise, dropout was high among male infants. The different reasons for dropout of vaccine were busy parents, forgotten date, visit to other immunization centres and sick infants. Among these, the main reason for dropout of vaccine was due to infants getting sick during the time of immunization. The dropout rates between first and third dose of pentavalent vaccine were 26.3% and 30.4% respectively for two consecutive months and the overall dropout rate was 28.35%. Also, literacy level of the mother was directly associated with the immunization visit of the infant as, maximum number of infants of illiterate mother were absent for third dose of pentavalent vaccine as opposed to no absentee among master degree holding mothers. Thus, the present study provides valuable information regarding the factors associated with dropout for pentavalent vaccine.

scholarly journals Impact of Running a Behavior Therapy Room for Various Categories of Urinary Incontinence Cases in Different Age Groups in Obstetrics-Gynecology Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Vanita Jain ◽  
Puja Dudeja
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Kegel Exercises ◽  
Therapy Room ◽  
Trained Staff

ABSTRACT Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) affects > 60% women. Its management is simple with the use of Kegel exercises. However, very few studies have been done in India about this problem and its solution. Objective To assess the impact of running a behavior therapy room (BTR) for various categories of UI cases in different age groups in obstetrics gynecology outpatient department (OBG-OPD) of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods Patients of UI were referred from gynecology OPD to BTR. There was trained staff available in BTR to teach Kegel exercises and related behavior therapy to the patients. Records of the patients were maintained. Follow-up was done through phone calls and personal visits of UI patients. Results A total of 251 cases were registered in BTR over 2 years. Overall 126 patients got relief from urine incontinence and prolapse of pelvic floor organs after BT. Conclusion Establishment of a separate room (BTR) with trained staff can be done in OBG department to teach Kegel exercises and to provide relief to women suffering from UI and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Recommendation Behavior therapy room should be established in gynecology OPDs of all hospitals. How to cite this article Kaur T, Dudeja P, Sharma M, Jain V, Singh A. Impact of Running a Behavior Therapy Room for Various Categories of Urinary Incontinence Cases in Different Age Groups in Obstetrics-Gynecology Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(4):159-163.

scholarly journals Role of therapeutic phlebotomy in management of case of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) admitted in tertiary care hospital Vadodara  

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Ashu Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Skin Symptoms ◽  
Characteristic Clinical Feature

Porphyria cutanea tarda is the most frequent type of Porphyria worldwide & presents with skin symptoms mainly. Porphyrias can affect peripheral, autonomic and central nervous system. In Porphyria conditions there is accumulation of heme precursors 5 Aminolevulinic acid, Porphobilinogen and porphyrins which are associated with characteristic clinical feature with acute neurovisceral attacks and skin lesions. This case report summarizes Case of PCT that was successfully managed with Therapeutic Phlebotomy.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY AND CAUSES OF PERINATAL MORTALITY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Maimoona Qadir ◽  
Sohail Amir ◽  
Samina Jadoon ◽  
Muhammad Marwat
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Perinatal Mortality Rate

Background: Perinatal mortality rate indicates quality of care provided during pregnancy and delivery to the mother and to the neonate in its early neonatal period. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and causes of perinatal mortality in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016. The inclusion criteria was all singleton gestation with gestational age of at least 24 weeks presenting with perinatal mortality. Data was collected for the following variables; age groups (up to 20 years, 21-30 years, 31-40 years and > 40 years), booking status (yes/ no), period of gestation (24-31+6, 32-36+6, 37-39+6 and > 40 weeks), Foetal weight ( 3.5 kg) and cause of perinatal mortality. Results: Out of 4508 deliveries there were 288 perinatal deaths, including 228 stillbirths and 60 neonatal deaths, so perinatal mortality rate was 63.8/1000 births. 90.28% women were unbooked. Most common cause was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (27.78%) followed by antepartum haemorrhage (25.71%) and then mechanical causes (13.88%). Congenital anomalies comprised 11.8% cases, neonatal problems 10.07% and maternal medical disorders for 4.16% cases. Cause of 4.16% cases remained unexplained. Conclusion: Appropriate strategies like control of identifiable causes, proper antenatal and postnatal care, healthy delivery practices and availability of emergency neonatal care facilities can bring down perinatal mortality rates.

scholarly journals Clinico-Demographic Profile and Pregnancy Outcome in Placenta Previa: A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
Husneyara Haque ◽  
Upendra Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Hospital

Introduction: Placenta previa is an obstetric complication which causes considerable maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality during pregnancy. This study is done with the objective to find out the clinico-demographic factors associated with placenta previa and to analyze maternal and perinatal outcome in these cases. Methods: This was a retrospective study done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepalgunj, a tertiary care hospital from Midwestern Nepal. Relevant data were retrieved from maternity register from June 2015 to May 2017. All women who had undergone caesarean section for placenta previa were included in this study. Result: Out of total 5812 deliveries during the study period there were 50 caesarian sections done for placenta previa which is 0.86% of total deliveries. Maximum number of mothers belonged to 26- 30 years of age group. Commonest type of placenta previa was minor type. About 72% were multiparous. 20% had previous LSCS and 24% had previous abortion. Postpartum hemorrhage was present in 36% mothers and 32% received blood transfusion. About 64% new born were preterm and low birth weight. 34% babies had less than 7 apgar score at 5 min. Still births were 6%. Conclusion: Placenta previa poses greater risk and need of blood transfusion to mother as well as birth of preterm and low birth weight babies which leads to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Timely diagnosis, regular antenatal check up and effective management may improve pregnancy outcome.

Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species Isolated in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Sylhet

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Osul Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Moynul Hoque ◽  
Syed Anwarul Hoque ◽  
Sultana Mehnaz Rahman Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

The rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance in major uropathogens has created a global threat especially in the developing countries. In Bangladesh, prescribers of different regions generally diagnose microbial infection on clinical judgment and select antimicrobial on empirical basis, which unfavorably affects the sensitivity pattern of microbes. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species isolated from patients with UTI in a tertiary care hospital. This was a cross sectional study conducted at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet from 1st January to 31st December 2016. A total of 200 clinically suspected urinary tract infection patients aged 16-85 years were included in this study. The isolated Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility according to the guideline of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2011 using the modified Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion technique. Out of 107 pus cell positive ( 05/HPF) urine samples, 75 (70.1%) yielded significant bacteriuria of which 49 (65.3%) were Escherichia coli and 9 (12%) were Klebsiella species. The isolated Escherichia coli showed absolutely high resistance to ampicillin and cefuroxime (100%), moderately high resistance to ceftazidime (81.6%), ciprofloxacin (77.6%), cotrimoxazole (75.5%), cefotaxime (67.4%) and ceftriaxone (59.2%), moderate rate of resistance to amikacin 48.9% and imipenem 46.9% and least rate of resistance to gentamicin (22.5%), nitrofurantion (22.5%) and netilmicin (6.1%). In addition, Klebsiella species revealed completely resistance to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime (100%), moderately high resistance to imipenem (88.9%), nitrofurantoin (77.8%), moderate resistance to ciprofloxacin (44.4%), amikacin (33.3%) and gentamicin (33.3%) and least resistance to netilmicin (11.1%). Hence very high resistance rates of 1st line drugs found in uropathigenic Escherichia coli & Klebsiella species, it is necessary to diagnose clinically followed by culture and sensitivity testing. Regular antibiotic surveillance of a particular geographical area is required to establish reliable information regarding susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in order to preserve the continued usefulness of most antimicrobial agents.Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(2): 61-66

scholarly journals Increase of Antimicrobial Consumption in a Tertiary Care Hospital during the First Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Alexandre Castro-Lopes ◽  
Sofia Correia ◽  
Cátia Leal ◽  
Inês Resende ◽  
Pedro Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Admission Type

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic poses novel challenges in antimicrobial consumption metrics and stewardship strategies. COVID-19 patients became the major cause of hospital admission during the first wave of the pandemic, often leading to an antimicrobial prescription upon admission or treatment for superinfections. The aim of this study was to understand how antimicrobial consumption was impacted at the beginning of the pandemic in a tertiary care hospital, a reference center for COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A retrospective before-and-after study was done. Descriptive statistics of discharges, patient-days, and antimicrobial use indicators (defined daily doses (DDD)/100 discharges, DDD/100 patient-days) for various groups were calculated for the first three months of the pandemic (March, April, and May 2020) as a quarterly value, and for each year in 2011–2019, and their annual percentage changes were used to estimate 95% confidence intervals. The indicators were compared to patient type (medical/surgical), type of admission (urgent/elective), and age groups using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: Statistically significant increases occurred in 2020 for total antibacterials, macrolides, cephalosporins, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, carbapenems, meropenem, and third-generation cephalosporins, while a reduction was seen in cefazolin/cefoxitin. A correlation was found between antibacterial consumption and patient or admission type. In 2020, unlike in pre-pandemic years, there was a different impact in DDD/100 discharges and DDD/100 patient-days due to increased lengths-of-stay and longer antimicrobial therapy. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in antimicrobial consumption with a different impact in DDD/100 discharges and DDD/100 patient-days. This highlights the need to use both indicators simultaneously to better understand the causes of antimicrobial consumption variation and improve the design of effective antimicrobial stewardship interventions.

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