scholarly journals Dengue Fever: Causes, Complications, and Vaccine Strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyati Khetarpal ◽  
Ira Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Demographic Distribution ◽  
The Impact

Dengue is a highly endemic infectious disease of the tropical countries and is rapidly becoming a global burden. It is caused by any of the 4 serotypes of dengue virus and is transmitted within humans through femaleAedesmosquitoes. Dengue disease varies from mild fever to severe conditions of dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Globalization, increased air travel, and unplanned urbanization have led to increase in the rate of infection and helped dengue to expand its geographic and demographic distribution. Dengue vaccine development has been a challenging task due to the existence of four antigenically distinct dengue virus serotypes, each capable of eliciting cross-reactive and disease-enhancing antibody response against the remaining three serotypes. Recently, Sanofi Pasteur’s chimeric live-attenuated dengue vaccine candidate has been approved in Mexico, Brazil, and Philippines for usage in adults between 9 and 45 years of age. The impact of its limited application to the public health system needs to be evaluated. Simultaneously, the restricted application of this vaccine candidate warrants continued efforts in developing a dengue vaccine candidate which is additionally efficacious for infants and naïve individuals. In this context, alternative strategies of developing a designed vaccine candidate which does not allow production of enhancing antibodies should be explored, as it may expand the umbrella of efficacy to include infants and naïve individuals.

scholarly journals Two Complex, Adenovirus-Based Vaccines That Together Induce Immune Responses to All Four Dengue Virus Serotypes

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Holman ◽  
Danher Wang ◽  
Kanakatte Raviprakash ◽  
Nicholas U. Raja ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Membrane Antigens ◽  
Dengue Virus Serotypes

ABSTRACT Dengue virus infections can cause hemorrhagic fever, shock, encephalitis, and even death. Worldwide, approximately 2.5 billion people live in dengue-infested regions with about 100 million new cases each year, although many of these infections are believed to be silent. There are four antigenically distinct serotypes of dengue virus; thus, immunity from one serotype will not cross-protect from infection with the other three. The difficulties that hamper vaccine development include requirements of the natural conformation of the envelope glycoprotein to induce neutralizing immune responses and the necessity of presenting antigens of all four serotypes. Currently, the only way to meet these requirements is to use a mixture of four serotypes of live attenuated dengue viruses, but safety remains a major problem. In this study, we have developed the basis for a tetravalent dengue vaccine using a novel complex adenovirus platform that is capable of expressing multiple antigens de novo. This dengue vaccine is constructed as a pair of vectors that each expresses the premembrane and envelope genes of two different dengue virus serotypes. Upon vaccination, the vaccine expressed high levels of the dengue virus antigens in cells to mimic a natural infection and induced both humoral and cellular immune responses against multiple serotypes of dengue virus in an animal model. Further analyses show the humoral responses were indeed neutralizing against all four serotypes. Our studies demonstrate the concept of mimicking infections to induce immune responses by synthesizing dengue virus membrane antigens de novo and the feasibility of developing an effective tetravalent dengue vaccine by vector-mediated expression of glycoproteins of the four serotypes.

scholarly journals Adaptive Immunity to Dengue Virus: Slippery Slope or Solid Ground for Rational Vaccine Design?

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Wilken ◽  
Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Generation Vaccine ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Rational Vaccine Design

The four serotypes of dengue virus are the most widespread causes of arboviral disease, currently placing half of the human population at risk of infection. Pre-existing immunity to one dengue virus serotype can predispose to severe disease following secondary infection with a different serotype. The phenomenon of immune enhancement has complicated vaccine development and likely explains the poor long-term safety profile of a recently licenced dengue vaccine. Therefore, alternative vaccine strategies should be considered. This review summarises studies dissecting the adaptive immune responses to dengue virus infection and (experimental) vaccination. In particular, we discuss the roles of (i) neutralising antibodies, (ii) antibodies to non-structural protein 1, and (iii) T cells in protection and pathogenesis. We also address how these findings could translate into next-generation vaccine approaches that mitigate the risk of enhanced dengue disease. Finally, we argue that the development of a safe and efficacious dengue vaccine is an attainable goal.

scholarly journals Dengue Vaccine Development at the Dengue virus serotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Adinda Desi Irawati ◽  
Hotimah Masdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Vaccine Recombinant ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Dengue Virus Serotypes ◽  
Official Data

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus (DENV1-4) and is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. However, in 2015, official data from the member countries, WHO reported more than 3.2 million cases, including 10,200 severe dengue cases and 1181 deaths. The protein encoded by the genome of dengue virus. Major structural and non structural proteins making up the genome of dengue. From genomic data several studies found that mechanism of vaccine that can use in dengue virus. Several vaccines was establish in the world for example Live attenuated Vaccine, Chimera Vaccine, Subunit Vaccine, DNA vaccines DENV, Activated DENV Vaccine  - Whole Virus Particles, Activated  DENV Vaccine - Recombinant Subunit DENV, and DENV Vaccine 5.

scholarly journals SIR Model for Dengue Disease with Effect of Dengue Vaccination

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratchaya Chanprasopchai ◽  
I. Ming Tang ◽  
Puntani Pongsumpun
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Modelling Methods

The dengue disease is caused by dengue virus, and there is no specific treatment. The medical care by experienced physicians and nurses will save life and will lower the mortality rate. A dengue vaccine to control the disease is available in Thailand since late 2016. A mathematical model would be an important way to analyze the effects of the vaccination on the transmission of the disease. We have formulated an SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered) model of the transmission of the disease which includes the effect of vaccination and used standard dynamical modelling methods to analyze the effects. The equilibrium states and their stabilities are investigated. The trajectories of the numerical solutions plotted into the 2D planes and 3D spaces are presented. The main contribution is determining the role of dengue vaccination in the model. From the analysis, we find that there is a significant reduction in the total hospitalization time needed to treat the illness.

scholarly journals Overview of Plant-Derived Vaccine Antigens: Dengue Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra B Malabadi ◽  
Advaita Ganguly ◽  
Jaime A Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Archana Parashar ◽  
Mavanur R Suresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Vaccine Antigens

ABSTRACT - This review highlights the advantages and current status of plant-derived vaccine development with special reference to the dengue virus. There are numerous problems involved in dengue vaccine development, and there is no vaccine against all four dengue serotypes. Dengue vaccine development using traditional approaches has not been satisfactory in terms of inducing neutralizing antibodies. Recently, these issues were addressed by showing a very good response to inducing neutralizing antibodies by plant-derived dengue vaccine antigens. This indicates the feasibility of using plant-derived vaccine antigens as a low-cost method to combat dengue and other infectious diseases. The application of new methods and strategies such as dendritic cell targeting in cancer therapy, severe acute respiratory syndrome, tuberculosis, human immune deficiency virus, and malaria might play an important role. These new methods are more efficient than traditional protocols. It is expected that in the near future, plant-derived vaccine antigens or antibodies will play an important role in the control of human infectious diseases. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals The Mistakes of a Public Communication in the Ebola Crisis in Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Rafael Barberá González ◽  
Victoria Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

This work analyzes the impact of the outbreak of hemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus in Spain in the field of communication. The communication of such a crisis entails an interaction of information between individuals and institutions. Accuracy in the messages that are disseminated is key to the good resolution of the crisis. In this case of the Ebola crisis the impact in the Spanish media was very remarkable not only of the evolution of the crisis but also of the public information that were being made known by the authorities. The errors committed in this public communication, especially in the first institutional appearance, will be analyzed and possible solutions will be provided for future crises. In addition, the information behavior that was given in social networks by the authorities will be analyzed. To perform this work, bibliographical sources, data analysis and the media have been used.

scholarly journals Roles for Endothelial Cells in Dengue Virus Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine A. Dalrymple ◽  
Erich R. Mackow
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Barrier Functions ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Primary Fluid

Dengue viruses cause two severe diseases that alter vascular fluid barrier functions, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The endothelium is the primary fluid barrier of the vasculature and ultimately the effects of dengue virus infection that cause capillary leakage impact endothelial cell (EC) barrier functions. The ability of dengue virus to infect the endothelium provides a direct means for dengue to alter capillary permeability, permit virus replication, and induce responses that recruit immune cells to the endothelium. Recent studies focused on dengue virus infection of primary ECs have demonstrated that ECs are efficiently infected, rapidly produce viral progeny, and elicit immune enhancing cytokine responses that may contribute to pathogenesis. Furthermore, infected ECs have also been implicated in enhancing viremia and immunopathogenesis within murine dengue disease models. Thus dengue-infected ECs have the potential to directly contribute to immune enhancement, capillary permeability, viremia, and immune targeting of the endothelium. These effects implicate responses of the infected endothelium in dengue pathogenesis and rationalize therapeutic targeting of the endothelium and EC responses as a means of reducing the severity of dengue virus disease.

Study on immunity of dengue virus and dengue vaccine development

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Huang ◽  
Shiwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Dengue Vaccine

scholarly journals Upaya Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue dalam Bentuk Peta Tematik di Kecamatan Rappocini

bionature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suci Wulandhani ◽  
A. Bida Purnamasari ◽  
Ryan Humardani Syam Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Keywords Prevention ◽  
Short Time ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus infection. One symptom of dengue virus infection is high fever and headache. Dengue virus is a virus from the genus Flavivirus, family of Flaviviridae. This dengue fever is a dangerous viral disease because it can cause sufferers to die in a very short time / several days. The existence and population density are often associated with transmission, endemicity and Extraordinary Events (EE) of DHF. Disease mapping by utilizing digital technology to support epidemiological investigations and also as a tool to monitor regional conditions for dengue disease. The purpose of this study was to determine efforts to prevent and control dengue disease by mapping. The results of the study show that mapping can be seen as increasing and decreasing the number of cases of dengue disease so that it can assist in data management and reporting of information to monitor areas at risk of contracting dengue disease. Suggestions given need to do further research using other variables that are the cause of the high rate of dengue cases, so that it can be utilized by related agencies as the basis of the information system supporting the decision on preventive measures to combat dengue. Keywords: prevention and control, DHF, mapping.

scholarly journals The impact of the newly licensed dengue vaccine in endemic countries

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aguiar ◽  
Nico Stollenwerk ◽  
Scott B. Halstead
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Tetravalent Vaccine ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:With approximately 3 billion people at risk of acquiring the infection, dengue fever is now considered the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world, with 390 million dengue infections occurring every year, of which 96 million manifest symptoms with any level of disease severity. Treatment of uncomplicated dengue cases is only supportive and severe dengue cases require hospital intensive care. A vaccine now licensed in several countries and developed by Sanofi Pasteur (CYD-TDV, named Dengvaxia), is able to protect, in the first 25 months of the two Phase III, 66% of a subset of 9 − 16 year old participants. However, a significantly lower efficacy (including negative vaccine efficacy) was noted for children younger than 9 years of age.Methodology/Principal Findings:Analysis of year 3 results of phase III trials of Dengvaxia suggest high rates of protection of vaccinated partial dengue immunes but high rates of hospitalizations during breakthrough dengue infections of persons who were vaccinated when seronegative, with vaccine appearing to induce enhancing antibodies (ADE). An age structured model was developed based on Sanofi’s recommendation to vaccinate persons age 945 years in dengue endemic countries. The model was used to explore the clinical burden of two vaccination strategies: 1) Vaccinate 4 or 20% of individuals, ages 9 − 45 years, seropositives and seronegatives, and 2) vaccinate 4 or 20% of individuals, ages 9 − 45 years, who are dengue immune only.Conclusions/Significance:Our results show that vaccinating dengue monotypic immune individuals prevents dengue hospitalizations, but at the same time dengue infections of vaccine-sensitized persons increases hospitalizations. When the vaccine is given only to partial immune individuals, after immuno-logical screening of the population, disease burden decreases considerably.Author SummaryCaused by four antigenically related but distinct serotypes a tetravalent vaccine is needed to protect against the huge burden of dengue disease. Dengvaxia is a vaccine candidate now licensed in several countries for individuals 9 − 45 years of age living in endemic countries with least 70% of seroprevalence. Modelers from Sanofi Pasteur have predicted that this vaccine has the potential to reduce by about 50% the disease burden within 5 years when 20% of an endemic country population is vaccinated, thus achieving a World Health Organization dengue prevention goal.In this paper, mathematical modeling is used to investigate the impact of the newly licensed dengue vaccine using different scenarios. Our results show that to achieve significant reduction in disease bur-den, the vaccination program is most effective if it includes only individuals that have been already exposed to at least one dengue virus. Immunological screening of the population prior to vaccination is advised and vaccination strategies must be planned based on epidemiological disease dynamics for each specific endemic region.

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