scholarly journals Electroacupuncture at ST-36 Protects Interstitial Cells of Cajal via Sustaining Heme Oxygenase-1 Positive M2 Macrophages in the Stomach of Diabetic Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lugao Tian ◽  
Shuangning Song ◽  
Beibei Zhu ◽  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
M2 Macrophages ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Antioxidative Stress ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Background. Electroacupuncture (EA) at ST-36 has been reported to improve delayed gastric emptying and protect the networks of ICC in diabetic models. However, the mechanisms of the effects of EA are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the HO-1 positive M2 macrophages participate in the protective effects of EA for the ICC networks. Methods. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into five groups: the normal control group, diabetic group (DM), diabetic mice with sham EA group (SEA), diabetic mice with low frequency EA group (LEA), and diabetic mice with high frequency EA group (HEA). ICC network changes were detected by Ano1 immunostaining. F4/80 and HO-1 costaining was used to measure HO-1 positive macrophage expression. Western blot and PCR methods were applied to monitor HO-1, IL-10, and macrophage markers, respectively. The serum MDA levels were detected by a commercial kit. Results. This study presents the following results: (1) Compared with the control group, ICC networks were severely disrupted in the DM group, but no obvious changes were found in the LEA and HEA groups. (2) Many HO-1 positive macrophages could be observed in the LEA and HEA groups, and the expression of HO-1 was also markedly upregulated. (3) The IL-10 expression was obviously upregulated in the LEA and HEA groups. (4) The serum MDA levels were decreased in the real EA group. (5) When compared to the DM group, the expression of CD163 and Arg-1 was increased in the LEA and HEA groups, but the iNOS expression was decreased. Conclusion. The protective effects of EA on the networks of ICC may rely on the HO-1 positive macrophages to mediate anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture at ST36 Protects ICC Networks via mSCF/Kit-ETV1 Signaling in the Stomach of Diabetic Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lugao Tian ◽  
Beibei Zhu ◽  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Background. Electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 has been used to regulate gastric motility and effectively improve gastric emptying in diabetic patients. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms underlying the efficacy of this treatment remain unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the variations of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and explore the changes in mSCF/KIT-ETV1 signaling in the antrum and corpus of diabetic mice after treatment with EA.Methods. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into five groups: control group, diabetic group (DM), diabetic-plus-sham EA group (SEA), diabetic-plus-low-frequency EA group (LEA), and diabetic-plus-high-frequency EA group (HEA). The expression levels of Ano1, c-Kit, and ETV1 were assessed by immunofluorescence in the antrum and corpus. Western blotting and PCR methods were further used to evaluate c-Kit, mSCF, and ETV1 expression.Results. (1) c-Kit and Ano1 were obviously decreased in the DM group, but c-Kit reduced much more than Ano1. (2) The mSCF, c-Kit, and ETV1 mRNA and protein levels were obviously decreased in the DM group in both the antrum and the corpus (P<0.01), but they were significantly elevated in the LEA and HEA groups (P<0.01).Conclusions. Ano1 is a reliable marker to detect ICC changes in diabetes; low- and high-frequency EA at acupoint ST36 can protect the networks of ICC possibly via normal activation of mSCF/KIT-ETV1 signaling.

scholarly journals Calliandra portoricensis ameliorates ovarian and uterine oxido-inflammatory responses in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and benzo[a]pyrene-treated rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (16) ◽  
pp. 1490-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedoyin O Adefisan ◽  
Judith C Madu ◽  
Solomon E Owumi ◽  
Oluwatosin A Adaramoye
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Reproductive dysfunction stemming from chemical agents may lead to infertility. We examined the protective effects of Calliandra portoricensis ( CP) extract on benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and N-methyl- N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced ovarian and uterine toxicity in rat, treated as follows: control (group 1), NMU + BaP (group 2), groups 3 and 4 received (NMU + BaP), and CP (50 and 100 mg/kg), respectively. Group 5: CP (100 mg/kg) alone, group 6: (NMU + BaP) and vincristine (VIN: 0.5 mg/kg) and group 7: VIN alone. Rats were injected at age 7, 10, and 13 weeks with single doses of NMU and BaP for 10 consecutive weeks. NMU + BaP significantly ( P < 0.05) increased ovarian and uterine weight, and decreased bodyweight, while the organo-somatic index (OSI) of uterus and ovary increased 2.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively. CP co-treatment ameliorated the observed weight changes. Lipid peroxidation increased by 58% in the ovary, accompanied by decreases in ovarian and uterine GST, GPx, catalase activities, and total sulfhydryl level in NMU + BaP-treated rats. Uterine and ovarian myeloperoxidase activities, as well as nitric oxide levels also increased. CP co-treatment ameliorated the observed changes in antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, histopathology revealed fibrotic ovarian stroma, while uterine endometrium was infiltrated with inflamed cells. Immunohistochemistry showed weak expression of FSH, LH, p53, caspase-3, and Bax, whereas progesterone, iNOS, and Bcl-2 were strongly expressed in NMU + BaP-treated rats. CP treatment restored the architecture of these tissues. Conclusively, the root bark fraction of CP decreases oxido-inflammatory damage in ovarian and uterine tissues of NMU- and BaP-treated rats. Impact statement Infertility resulting from reproductive impairment is traumatic in families. Exposure to chemicals may play insidious roles not easily connected to infertility. We examined benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and N-methyl nitrosourea (NMU)-induced ovarian and uterine toxicity and the role of Calliandra portoricensis in mitigating toxicity. In a bid to illuminate folk medical claims cloaked in mystery, unearthing lost knowledge, advance natural chemopreventive agents, and report new evidence lacking in the literature attributed to CP. Although CP is known to exhibit anticonvulsant, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antirheumatic, and analgesic effects in humans, its possible roles for mitigating toxicity stemming from inadvertent chemical exposures are reported here. Our findings affirm and further show that CP abates toxic response incumbent on oxidative damage and inflammatory responses associated with NMU and BaP exposure. Development of phytochemical derived from CP may serve as a potential natural therapy against chemical toxicities in individuals inadvertently exposed, and promote human health and reproductive satiety.

scholarly journals Preemptive Analgesic and Antioxidative Effect of Curcumin for Experimental Migraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana E. Bulboacă ◽  
Sorana D. Bolboacă ◽  
Ioana C. Stănescu ◽  
Carmen A. Sfrângeu ◽  
Angelo C. Bulboacă
Keyword(s):  
Formalin Test ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidative Effect ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
Antioxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

Objective. Our study aimed to investigate the analgesic and antioxidative stress effects of Curcumin (CC) in experimental migraine induced by Nitroglycerin (NTG) on rats, compared with Indomethacin (ID) and Propranolol (PP) treatments. Material and Methods. Five groups of 10 rats treated i.p. were investigated: control group (healthy rats) injected with saline solution (0.9%), NTG-control group injected with NTG (1 mg/100 gbw, bw = body weight), and three groups with pretreatment applied 30 min previous to the formalin test (NTG + CC group: Curcumin (10 mg/100 gbw), NTG + PP group: Propranolol (100 μg/100 gbw), and NTG + ID group: Indomethacin (0.5 mg/100 gbw)). Formalin test was performed and number of flinches and shakes were counted. Several oxidative stress parameters were also assessed. Results. The smallest values of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), and total oxidative status (TOS) were observed on NTG + CC with significant differences as compared with the control group (p<0.0001). The group pretreated with Curcumin proved significantly smaller number of flinches and shakes compared with both NTG + PP and NTG + ID. Conclusion. Our study demonstrates a superior activity of Curcumin not only versus control, but also versus Propranolol and Indomethacin.

scholarly journals Hemin Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Renal Injury in Male Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Al-Kahtani ◽  
Ashraf M. Abdel-Moneim ◽  
Omar M. Elmenshawy ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Kersh
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Acute Renal Injury ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Renal Function Tests

Background.The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of hemin (the heme oxygenase-1 [OH-1] inducer) against nephrotoxic effects induced by cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (CP)] in male rats.Methods.The evaluation was performed through monitoring renal redox parameters: lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and reduced glutathione (GSH). The work also examined renal function tests (urea and creatinine), tissue proinflammatory mediator like nitric oxide (NO), and kidney cytopathology.Results.A single intraperitoneal dose of CP (10 mg/kg b.w.) caused significant elevation of blood urea, serum creatinine, and renal LPO and NO, along with significant decline of the activities of GPx and GR, but renal SOD activity and GSH level were statistically insignificant as compared to control group. Subcutaneous injection of hemin (40 µmol/kg b.w.) partially ameliorated CP-induced renal damage, based on suppression of blood urea, serum creatinine, the renal MDA and NO levels, and increased antioxidant capacity in CP-treated rats. The results of histopathological and ultrastructural investigations supported the renoprotective effect of hemin against CP-induced acute toxicity.Conclusion.The induction of HO-1 by hemin is a promising approach in the treatment of CP-induced nephrotoxicity. However, further preclinical studies are warranted to test effectiveness of CP/hemin on the outcome of tumor chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Effect of Spermidine on Ameliorating Spermatogenic Disorders in Diabetic Mice Via Regulating Glycolysis Pathway.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Yuan Wang ◽  
Duo Ma ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
Yong-Peng Tan ◽  
Ou Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM), a high incidence metabolic disease, is related to the impairment of male spermatogenic function. Spermidine (SPM), one of the biogenic amines, was identified from human seminal plasma and believed to have multiple pharmacological functions. However, there exists little evidence that reported SPM's effects on moderating diabetic male spermatogenic function. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the SPM's protective effects on testicular spermatogenic function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice. Therefore, 40 mature male C57BL/6J mice male were divided into four main groups: the control group (n=10), the diabetic group (n=10), the 2.5 mg/kg SPM-treated diabetic group (n=10) and the 5 mg/kg SPM-treated diabetic group (n=10), which was given intraperitoneally for 8 weeks. The type 1 diabetic mice model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ 120 mg/kg. The results showed that, compare to the control group, the body and testis weight, as well the number of sperm were decreased, while the rate of sperm malformation was significantly increased in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Then the testicular morphology was observed, which showed that seminiferous tubule of testis were arranged in mess, the area and diameter of which was decreased, along with downregulated anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2) expression, and upregulated pro-apoptotic factor (Bax) expression in the testes. Furthermore, testicular genetic expression levels of Sertoli cells (SCs) markers (WT1, GATA4) and Vimentin detected that the pathological changes aggravated observably, such as the severity of tubule degeneration increased. Compared to the saline-treated DM mice, SPM treatment markedly improved testicular function, with an increment in the body and testis weight as well as sperm count. Pro-apoptotic factor (Bax) was down-regulated expression with the up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and suppression of apoptosis in the testes. What’s more, expression of WT1, GATA4, Vimentin and the expressions of glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme genes (HK2, PKM2, LDHA) in diabetic testes were also upregulated by SPM supplement. The evidence derived from this study indicated that the SMP's positive effect on moderating spermatogenic disorder in T1DM mice's testis. This positive effect is delivered via promoting spermatogenic cell proliferation and participating in the glycolytic pathway's activation.

scholarly journals Effect of Addition of Melatonin on the Liquid Storage (5°C) of Mithun (Bos frontalis) Semen

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Perumal ◽  
Kezhavituo Vupru ◽  
K. Khate
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sperm Abnormality ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of melatonin (MT) on sperm motility, viability, total sperm abnormality, acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity, DNA abnormality, antioxidant profiles such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), enzymatic profiles such as aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), and biochemical profiles such as malonaldehyde (MDA) production and cholesterol efflux. Total numbers of 30 ejaculates were collected twice a week from eight mithun bulls and semen was split into five equal aliquots, diluted with the TEYC extender. Group 1 has semen without additives (control) and group 2 to group 5 have semen that was diluted with 1 mM, 2 mM, 3 mM, and 4 mM of melatonin, respectively. These seminal parameters, antioxidant, enzymatic, and biochemical profiles were assessed at 5°C for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 30 h of incubation. Inclusion of melatonin into diluent resulted in significant (P<0.05) decrease in percentages of dead spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa, and acrosomal abnormalities at different hours of storage periods as compared with control group. Additionally, melatonin at 3 mM has significant improvement in quality of mithun semen than melatonin at 1 mM, 2 mM or 4 mM stored inin vitrofor up to 30 h. It was concluded that the possible protective effects of melatonin on sperm parameters are it prevents MDA production and preserve the antioxidants and intracellular enzymes during preservation.

scholarly journals Protective effects of boron and vitamin E on ethylene glycol-induced renal crystal calcium deposition in rat

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bahadoran ◽  
MR Naghii ◽  
M Mofid ◽  
MH Asadi ◽  
K Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

AbstractObjectives. Kidney stone disease is a common form of renal disease. Antioxidants, such as vitamin E (Vit E) and boron, are substances that reduce the damage caused by oxidation.Methods. Adult male rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6). In group 1, rats received standard food and water for 28 days (control group); in group 2, standard rodent food and water with 0.75% ethylene glycol/d (dissolved in drinking water) (EG Group); in group 3, similar to group 2, with 3 mg of boron/d (dissolved in water) (EG+B Group); in group 4, similar to group 2, with 200 IU of vitamin E injected intraperitoneally on the first day and the 14th day, (EG+Vit E Group); in group 5, mix of groups 3 and 4, respectively (EG+B+Vit E Group).Results. Kidney sections showed that crystals in the EG group increased significantly in comparison with the control group. Crystal calcium deposition score in groups of EG+B (160), EG+Vit E, and EG+B+Vit E showed a significant decrease compared to EG group. Measurement of the renal tubules area and renal tubular epithelial histological score showed the highest significant dilation in the EG group. Tubular dilation in the EG+B+Vit E group decreased compared to the EG+B and EG+Vit E groups.Conclusions. Efficient effect of boron and Vit E supplements, separately and in combination, has a complimentary effect in protection against the formation of kidney stones, probably by decreasing oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture at ST36 Increases Bone Marrow-Derived Interstitial Cells of Cajal via the SDF-1/CXCR4 and mSCF/Kit-ETV1 Pathways in the Stomach of Diabetic Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jiao Zhao ◽  
Jing An ◽  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Background. The loss of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) is observed in diabetic gastroparesis. Electroacupuncture (EA) maintains ICC networks, but the effects and mechanisms of EA on ICC of bone marrow derivation in the stomach have not been investigated. Methods. C57BL/6 mice were randomized into six groups: control, diabetic (DM), bone marrow transplantation (BMT) + DM, BMT + DM + sham EA (SEA), BMT + DM + low-frequency EA (LEA), and BMT + DM + high-frequency (HEA). c-Kit+GFP+ cells in the stomach were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were employed to determine c-Kit, GFP, SDF-1, CXCR4, mSCF, pERK, and ETV1 expression. Results. (1) c-Kit+GFP+ cells were elevated in the BMT + DM + LEA and HEA groups. (2) The mRNA and protein levels of GFP, SDF-1, and CXCR4 were increased in the BMT + DM + LEA and BMT + DM + HEA groups. (3) The mRNA and protein levels of mSCF, c-Kit, pERK, and ETV1 were significantly reduced in the DM group but markedly elevated in the BMT + DM + LEA and HEA groups. Conclusion. EA at ST36 increases bone marrow-derived ICC in the stomach of diabetic mice via the SDF-1/CXCR4 and mSCF/c-Kit-ETV1 pathways.

Protective Effects of Volatile Agents against Methacholine-induced Bronchoconstriction in Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Habre ◽  
Ferenc Peták ◽  
Peter D. Sly ◽  
Zoltán Hantos ◽  
Denis R. Morel
Keyword(s):  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Airway Constriction ◽  
Impedance Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volatile Agents

Background The protective properties of common volatile agents against generalized lung constriction have previously been addressed only via estimations of parameters that combine airway and tissue mechanics. Their effectiveness in preventing airway constriction have not been compared systematically. Therefore, the authors investigated the abilities of halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane to provide protection against airway constriction induced by methacholine. Methods Low-frequency pulmonary impedance data were collected in open-chest rats under baseline conditions and during three consecutive intravenous infusions of methacholine (32 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)) while the animals were anesthetized with intravenous pentobarbital (control group). Methacholine challenges were performed in four other groups of rats, first during intravenous anesthesia and then repeated during the inhalation of halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, or desflurane at concentrations of 1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). Airway resistance and inertance, parenchymal damping, and elastance were estimated from the impedance data by model fitting. Results The methacholine-induced increases in airway resistance during intravenous pentobarbital anesthesia (204 +/- 53%) were markedly and significantly (P &lt; 0.005) reduced by 1-MAC doses of halothane (80 +/- 48%), isoflurane (112 +/- 59%), sevoflurane (68 +/- 34%), and desflurane (96 +/- 34%), with no significant difference between the gases applied. Increasing the concentration to 2 MAC did not lead to any significant further protection against the increase in airway resistance. Conclusions These data demonstrate that isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane are as effective as the widely accepted halothane in protecting against methacholine-induced airway constriction.

scholarly journals Triazophos induced neuro-splenic toxicity and evaluation of antioxidative potential of aqueous Broccoli extract in Wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-626
Author(s):  
Dharmender Sharma ◽  
Gurinder Kaur Sangha
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The present investigation was carried out to assess the antioxidative potential of Broccoli sprouts aqueous extract (BE) against triazophos (TZ) induced oxidative stress (OS) in brain and spleen. In the experimental setup, six groups of rats were formed; Control (group 1), BE (group 2), TZ (group 3), and also BE+TZ groups such as BE1 (group 4), BE2 (group 5) and BE3 (group 6) groups. Rats were orally intubated for 30 days as per experimental design. After sacrifice, OS biomarkers viz; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were determined in brain and spleen. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was observed in plasma and brain samples. Histological study of the spleen in TZ rats showed increased thickness of capsule, congestion and hypocellularity in follicles of spleen’s white pulp and the histoarchitecture was restored in TZ+BE group rats. TZ caused degenerative changes in brain histology and rats showed mild congestion along with haemorrhage in the cerebral cortex. Results suggest that TZ exposure is associated with neural toxicity along with altered spleen stress biomarkers, which further corroborates with histopathological findings. It is inferred that BE exerts multi-mechanistic protective effects against TZ induced neuro-splenic toxicity which is attributable to its protective antioxidant actions.

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