scholarly journals Evaluation of an Aqueous Extract from Horseradish Root (Armoracia rusticana Radix) against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cellular Inflammation Reaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Herz ◽  
Hoai Thi Thu Tran ◽  
Melinda-Rita Márton ◽  
Ronald Maul ◽  
Susanne Baldermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Armoracia Rusticana ◽  
Lipoxygenase Pathway ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antiphlogistic Activity

Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a perennial crop and its root is used in condiments. Traditionally, horseradish root is used to treat bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and urinary bladder. The antiphlogistic activity, determined in activated primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), was evaluated for an aqueous extract and its subfractions, separated by HPLC. Compound analysis was done by UHPLC-QToF/MS and GC-MS. The aqueous extract concentration-dependently inhibited the anti-inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in terms of TNF-α release at ≥37 μg/mL. Further, the cyclooxygenase as well as lipoxygenase pathway was blocked by the extract as demonstrated by inhibition of COX-2 protein expression and PGE2 synthesis at ≥4 μg/mL and leukotriene LTB4 release. Mechanistic studies revealed that inhibition of ERK1/2 and c-Jun activation preceded COX-2 suppression upon plant extract treatment in the presence of LPS. Chemical analysis identified target compounds with a medium polarity as relevant for the observed bioactivity. Importantly, allyl isothiocyanate, which is quite well known for its anti-inflammatory capacity and as the principal pungent constituent in horseradish roots, was not relevant for the observations. The results suggest that horseradish root exerts an antiphlogistic activity in human immune cells by regulation of the COX and LOX pathway via MAPK signalling.

Combinatorial Action of Triterpenoid, Flavonoid, and Alkaloid on Inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1986887
Author(s):  
Vidya Sabu ◽  
Jasmine Peter ◽  
Aswathy Indira Bai Sasidharan Nair ◽  
Santhi Krishnan ◽  
Lal Preethi Sathyaseelan Suja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Signaling Cascade ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In the present study, the synergistic effects of BASk, a combination of betulinic acid (B), apigenin (A), and skimmianine (Sk) in the ratio of 1:1:1, were studied to construct a novel drug mixture against inflammation via the TLR4-nuclear factor Kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signaling pathway. In silico drug likeness and docking studies recommended 3 bioactive compounds as suitable ligands for drug development. BASk inhibited TLR4 from its dimerization with MD2 and blocked the TLR4 signaling cascade. Reduced nuclear translocation of NFκB inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β and TNF-α), COX-2 expression, and PGE2. Similarly, BASk exerted its protective role by reducing pro-inflammatory mediators and elevating anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. This confirms the inhibiting potential of BASk in the activation of the TLR4-NFκB signaling cascade. Thus, BASk was superior in its anti-inflammatory effect on oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cells than its individual components synergistically. Since BASk inhibited COX-2 expression and further release of PGE2, it is a potent therapeutic agent with better efficacy against inflammation because COX-2 is the target site for treating inflammatory diseases. Thus, it can be clearly stated that this innovation will be a breakthrough in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10) suppressed rheumatoid arthritis via STAT3/Th17 targeting

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241080
Author(s):  
Jooyeon Jhun ◽  
Jeonghyeon Moon ◽  
Jaeyoon Ryu ◽  
Yonghee Shin ◽  
Seangyoun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Safranin O

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble antioxidant. Although CoQ10 has not been approved as medication by the Food and Drug Administration, it is widely used in dietary supplements. Some studies have shown that CoQ10 has anti-inflammatory effects on various autoimmune disorders. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticles encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10). Both CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10 were administered orally to mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) for 10 weeks. The inflammation pathology of joint tissues of CIA mice was then analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O staining, as well as immunohistochemistry analysis. We obtained immunofluorescence staining images of spleen tissues using confocal microscopy. We found that pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. Th17 cell and phosphorylated STAT3-expressed cell populations were also decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. When human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10, the IL-17 expression of PBMCs in the LGNP-CoQ10-treated group was significantly reduced. Together, these results suggest that LGNP-CoQ10 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

scholarly journals Rare Acetogenins with Anti-Inflammatory Effect from the Red Alga Laurencia obtusa

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Walied Alarif ◽  
Sultan Al-Lihaibi ◽  
Nahed Bawakid ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Lateff ◽  
Hamdan Al-malky
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Three new rare C12 acetogenins (enyne derivatives 1–3) were isolated from the organic extract obtained from the red alga Laurencia obtusa, collected from the Red Sea. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopical data analyses. Potent anti-inflammatory effect of the isolated metabolites was evidenced by inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) by employing Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).

Dipyridamole decreases inflammatory metalloproteinase-9 expression and release by human monocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (02) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Annunziata Carluccio ◽  
Mariangela Pellegrino ◽  
Nadia Calabriso ◽  
Carlo Storelli ◽  
Giuseppe Martines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

SummaryMatrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 plays an important role in stroke by accelerating matrix degradation, disrupting the blood-brain barrier and increasing infarct size. Dipyridamole is an antiplatelet agent with recognised benefits in ischaemic stroke prevention. In addition to its antiplatelet properties, recent studies have reported that dipyridamole also features anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. We therefore investigated whether dipyridamole can ameliorate the proinflammatory profile of human monocytes, a source of MMP-9 in stroke, in terms of regulation of MMP-9 activity and expression, and explored underlying mechanisms. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and U937 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of dipyridamole (up to 10 µg/ml) for 60 minutes before stimulation with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Exposure of PBMC and U937 to dipyridamole reduced TNF-α- and PMA-induced MMP-9 activity and protein release as well as MMP-9 mRNA, without significantly affecting the release of TIMP-1. This inhibitory effect was independent of dipyridamole-induced cyclic adeno-sine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) increase. Correspondingly, dipyridamole also significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and nuclear translocation of the p65 NF-κB subunit through a mechanism involving the inhibition of IkBα degradation and p38 MAPK activation. In conclusion, dipyridamole, at therapeutically achievable concentrations, reduces the expression and release of MMP-9 through a mechanism involving p38 MAPK and NF-κB inhibition. These results indicate that dipyridamole exerts anti-inflammatory properties in human monocytes that may favourably contribute to its actions in the secondary prevention of stroke, independent of its antiplatelet properties.

scholarly journals Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 Participates in Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Aqueous Extract ofHibiscus taiwanensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Ling Liu ◽  
Jeng-Shyan Deng ◽  
Chuan-Sung Chiu ◽  
Wen-Chi Hou ◽  
Shyh-Shyun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Natural Health Products ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract ofHibiscus taiwanensis(AHT) were used in lipopolysaccharide (LPS-)stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells and carrageenan (Carr-)induced mouse paw edema model. When RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with AHT together with LPS, a concentration-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels productions were detected. Western blotting revealed that AHT blocked protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and elevated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), significantly. In the animal test, AHT decreased the paw edema at the 4th and the 5th h after Carr administration, and it increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the paw tissue. We also demonstrated AHT decreased the NO, TNF-α, and PGE2 levels on the serum level at the 5th h after the Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that AHT decreased Carr-induced iNOS, and COX-2, and increased HO-1 expressions at the 5th h in the edema paw. These findings demonstrated that AHT has excellent anti-inflammatory activitiesin vitroandin vivoand thus it has great potential to be used as a source for natural health products.

scholarly journals Induction of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines by Borrelia burgdorferi Lipoproteins in Monocytes Is Mediated by CD14

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo H. Giambartolomei ◽  
Vida A. Dennis ◽  
Barbara L. Lasater ◽  
Mario T. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Monocytic Cell ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

ABSTRACT We previously showed that heat-killed Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes and lipidated outer surface protein A (L-OspA) stimulated the in vitro production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from uninfected humans and rhesus monkeys (G. Giambartolomei et al., Infect. Immun. 66:2691–2697, 1998). Here we demonstrate that uninfected human peripheral blood monocytes, but not B or T cells, are the cells that transcribe the IL-10 cytokine gene in response to heat-killed B. burgdorferi. B. burgdorferi similarly induced an upregulation of the IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine genes in monocytes and the production of IL-10 and IL-6 in culture supernatants of the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Purified L-OspA (but not unlipidated OspA [U-OspA] or U-OspC) also stimulated the production of both cytokines in THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion, suggesting that acylation of the OspA protein molecule is required for the production of both anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in naive monocytes. A lipohexapeptide that contained the tripalmitoyl-modified cysteine motif (Pam3Cys-Hex) of B. burgdorferi lipoproteins but with an arbitrary peptide sequence had the same effect. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) MY4 and 60bca, both of which bind to CD14 and are known to block lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated cytokine production, were able to block L-OspA-mediated IL-10 and IL-6 cytokine production. In contrast, MAb 26ic, which also binds to CD14 but does not block LPS function, failed to inhibit L-OspA-mediated cytokine production. These data suggest that activation of monocytes and production of both anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by lipoproteins proceeds via the CD14 receptor. LPS binding protein was not required for OspA-induced cytokine production. Our results demonstrate that pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines induced by B. burgdorferilipoproteins in PBMC are produced by monocytes and that lipoprotein and LPS signaling pathways share at least the initial signaling event that involves the CD14 receptor.

Induction of macrophagic prostaglandin E2 synthesis by glioma cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiteru Nakano ◽  
Etsushi Kuroda ◽  
Tomohiro Kito ◽  
Akira Yokota ◽  
Uki Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Cox Inhibitors ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
Cox 2

Object It has been reported that glioma cells produce prostaglandin (PG)E2, which promotes the growth of tumor cells and possesses immunosuppressive activity, and that cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors impede tumor growth and infiltration. Macrophages in tumor-bearing hosts are activated to produce PGE2, which induces an immunosuppressive state. Note, however, that the precise mechanism by which PGE2 induces an immunosuppressive state is still unclear. In this study, the authors investigated the mechanism of PGE2 production in glioma-bearing hosts. Methods The human and murine glioma cells that were studied did not produce a significant amount of PGE2. However, the coculture of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or murine peritoneal macrophages with glioma cells or conditioned glioma medium led to the production of a large amount of PGE2. In contrast, production of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin (IL)-12p70 by macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction were suppressed by culturing with conditioned glioma medium; this suppression was abrogated by the addition of the COX inhibitor indomethacin. The macrophagic expression of COX-2, and particularly the expression of microsomal PGE synthase (mPGES)–1, a terminal enzyme of the arachidonate cascade, was enhanced by the glioma-derived soluble factors. Furthermore, IL-12p70 production was not clearly suppressed in macrophages from mPGES-1–deficient mice. The glioma-derived soluble factors were sensitive to treatment with heat and papain. Conclusions These results indicated that PGE2 production by macrophages is enhanced by glioma-derived soluble factors, which induce an immunosuppressive state in glioma-bearing hosts. Therefore, the inhibition of PGE2 synthesis, targeting COX-2 and mPGES-1, is an effective treatment for the induction of antiglioma immune responses.

scholarly journals Beyond the Biological Effect of a Chemically Characterized Poplar Propolis: Antibacterial and Antiviral Activity and Comparison with Flurbiprofen in Cytokines Release by LPS-Stimulated Human Mononuclear Cells

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Governa ◽  
Maria Grazia Cusi ◽  
Vittoria Borgonetti ◽  
José Mauricio Sforcin ◽  
Chiara Terrosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Human Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Bee propolis, especially Euro-Asian poplar propolis, is among the most well-known natural products traditionally used to treat pharyngitis and minor wounds. The aim of this research was to investigate the pharmacological properties responsible for poplar propolis effectiveness using, for the first time, different in vitro approaches applied to a chemically characterized sample. The anti-inflammatory activity was compared with flurbiprofen by determining pro-inflammatory cytokines released by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The antibacterial activity against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria was assessed, as well as antiviral effects on H1N1 influenza a virus. Poplar propolis (5 and 25 µg/mL) exerted a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. In this range of concentrations, propolis effect was not inferior to flurbiprofen on cytokines released by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human PBMC. Poplar propolis was found to upregulate IL-6 and IL-1β in non-stimulated PBMC. S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and S. pneumoniae were the most susceptible bacterial strains with inhibitory concentrations ranging from 156 to 625 µg/mL. A direct anti-influenza activity was not clearly seen. Effective anti-inflammatory concentrations of propolis were significantly lower than the antibacterial and antiviral ones and results suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity was the most important feature of poplar propolis linked to its rationale use in medicine.

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