scholarly journals Patient-Specific Surgical Implants Made of 3D Printed PEEK: Material, Technology, and Scope of Surgical Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Honigmann ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Brando Okolo ◽  
Uwe Popp ◽  
Bilal Msallem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Material Technology ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Alloplastic Materials ◽  
Surgical Implants ◽  
Surgical Application

Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly gaining acceptance in the healthcare sector. Three-dimensional (3D) virtual surgical planning, fabrication of anatomical models, and patient-specific implants (PSI) are well-established processes in the surgical fields. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been used, mainly in the reconstructive surgeries as a reliable alternative to other alloplastic materials for the fabrication of PSI. Recently, it has become possible to fabricate PEEK PSI with Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology. 3D printing of PEEK using FFF allows construction of almost any complex design geometry, which cannot be manufactured using other technologies. In this study, we fabricated various PEEK PSI by FFF 3D printer in an effort to check the feasibility of manufacturing PEEK with 3D printing. Based on these preliminary results, PEEK can be successfully used as an appropriate biomaterial to reconstruct the surgical defects in a “biomimetic” design.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Assessment Strategy for 3D Printed Porous Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Patient-Specific Implants for Orbital Wall Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3563
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Dennis Welker ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Michaela Maintz ◽  
Hans-Florian Zeilhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
3D Printed

Pure orbital blowout fractures occur within the confines of the internal orbital wall. Restoration of orbital form and volume is paramount to prevent functional and esthetic impairment. The anatomical peculiarity of the orbit has encouraged surgeons to develop implants with customized features to restore its architecture. This has resulted in worldwide clinical demand for patient-specific implants (PSIs) designed to fit precisely in the patient’s unique anatomy. Material extrusion or Fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled the fabrication of implant-grade polymers such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), paving the way for a more sophisticated generation of biomaterials. This study evaluates the FFF 3D printed PEEK orbital mesh customized implants with a metric considering the relevant design, biomechanical, and morphological parameters. The performance of the implants is studied as a function of varying thicknesses and porous design constructs through a finite element (FE) based computational model and a decision matrix based statistical approach. The maximum stress values achieved in our results predict the high durability of the implants, and the maximum deformation values were under one-tenth of a millimeter (mm) domain in all the implant profile configurations. The circular patterned implant (0.9 mm) had the best performance score. The study demonstrates that compounding multi-design computational analysis with 3D printing can be beneficial for the optimal restoration of the orbital floor.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Assessment Strategy for 3d Printed Porous Polyetheretherketone (Peek) Patient-Specific Implants for Orbital Wall Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Dennis Welker ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Michaela Maintz ◽  
Hans-Florian Zeilhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
3D Printed

Pure orbital blowout fractures occur within the confines of the internal orbital wall. Restoration of orbital form and volume is paramount to prevent functional and esthetic impairment. The anatomical peculiarity of the orbit has encouraged surgeons to develop implants with customized features to restore its architecture. This has resulted in worldwide clinical demand for patient-specific implants (PSIs) designed to fit precisely in the patient's unique anatomy. Fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled the fabrication of implant-grade polymers such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), paving the way for a more sophisticated generation of biomaterials. This study evaluates the FFF 3D printed PEEK orbital mesh customized implants with a metric considering the relevant design, biomechanical, and morphological parameters. The performance of the implants is studied as a function of varying thicknesses and porous design constructs through a finite element (FE) based computational model and a decision matrix based statistical approach. The maximum stress values achieved in our results predict the high durability of the implants, and the maximum deformation values were under one-tenth of a millimeter (mm) domain in all the implant profile configurations. The circular patterned implant (0.9 mm) had the best performance score. The study demonstrates that compounding multi-design computational analysis with 3D printing can be beneficial for the optimal restoration of the orbital floor.

scholarly journals In-Hospital 3D Printed Scaphoid Prosthesis Using Medical-Grade Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Biomaterial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Philipp Honigmann ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Ralf Schumacher ◽  
Jasmine Rueegg ◽  
Mathias Haefeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Surgical Guides ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Medical Grade

Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing has become increasingly popular in the medical sector for the production of anatomical biomodels, surgical guides, and prosthetics. With the availability of low-cost desktop 3D printers and affordable materials, the in-house or point-of-care manufacturing of biomodels and Class II medical devices has gained considerable attention in personalized medicine. Another projected development in medical 3D printing for personalized treatment is the in-house production of patient-specific implants (PSIs) for partial and total bone replacements made of medical-grade material such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK). We present the first in-hospital 3D printed scaphoid prosthesis using medical-grade PEEK with fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technology.

Fused filament printing of specialized biomedical devices: a state-of-the art review of technological feasibilities with PEEK

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Rezvani Ghomi ◽  
Saeideh Kholghi Eshkalak ◽  
Sunpreet Singh ◽  
Amutha Chinnappan ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Biomedical Devices ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose The potential implications of the three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology are growing enormously in the various health-care sectors, including surgical planning, manufacturing of patient-specific implants and developing anatomical models. Although a wide range of thermoplastic polymers are available as 3DP feedstock, yet obtaining biocompatible and structurally integrated biomedical devices is still challenging owing to various technical issues. Design/methodology/approach Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is an organic and biocompatible compound material that is recently being used to fabricate complex design geometries and patient-specific implants through 3DP. However, the thermal and rheological features of PEEK make it difficult to process through the 3DP technologies, for instance, fused filament fabrication. The present review paper presents a state-of-the-art literature review of the 3DP of PEEK for potential biomedical applications. In particular, a special emphasis has been given on the existing technical hurdles and possible technological and processing solutions for improving the printability of PEEK. Findings The reviewed literature highlighted that there exist numerous scientific and technical means which can be adopted for improving the quality features of the 3D-printed PEEK-based biomedical structures. The discussed technological innovations will help the 3DP system to enhance the layer adhesion strength, structural stability, as well as enable the printing of high-performance thermoplastics. Originality/value The content of the present manuscript will motivate young scholars and senior scientists to work in exploring high-performance thermoplastics for 3DP applications.

3D Printing in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Applications and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Verghi ◽  
Vincenzo Catanese ◽  
Antonio Nenna ◽  
Nunzio Mastroianni ◽  
Mario Lusini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Perfect Match ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Traditional Pattern

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is emerging as an innovative tool for a tailored approach to endovascular or open procedures. The efforts of different specialists and data analysis can be used to fabricate patient-specific implants, which might have significant impact even in life-saving procedures such as aortic dissections or aortic arch aneurysm. 3D printing is gradually changing the traditional pattern of diagnosis and treatment. This innovative approach allows a perfect match between the patient's anatomy and the prosthetic graft, ideally resulting in better hemodynamics and improved long-term patency related to reduced turbulent flow. Future applications of 3D printing in the cardiovascular field combined with tissue engineering will enhance the therapeutic features of bioprinted tissues and scaffolds for regenerative medicine. This review will summarize the clinical significance of 3D printing in cardiovascular disease, exploring current applications, translational outlooks and future perspectives.

Development of JIT patient-specific implants

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne SOBEL ◽  
Katrina SKELLERN ◽  
Kat PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Project Team ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Critical System ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Human Centred Design

Design thinking and human-centred design is often discussed and utilised by teams and organisations seeking to develop more optimal, effective or innovative solutions for better customer outcomes. In the healthcare sector the opportunity presented by the practice of human-centred design and design thinking in the pursuit of better patient outcomes is a natural alignment. However, healthcare challenges often involve complex problem sets, many stakeholders, large systems and actors that resist change. High-levels of investment and risk aversion results in the status quo of traditional technology-led processes and analytical decision-making dominating product and strategy development. In this case study we present the opportunities, challenges and benefits that including a design-led approach in developing complex healthcare technology can bring. Drawing on interviews with participants and reflections from the project team, we explore and articulate the key learning from using a design-led approach. In particular we discuss how design-led practices that place patients at the heart of technology development facilitated the project team in aligning key stakeholders, unearthing critical system considerations, and identifying product and sector-wide opportunities.

scholarly journals Effects of 3D Printing-Line Directions for Stretchable Sensor Performances

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Chi Cuong Vu ◽  
Thanh Tai Nguyen ◽  
Sangun Kim ◽  
Jooyong Kim
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Times ◽  
Stretchable Sensors

Health monitoring sensors that are attached to clothing are a new trend of the times, especially stretchable sensors for human motion measurements or biological markers. However, price, durability, and performance always are major problems to be addressed and three-dimensional (3D) printing combined with conductive flexible materials (thermoplastic polyurethane) can be an optimal solution. Herein, we evaluate the effects of 3D printing-line directions (45°, 90°, 180°) on the sensor performances. Using fused filament fabrication (FDM) technology, the sensors are created with different print styles for specific purposes. We also discuss some main issues of the stretch sensors from Carbon Nanotube/Thermoplastic Polyurethane (CNT/TPU) and FDM. Our sensor achieves outstanding stability (10,000 cycles) and reliability, which are verified through repeated measurements. Its capability is demonstrated in a real application when detecting finger motion by a sensor-integrated into gloves. This paper is expected to bring contribution to the development of flexible conductive materials—based on 3D printing.

Investigation of three-dimensional printing materials for printing aorta model replicating Type B aortic dissection

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-An Wu ◽  
Andrew Squelch ◽  
Zhonghua Sun
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Type B ◽  
Type B Aortic Dissection ◽  
Ct Attenuation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
3D Printed

Aim: To determine a printing material that has both elastic property and radiology equivalence close to real aorta for simulation of endovascular stent graft repair of aortic dissection. Background: With the rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, a patient-specific 3D printed model is able to help surgeons to make better treatment plan for Type B aortic dissection patients. However, the radiological properties of most 3D printing materials have not been well characterized. This study aims to investigate the appropriate materials for printing human aorta with mechanical and radiological properties similar to the real aortic computed tomography (CT) attenuation. Objective: Quantitative assessment of CT attenuation of different materials used in 3D printed models of aortic dissection for developing patient-specific 3D printed aorta models to simulate type B aortic dissection. Method: A 25-mm length of aorta model was segmented from a patient’s image dataset with diagnosis of type B aortic dissection. Four different elastic commercial 3D printing materials, namely Agilus A40 and A50, Visijet CE-NT A30 and A70 were selected and printed with different hardness. Totally four models were printed out and conducted CT scanned twice on a 192-slice CT scanner using the standard aortic CT angiography protocol, with and without contrast inside the lumen.Five reference points with region of interest (ROI) of 1.77 mm2 were selected at the aortic wall and intimal flap and their Hounsfield units (HU) were measured and compared with the CT attenuation of original CT images. The comparison between the patient’s aorta and models was performed through a paired-sample t-test to determine if there is any significant difference. Result: The mean CT attenuation of aortic wall of the original CT images was 80.7 HU. Analysis of images without using contrast medium showed that the material of Agilus A50 produced the mean CT attenuation of 82.6 HU, which is similar to that of original CT images. The CT attenuation measured at images acquired with other three materials was significantly lower than that of original images (p<0.05). After adding contrast medium, Visijet CE-NT A30 had an average CT attenuation of 90.6 HU, which is close to that of the original images with statistically significant difference (p>0.05). In contrast, the CT attenuation measured at images acquired with other three materials (Agilus A40, A50 and Visiject CE-NT A70) was 129 HU, 135 HU and 129.6 HU, respectively, which is significantly higher than that of original CT images (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both Visijet CE-NT and Agilus have tensile strength and elongation close to real patient’s tissue properties producing similar CT attenuation. Visijet CE-NT A30 is considered the appropriate material for printing aorta to simulate contrast-enhanced CT imaging of type B aortic dissection. Due to lack of body phantom in the experiments, further research with simulation of realistic anatomical body environment should be conducted.

scholarly journals Optimization of the 3D Printing Parameters for Tensile Properties of Specimens Produced by Fused Filament Fabrication of 17-4PH Stainless Steel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Godec ◽  
Santiago Cano ◽  
Clemens Holzer ◽  
Joamin Gonzalez-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Steel Powder ◽  
Extrusion Temperature ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Printing Parameters

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) combined with debinding and sintering could be an economical process for three-dimensional (3D) printing of metal parts. In this paper, compounding, filament making, and FFF processing of feedstock material with 55% vol. of 17-4PH stainless steel powder in a multicomponent binder system are presented. The experimental part of the paper encompasses central composite design for optimization of the most significant 3D printing parameters (extrusion temperature, flow rate multiplier, and layer thickness) to obtain maximum tensile strength of the 3D-printed specimens. Here, only green specimens were examined in order to be able to determine the optimal parameters for 3D printing. The results show that the factor with the biggest influence on the tensile properties was flow rate multiplier, followed by the layer thickness and finally the extrusion temperature. Maximizing all three parameters led to the highest tensile properties of the green parts.

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