scholarly journals Study of Train-Side Passive Magnetic Measurements with Applications to Train Localization

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Heirich ◽  
Benjamin Siebler ◽  
Erik Hedberg
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Magnetic Signatures ◽  
Navigation Equipment ◽  
Electronic Compass ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Passive magnetic sensors measure the magnetic field density in three axes and are often integrated on a single chip. These low-cost sensors are widely used in car navigation as well as in battery powered navigation equipment such as smartphones as part of an electronic compass. We focus on a train localization application with multiple, exclusively onboard sensors and a track map. This approach is considered as a base technology for future railway applications such as collision avoidance systems or autonomous train driving. In this paper, we address the following question: how beneficial are passive magnetic measurements for train localization? We present and analyze measurements of two different magnetometers recorded on a regional train at regular passenger service. We show promising correlations of the measurements with the track positions and the traveled switch way. The processed data reveals that the railway environment has repeatable, location-dependent magnetic signatures. This is considered as a novel approach to train localization, as the use of these magnetic signals at first view is not obvious. The proposed methods based on passive magnetic measurements show a high potential to be integrated in new and existing train localization approaches.

Deep Fusion of a Skewed Redundant Magnetic and Inertial Sensor for Heading State Estimation in a Saturated Indoor Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 313-335
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Karimi ◽  
Edwin Babaians ◽  
Martin Oelsch ◽  
Eckehard Steinbach
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Filter Model ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Heading Estimation

Robust attitude and heading estimation in an indoor environment with respect to a known reference are essential components for various robotic applications. Affordable Attitude and Heading Reference Systems (AHRS) are typically using low-cost solid-state MEMS-based sensors. The precision of heading estimation on such a system is typically degraded due to the encountered drift from the gyro measurements and distortions of the Earth’s magnetic field sensing. This paper presents a novel approach for robust indoor heading estimation based on skewed redundant inertial and magnetic sensors. Recurrent Neural Network-based (RNN) fusion is used to perform robust heading estimation with the ability to compensate for the external magnetic field anomalies. We use our previously described correlation-based filter model for preprocessing the data and for empowering perturbation mitigation. Our experimental results show that the proposed scheme is able to successfully mitigate the anomalies in the saturated indoor environment and achieve a Root-Mean-Square Error of less than [Formula: see text] for long-term use.

Magnetic Emission Mapping for Passive Integrated Components Characterisation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Crépel ◽  
Y. Bouttement ◽  
P. Descamps ◽  
C. Goupil ◽  
P. Perdu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Magnetic Disturbance ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Integrated Inductor ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract We developed a system and a method to characterize the magnetic field induced by circuit board and electronic component, especially integrated inductor, with magnetic sensors. The different magnetic sensors are presented and several applications using this method are discussed. Particularly, in several semiconductor applications (e.g. Mobile phone), active dies are integrated with passive components. To minimize magnetic disturbance, arbitrary margin distances are used. We present a system to characterize precisely the magnetic emission to insure that the margin is sufficient and to reduce the size of the printed circuit board.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study of a Noncontact Torque Sensor with Multiple Hall Sensors

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungshik Lee ◽  
Chongdu Cho
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Torque Measurement ◽  
Test Range ◽  
Variable Power ◽  
Hall Sensors ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The feasibility of a noncontact sensor is investigated. This type of sensor can potentially be used for torque measurement in a speed-variable power transmission system. Torque can be read by examining the phase difference between two induction signals from respective magnetic sensors that detect the magnetic field intensity of permanent magnets mounted on the surface of a shaft in rotation. A real-time measuring algorithm that includes filtering and calibration is adopted to measure the torque magnitude. It is shown that this new torque sensor can perform well under rotation speeds ranging from 300 rpm to 500 rpm. As an interim report rather than a complete development, this work demonstrates the feasibility of noncontact torque measurement by monitoring a magnetic field. The result shows an error of less than 2% within the full test range, which is a sufficient competitive performance for commercial sensors. The price is very low compared to competitors in the marketplace, and the device does not require special handling of the shaft of the surface.

scholarly journals Spacecraft and interplanetary contributions to the magnetic environment on-board LISA Pathfinder

2020 ◽  
Vol 494 (2) ◽  
pp. 3014-3027
Author(s):  
M Armano ◽  
H Audley ◽  
J Baird ◽  
P Binetruy ◽  
M Born ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Magnetic Measurement ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Lisa Pathfinder ◽  
Frequency Regime ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Instrument Sensitivity ◽  
Stationary Component

ABSTRACT LISA Pathfinder (LPF) has been a space-based mission designed to test new technologies that will be required for a gravitational wave observatory in space. Magnetically driven forces play a key role in the instrument sensitivity in the low-frequency regime (mHz and below), the measurement band of interest for a space-based observatory. The magnetic field can couple to the magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetic moment from the test masses and disturb them from their geodesic movement. LPF carried on-board a dedicated magnetic measurement subsystem with noise levels of 10 $\rm nT \ Hz^{-1/2}$ from 1 Hz down to 1 mHz. In this paper we report on the magnetic measurements throughout LPF operations. We characterize the magnetic environment within the spacecraft, study the time evolution of the magnetic field and its stability down to 20 μHz, where we measure values around 200 $\rm nT \ Hz^{-1/2}$, and identify two different frequency regimes, one related to the interplanetary magnetic field and the other to the magnetic field originating inside the spacecraft. Finally, we characterize the non-stationary component of the fluctuations of the magnetic field below the mHz and relate them to the dynamics of the solar wind.

scholarly journals Practice and perspectives of using ultrasensitive magnetometers in biomedical research.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Maslennikov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Optically Pumped ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Magnetic Field

There are a large number of sensors for measuring the magnetic field of biological objects. They are characterized by the type of the measured physical parameter (magnetic field strength, magnetic flux, etc.), the level of intrinsic sensitivity, and the frequency range of the recorded signals. The long-term practice of studying biomagnetic signals shows that only SQUID-based magnetometers and optically pumped magnetometers have sensitivity levels sufficient for recording biomagnetic signals with the required signal-to-noise ratio. This chapter reflects the main directions of using such magnetometers and methods of magnetic measurements in biomedical research, gives examples of existing technical solutions, and shows possible ways of their further development.

scholarly journals Precision Analysis and Design of Rotating Coil Magnetic Measurements System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8454
Author(s):  
Soontorn Odngam ◽  
Chaiyut Preecha ◽  
Prapaiwan Sanwong ◽  
Woramet Thongtan ◽  
Jiraphon Srisertpol
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Control System ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Dipole Magnet ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Speed Control System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Magnetic Field

This research presents the design and construction of measuring instruments for a dipole magnetic field using a rotating coil technique. This technique is a closed-loop speed-control system where a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller works together with the intensity measurement of the magnetic field through the rotating coil. It was used to analyze the impact on the accuracy of the electromagnetic at speed ranges of 60, 90, and 120 rpm. The error estimation in the measurement of the normal dipole and skew dipole magnet caused by the steady-state error of the speed control system and the rotational search coil in whirling motion are demonstrated. Rotating unbalance, shaft coupling, and misalignment from its setup disturbed the performance of the speed control system as a nonlinear system.

scholarly journals Enhancing Performance of Magnetic Field Based Indoor Localization Using Magnetic Patterns from Multiple Smartphones

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Ashraf ◽  
Soojung Hur ◽  
Yongwan Park
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Magnetic Field Data ◽  
Localization Performance ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Wide expansion of smartphones triggered a rapid demand for precise localization that can meet the requirements of location-based services. Although the global positioning system is widely used for outdoor positioning, it cannot provide the same accuracy for the indoor. As a result, many alternative indoor positioning technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and geomagnetic field localization have been investigated during the last few years. Today smartphones possess a rich variety of embedded sensors like accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer that can facilitate estimating the current location of the user. Traditional geomagnetic field-based fingerprint localization, although it shows promising results, it is limited by the fact that various smartphones have embedded magnetic sensors from different manufacturers and the magnetic field strength that is measured from these smartphones vary significantly. Consequently, the localization performance from various smartphones is different even when the same localization approach is used. So devising an approach that can provide similar performance with various smartphones is a big challenge. Contrary to previous works that build the fingerprint database from the geomagnetic field data of a single smartphone, this study proposes using the geomagnetic field data collected from multiple smartphones to make the geomagnetic field pattern (MP) database. Many experiments are carried out to analyze the performance of the proposed approach with various smartphones. Additionally, a lightweight threshold technique is proposed that can detect user motion using the acceleration data. Results demonstrate that the localization performance for four different smartphones is almost identical when tested with the database made using the magnetic field data from multiple smartphones than that of which considers the magnetic field data from only one smartphone. Moreover, the performance comparison with previous research indicates that the overall performance of smartphones is improved.

Design of a New Non-Contact Torque Sensor for Rotating Stepped Shaft by Monitoring Magnetic Field

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Shi ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Chong Du Cho
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Rotating Shaft ◽  
Stepped Shaft ◽  
New Development ◽  
Contact Sensor

In this paper, a new non-contact sensor is presented for detecting torque of a rotating stepped shaft which is frequently employed in power transmission system. This sensor doesn’t require cutting or lengthening the rotating shaft. Torque value is obtained by using two magnetic sensors to sense magnetic field intensity of two permanent rubber magnets fixed at the outer surface of the shaft. The phase difference between these two induction signals is used to determine torque of the stepped shaft. A real-time algorithm based on LabVIEW is employed to obtain the measured torque value. The present work has demonstrated that non-contact torque measurement for rotating stepped shaft by monitoring magnetic field is feasible. It seems like that further development will result in low-cost torque sensor. It is hoped that this kind of sensor can lead to a new development direction of torque sensor for rotating shaft.

Experimental Study Noise of HMR2003 Sensor with or without the Use of Amplifier AMP04

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hadjigeorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
Wear Measurement ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Magnetic sensors offer many essential benefits: they enable contactless and thus without wear measurement of mechanical amounts of such as the rotation angle and angular velocity. And are a powerful and economical solution. In this work became a successful attempt to detect and record the noise of a Anisotropic Magnetoresistors (AMR) sensor, hte HMC2003, which manufactured by Honeywell Inc. was tested for its ability to detect the magnetic field and as well as how the corruption, which are involved due to the noise.

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