Study on Electrophysiological Signal Monitoring of Plant under Stress Based on Integrated Op-Amps and Patch Electrode

Electrophysiological signal in plant is a weak electrical signal, which can fluctuate with the change of environment. An amplification detection system was designed for plant electrical signal acquisition by using integrated op-amps (CA3140, AD620, and INA118), patch electrode, data acquisition card (NI USB-6008), computer, and shielded box. Plant electrical signals were also studied under pressure and flooding stress. The amplification detection system can make nondestructive acquisition for Aquatic Scindapsus and Guaibcn with high precision, high sensitivity, low power consumption, high common mode rejection ratio, and working frequency bandwidth. Stress experiments were conducted through the system; results show that electrical signals were produced in the leaf of Aquatic Scindapsus under the stress of pressure. Electrical signals in the up-leaf surface of Aquatic Scindapsus were stronger than the down-leaf surface. Electrical signals produced in the leaf of Guaibcn were getting stronger when suffering flooding stress. The more the flooding stress was severe, the faster the electrical signal changed, the longer the time required for returning to a stable state was, and the greater the electrical signal got at the stable state was.

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A High Sensitivity Self-Powered Wind Speed Sensor Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs)

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21092951 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 2951

Author(s):

Yangming Liu ◽

Jialin Liu ◽

Lufeng Che

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Electrical Signal ◽

Geometrical Parameters ◽

Sensor Systems ◽

Speed Sensor ◽

Speed Range ◽

Self Powered ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽

Application Prospects

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have excellent properties in harvesting tiny environmental energy and self-powered sensor systems with extensive application prospects. Here, we report a high sensitivity self-powered wind speed sensor based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The sensor consists of the upper and lower two identical TENGs. The output electrical signal of each TENG can be used to detect wind speed so that we can make sure that the measurement is correct by two TENGs. We study the influence of different geometrical parameters on its sensitivity and then select a set of parameters with a relatively good output electrical signal. The sensitivity of the wind speed sensor with this set of parameters is 1.79 μA/(m/s) under a wind speed range from 15 m/s to 25 m/s. The sensor can light 50 LEDs at the wind speed of 15 m/s. This work not only advances the development of self-powered wind sensor systems but also promotes the application of wind speed sensing.

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Abstract 4336: Interrogating the Human Myocardial Interstitium during Myocardial Arrest and Reperfusion: Dynamic Changes in Cytokines and Protease Activity

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_867-a ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

Robert E Stroud ◽

Christine N Koval ◽

Isabelle Gengler ◽

Anne M Deschamps ◽

John S Ikonomidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Detection System ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Dynamic Assessment ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Fluorescent Detection ◽

Suspension Array ◽

Cytokine Analysis ◽

And Function ◽

Inflammatory Molecules ◽

Pulmonary Bypass

Background. Cytokines, such as the interleukins (IL1β, IL2, IL6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) can modulate myocardial structure and function with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) but dynamic assessment of these biological molecules within the human myocardial interstitium with I/R has not been performed, and the inter-relationship to matrix metalloproteinases activity (MMPact) remains unexplored. Accordingly, a fluorogenic microdialysis method was used to simultaneously measure myocardial interstitial cytokine levels and MMPact in patients during and following I/R. Methods . MMPact was measured in patients (n=13) undergoing cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) at baseline, during myocardial arrest and CPB (on-CPB), and immediately following reperfusion and separation from CPB (post-CPB) by a validated in-line microdialysis fluorescent detection system. Myocardial interstitial fluid was subjected to cytokine analysis by high sensitivity multiplex suspension array. Results . Interstitial MMPact increased by over 30% post-CPB and was accompanied by a specific change in cytokine profiles (Figure ). The classical pro-inflammatory molecules such as TNF and IL6 were either not detectable or unchanged, whereas IL1β and IL2 which can be proinflammatory, were increased. Conclusions. These unique results demonstrated that a dynamic cytokine signature occurs within the human myocardial interstitium following I/R and is temporally related to heightened MMP activity. Direct interrogation of the human myocardial interstitium may provide a unique insight into critical signaling pathways which may evoke adverse structural and functional events following I/R.

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Compact Detection System for High Sensitivity Hydrogen Profiling of Materials by Nuclear Reaction Analysis

10.1063/1.3120045 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Keith Marble ◽

Ben Urban ◽

Jose Pacheco ◽

Floyd D. McDaniel ◽

Barney L. Doyle

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Detection System ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Nuclear Reaction Analysis

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Prototype Sistem Deteksi Partial Discharge Pada Isolasi Kabel Menggunakan Sensor Microphone (Prototype Of Partial Discharge Detection System In Cable Isolation Using Microphone Sensor)

JEEE-U (Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering-UMSIDA) ◽

10.21070/jeee-u.v3i2.2450 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 206

Author(s):

Mochamad Zaeynuri Setiawan ◽

Fachrudin Hunaini ◽

Mohamad Mukhsim

Keyword(s):

Detection System ◽

Partial Discharge ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Negative Ions ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Sound Waves ◽

Cable Insulation ◽

Insulation Failure ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Discharge Detection

The phenomenon that often arises in a substation is the problem of partial discharge in outgoing cable insulation. Partial discharge is a jump of positive and negative ions that are not supposed to meet so that it can cause a spark jump. If a partial discharge is left too long it can cause insulation failure, the sound of snakes like hissing and the most can cause a flashover on the outgoing cable. Then a partial discharge detection prototype was made in the cable insulation in order to anticipate the isolation interference in the outgoing cable. Can simplify the work of substation operators to check the reliability of insulation on the outgoing side of each cubicle. So it was compiled as a method for measuring sound waves caused by partial discharge in the process of measuring using a microphone sensor, the Arduino Mega 2560 module as a microcontroller, the LCD TFT as a monitoring and the MicroSD card module as its storage. The microphone sensor is a sensor that has a high sensitivity to sound, has 2 analog and digital readings, and is easily designed with a microcontroller. Basically the unit of measure measured at partial discharge is Decibels. The results of the prototype can be applied to the cubicle and the way it works is to match the prototype to the outgoing cubicle cable then measure from the cable boots connector to the bottom of the outgoing cable with a distance of 1 meter. Then the measurement results will be monitored on the TFT LCD screen in the form of measurement results, graphs and categories on partial discharge. In this design the measurement data made by the microphone can be stored with microSD so that it can make an evaluation of partial discharge handling in outgoing cable insulation.

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Design of Pulse Wave Feature Vigilance Detection System Based on Computer Software Technology

Mobile Information Systems ◽

10.1155/2021/3596095 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Yidong Zeng ◽

Jun Ji ◽

Jinghua Wang ◽

Jiasuo Gao ◽

Jie Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulse Wave ◽

Detection System ◽

Skin Resistance ◽

Computer Software ◽

Pulse Amplitude ◽

Acquisition System ◽

Signal Acquisition ◽

Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽

Software Technology ◽

Physiological Signal

In this paper, the pulse wave feature alertness detection system based on computer software technology is researched. First, the computer software technology designs the alertness detection system and then conducts the system alertness test experiment using a system that can not affect the subjects’ alertness, a portable multichannel physiological signal acquisition system that measures the subjects’ ECG signal, skin resistance, blood oxygen saturation, and other physiological signals in the case of a degree task experiment. The multichannel physiological signal acquisition system collects the signals during the vigilance task experiment. At the same time, before, during, and after the experiment, subjects are required to fill in the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) and evaluate the level of individual alertness through subjective self-evaluation. The relevant experimental data show that, 10 minutes before the experiment, the pulse amplitude increased rapidly, then slowly decreased at the beginning, reached a peak in about 25 minutes, and then began to rise.

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Scanning single-molecule counting system for Eprobe with highly simple and effective approach

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0243319

Author(s):

Takeshi Hanami ◽

Tetsuya Tanabe ◽

Takuya Hanashi ◽

Mitsushiro Yamaguchi ◽

Hidetaka Nakata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acid ◽

Single Molecule ◽

Detection System ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Nucleic Acid Detection ◽

Digital Measurement ◽

Excitation Light ◽

Target Nucleic Acid ◽

Fluorescent Molecules

Here, we report a rapid and ultra-sensitive detection technique for fluorescent molecules called scanning single molecular counting (SSMC). The method uses a fluorescence-based digital measurement system to count single molecules in a solution. In this technique, noise is reduced by conforming the signal shape to the intensity distribution of the excitation light via a circular scan of the confocal region. This simple technique allows the fluorescent molecules to freely diffuse into the solution through the confocal region and be counted one by one and does not require statistical analysis. Using this technique, 28 to 62 aM fluorescent dye was detected through measurement for 600 s. Furthermore, we achieved a good signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 2326) under the condition of 100 pM target nucleic acid by only mixing a hybridization-sensitive fluorescent probe, called Eprobe, into the target oligonucleotide solution. Combination of SSMC and Eprobe provides a simple, rapid, amplification-free, and high-sensitive target nucleic acid detection system. This method is promising for future applications to detect particularly difficult to design primers for amplification as miRNAs and other short oligo nucleotide biomarkers by only hybridization with high sensitivity.

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Understanding the Impact of Machine Learning Models on the Performance of Different Flexible Strain Sensor Modalities

Frontiers in Materials ◽

10.3389/fmats.2021.639823 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Brett C. Hannigan ◽

Tyler J. Cuthbert ◽

Wanhaoyi Geng ◽

Mohammad Tavassolian ◽

Carlo Menon

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Mean Squared Error ◽

Strain Sensor ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Signal Amplitude ◽

Electrical Signal ◽

Gauge Factor ◽

Piezoresistive Sensor ◽

Fibre Strain ◽

The Impact

Fibre strain sensors commonly use three major modalities to transduce strain—piezoresistance, capacitance, and inductance. The electrical signal in response to strain differs between these sensing technologies, having varying sensitivity, maximum measurable loading rate, and susceptibility to deleterious effects like hysteresis and drift. The wide variety of sensor materials and strain tracking applications makes it difficult to choose the best sensor modality for a wearable device when considering signal quality, cost, and difficulty of manufacture. Fibre strain sensor samples employing the three sensing mechanisms are fabricated and subjected to strain using a tensile tester. Their mechanical and electrical properties are measured in response to strain profiles designed to exhibit particular shortcomings of sensor behaviour. Using these data, the sensors are compared to identify materials and sensing technologies well suited for different textile motion tracking applications. Several regression models are trained and validated on random strain pattern data, providing guidance for pairing each sensor with a model architecture that compensates for non-ideal effects. A thermoplastic elastomer-core piezoresistive sensor had the highest sensitivity (average gauge factor: 12.6) and a piezoresistive sensor of similar construction with a polyether urethane-urea core had the largest bandwidth, capable of resolving strain rates above 300% s−1 with 36% signal amplitude attenuation. However, both piezoresistve sensors suffered from larger hysteresis and drift than a coaxial polymer sensor using the capacitive strain sensing mechanism. Machine learning improved the piezoresistive sensors’ root-mean-squared error when tracking a random strain signal by up to 58% while maintaining their high sensitivity, bandwidth, and ease of interfacing electronically.

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Systemic inflammation induced by exacerbation of COPD or pneumonia in patients with COPD induces cardiac troponin elevation

BMJ Open Respiratory Research ◽

10.1136/bmjresp-2021-000997 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e000997

Author(s):

Vidar Søyseth ◽

Natalia Kononova ◽

Anke Neukamm ◽

Nils Henrik Holmedahl ◽

Tor-Arne Hagve ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Exacerbation ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Cardiac Troponin ◽

Troponin T ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Stable State ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Troponin Elevation ◽

Exacerbation Of Copd

BackgroundTroponin is a biomarker of myocardial injury. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), troponin is an important determinant of mortality after acute exacerbation. Whether acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) causes troponin elevation is not known. Here, we investigated whether troponin is increased in AECOPD compared to stable COPD.MethodsWe included 320 patients with COPD in the stable state and 63 random individuals from Akershus University hospital’s catchment area. All participants were ≥40 years old (mean 65·1 years, SD 7·6) and 176 (46%) were females. The geometric mean of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) was 6·9 ng/L (geometric-SD 2·6). They were followed regarding hospital admission for the subsequent 5 years.ResultsDuring the 5-year follow-up, we noted 474 hospitalisations: Totally, 150 and 80 admissions were due to AECOPD or pneumonia, respectively. The geometric mean ratio with geometric SE (GSE) between cTnT at admission and stable state in AECOPD and pneumonia was 1·27 (GSE=1.11, p=0·023) and 1·28 (GSE=1.14, p=0·054), respectively. After inclusion of blood leucocyte count and C reactive protein at hospitalisation, these ratios attenuated to zero. However, we estimated an indirect of AECOPD and pneumonia on the ratio between hs-cTnT at admission and the stable state to 1·16 (p=0·022) and 1·22 (p=0·008), representing 91% (95% CI 82% to 100%) and 95% (95% CI 83% to 100%) of the total effects, respectively.ConclusionAECOPD and pneumonia in patients with COPD is associated with higher cTnT levels. This association appears to be mediated by systemic inflammation.

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Blood amyloid β oligomerization as a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease: a blinded validation study

10.21203/rs.2.19960/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Young Chul Youn ◽

Byoung Sub Lee ◽

Gwang Je Kim ◽

Ji Sun Ryu ◽

Kuntaek Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Detection System ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Community Based ◽

Clinical Sensitivity ◽

Aβ Oligomerization ◽

Normal Cognition

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Oligomeric amyloid ß (Aß) is one of the major contributors to the pathomechanism of AD; Aß oligomerization in plasma can be measured using a Multimer Detection System-Oligomeric Aß (MDS-OAß) after incubation with spiked synthetic Aß. METHODS: We evaluated the clinical sensitivity and specificity of the MDS-OAß values by inBlood TM OAß test using heparin-treated plasma samples from 52 AD patients in comparison with 52 community-based subjects with normal cognition (NC). The inclusion criterion was proposed by the NINCDS-ADRDA and additionally required for the least 6 months of follow-up from the initial clinical diagnosis in the course of AD. RESULTS: The MDS-OAβ values were 1.43 ± 0.30 ng/ml in AD and 0.45 ± 0.19 ( p <0.001) in NC, respectively. Using a cut-off value of 0.78 ng/ml, the results revealed that 100% sensitivity 92.31% specificity. DISCUSSION: MDS-OAß to measure plasma Aβ oligomerization is a valuable blood-based biomarker for clinical diagnosis of AD, with high sensitivity and specificity.

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