Screening Circulating Tumor Cells as a Noninvasive Cancer Test in 3388 Individuals from High-Risk Groups (ICELLATE2)

Cancer is known to spread up to 12 years before clinical symptoms occur, but few screening tests exist. Early detection would give the opportunity for early treatment, potentially improving prognosis. To this end, 3388 subjectively healthy individuals of age 45 to 80 who had been exposed to cancer risk factors were screened for the occurrence of circulating tumor cells in their blood. Presence of circulating tumor cells is a suspicious finding indicative of spreading cancer, since cancer metastasizes by way of the blood and offers the opportunities to (a) follow up the individual clinically based on established guidelines for early detection of cancer and (b) evaluate the cells further analytically. 107 individuals showed one or more circulating tumor cells in a 7.5 ml blood sample, which constitutes a positive circulating tumor cell test, based on the iCellate IsoPic™ laboratory test. That number compares favorably with the cancer incidence per 100,000 people/year that is 157.1 in Peru, given that a high-risk group of individuals was screened and that the screening results would be expected to correspond to an accumulated incidence of up to 12 years. The present findings therefore identify screening for circulating tumor cells as a promising new test.

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New Onset of DiabetEs in aSsociation with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (NODES Trial): protocol of a prospective, multicentre observational trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037267 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e037267

Author(s):

Dóra Illés ◽

Emese Ivány ◽

Gábor Holzinger ◽

Klára Kosár ◽

M Gordian Adam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Early Detection ◽

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Risk Group ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Onset Diabetes ◽

Dismal Prognosis ◽

New Onset

IntroductionPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis with an overall 5-year survival of approximately 8%. The success in reducing the mortality rate of PDAC is related to the discovery of new therapeutic agents, and to a significant extent to the development of early detection and prevention programmes. Patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) represent a high-risk group for PDAC as they have an eightfold higher risk of PDAC than the general population. The proposed screening programme may allow the detection of PDAC in the early, operable stage. Diagnosing more patients in the curable stage might decrease the morbidity and mortality rates of PDAC and additionally reduce the burden of the healthcare.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective, multicentre observational cohort study. Patients ≥60 years old diagnosed with new-onset (≤6 months) diabetes will be included. Exclusion criteria are (1) Continuous alcohol abuse; (2) Chronic pancreatitis; (3) Previous pancreas operation/pancreatectomy; (4) Pregnancy; (5) Present malignant disease and (6) Type 1 DM. Follow-up visits are scheduled every 6 months for up to 36 months. Data collection is based on questionnaires. Clinical symptoms, body weight and fasting blood will be collected at each, carbohydrate antigen 19–9 and blood to biobank at every second visit. The blood samples will be processed to plasma and analysed with mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics. The metabolomic data will be used for biomarker validation for early detection of PDAC in the high-risk group patients with new-onset diabetes. Patients with worrisome features will undergo MRI or endoscopic ultrasound investigation, and surgical referral depending on the radiological findings. One of the secondary end points is the incidence of PDAC in patients with newly diagnosed DM.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Hungarian Medical Research Council (41085-6/2019). We plan to disseminate the results to several members of the healthcare system includining medical doctors, dietitians, nurses, patients and so on. We plan to publish the results in a peer-reviewed high-quality journal for professionals. In addition, we also plan to publish it for lay readers in order to maximalise the dissemination and benefits of this trial.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov NCT04164602

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Anti-GD2 immunotherapy with the chimeric antibody ch14.18 for high-risk neuroblastoma

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology ◽

10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-3-173-188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 173-178

Author(s):

T. V. Shamanskaya ◽

N. A. Andreeva ◽

D. T. Utalieva ◽

D. Yu. Kachanov

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

High Risk ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Multimodal Therapy ◽

Risk Groups ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Chimeric Antibody ◽

High Dose ◽

Term Survival ◽

Hematopoietic Stem

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children 0–14 years old. Current risk-adapted treatment programs are based on stratification of patient into three risk groups. 40–50% of patients are stratified into the high-risk group. The prognosis in high-risk patients remains poor (the probability of long-term survival is less than 50%), despite the use of aggressive multimodal therapy, including high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In most cases tumor cells in neuroblastoma express disialoganglioside GD2, which is a possible target for immunotherapy. Over the past 30 years, GD2-directed chimeric monoclonal antibodies ch14.18 have been introduced into clinical practice. A number of clinical studies have shown an improvement in the prognosis in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma, when using monoclonal antibodies ch14.18, primarily due to the eradication of the minimal residual population of tumor cells resistant to standard chemotherapy. This literature review summarizes the international experience in the use of monoclonal antibodies ch14.18 from early phases of clinical trials to large randomized trials, which allowed immunotherapy to be considered as an important component of multimodal therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma. Future prospects for the use and place of immunotherapy in first-line therapy of high-risk neuroblastoma and in relapsed setting are considered.

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Molecular detection of circulating tumor cells is an independent prognostic factor in patients with high-risk cutaneous melanoma

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.20347 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 111 (5) ◽

pp. 741-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Simone Mocellin ◽

Paolo Del Fiore ◽

Laura Guarnieri ◽

Romano Scalerta ◽

Mirto Foletto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Cutaneous Melanoma ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Independent Prognostic Factor

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Technical Insights into Highly Sensitive Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Fixed and Live Circulating Tumor Cells for Early Detection of Tumor Invasion

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0169427 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. e0169427 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Sophie Laget ◽

Lucile Broncy ◽

Katia Hormigos ◽

Dalia M. Dhingra ◽

Fatima BenMohamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Tumor Invasion ◽

Highly Sensitive

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Establishment of an immune-related gene pairs model to predict colon adenocarcinoma prognosis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35654/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jihang Luo ◽

Puyu Liu ◽

Leibo Wang ◽

Yi Huang ◽

Yuanyan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Group ◽

Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽

Risk Groups ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Related Gene ◽

Immune Genes ◽

Gene Pairs ◽

Immune Related Gene

Abstract Background Colon cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer and has high morbidity and mortality. Colon adenocarcinoma(COAD) is the main pathological type of colon cancer. There is a lot of evidence describing the correlation between the prognosis of COAD and the immune system. The objective of the current study was the development of a robust prognostic immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) model for estimating overall survival of COAD. Methods The gene expression profiles and clinical information of patients with colon adenocarcinoma come from TCGA and GEO databases and are divided into training and validation cohorts. Immune genes were selected which show significantly association with prognosis. Results Among 1647 immune genes, a 17 IRGPs model was built which was significantly associated with OS in the training cohort. In the training and validation data set, the IRGPs model divided patients into high-risk groups and low-risk groups, and the prognosis of the high-risk group was significantly worse( P <0.001). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis confirmed the feasibility of this model. Functional analysis confirmed that multiple tumor progression and stem cell growth-related pathways in high-risk groups were up-regulated. T cells regulatory and Macrophage M0 were significantly highly expressed in the high-risk group. Conclusion We successfully constructed an IRGPs model that can predict the prognosis of COAD, which provides new insights into the treatment strategy of COAD.

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Retrospective Comparative Analysis of POPF Using Fistula Risk Score According to Pancreaticoenterostomy Method

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/intsurg-d-20-00033.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 105 (1-3) ◽

pp. 559-563

Author(s):

Seungmin Lee ◽

Kwang Yeol Paik

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Pancreatic Fistula ◽

Risk Score ◽

Risk Group ◽

Risk Groups ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula ◽

Clinical Risk Score ◽

Reconstructive Methods ◽

Fistula Risk Score

Background The aim of this study is to examine whether pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) or pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) is the better reconstructive method to reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) according to the fistula risk. Methods An institutional database was reviewed for patients undergoing PD between January 2008 and August 2019. A total of 159 patients were stratified into 4 groups according to the Clinical Risk Score-Pancreatic Fistula. POPF according to 4 risk groups was compared between PJ and PG. Results Of the 159 patients, 82 underwent PG (51.6%) and 77 underwent PJ (48.4%) reconstruction. POPF rate was 17.1% (n = 14) in the PG group and 12.9% (n = 10) in the PJ group (P = 0.51). POPF rates were not different in intermediate, low, and negligible risks between 2 reconstructive methods. In the high-risk group (n = 47), there were 4 POPFs (22.2%) in PJ group and 9 (31.0%) in the PG group, respectively (P = 0.74). Conclusion In PD, there was no superior method of reconstruction with regard to POPF, even in high-risk glands.

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Edukasi Kesehatan sebagai Upaya Preventif Penyakit Hepatitis B dan C pada Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan

AKSIOLOGIYA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.30651/aks.v4i1.2164 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Patricia Gita Naully ◽

Perdina Nursidika

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

High Risk ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Health Services ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Modes Of Transmission ◽

Lecture Method ◽

The Government

ABSTRAK Hepatitis B dan C dianggap paling berbahaya diantara jenis hepatitis yang lain karena keduanya dapat berkembang menjadi penyakit kronik, sering tanpa gejala, dan menyebabkan kematian. Salah satu upaya yang disarankan oleh WHO untuk mencegah peningkatan angka Hepatitis B dan C adalah melakukan kegiatan edukasi kesehatan bagi masyarakat, khususnya kelompok beresiko tinggi seperi Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan (WBP). Oleh sebab itu, kegiatan penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan WBP terkait penyebab, gejala, cara penularan, pencegahan, dan layanan kesehatan yang disediakan oleh pemerintah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Narkotika Kelas IIA Bandung dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang WBP. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis hasil kuesioner dan nilai tes para peserta. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil evaluasi membuktikan bahwa mayoritas WBP melakukan tindakan beresiko tinggi karena keterbatasan pengetahuan dan informasi, namun setelah mendapatkan materi penyuluhan terlihat adanya peningkatan nilai tes pada seluruh peserta. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan WBP di Lapas Narkotika Kelas IIA Bandung terkait penyebab, gejala klinis, cara penularan, pencegahan, serta beberapa layanan kesehatan pemerintah untuk mencegah, mendiagnosa, serta mengobati penyakit Hepatitis B dan C.Kata Kunci: hepatitis B; hepatitis C; penyuluhan; lembaga pemasyarakatanABSTRACTHepatitis B and C are considered as the most dangerous hepatitis types compared to the other, because both can develop into chronic diseases, asymptomatic, and cause death. One of the methods suggested by WHO to prevent an increase of Hepatitis B and C numbers is to conduct health education activities for the community, especially for the high-risk groups such as prisoners (WBP). Therefore, the aim of this extension activity was to upgrade the WBP's knowledge regarding the disease causes, symptoms, transmission methods, prevention, and health services provided by the government. This activity was conducted in Bandung Narcotics Penitentiary class IIA, with 30 WBP participants. The extention was done by the lecture method. Then, the activity evaluation was done by analyzing of questionnaire results and participants' test-scores. Besides, the analysis technique used was descriptive analysis. The evaluation result proved that the majority of WBP taking the high-risk action due to the limited of knowledge and information, but there was a test-score increase for all participants after obtaining counseling materials. This activity was successful to improve the WBP's knowledge in Bandung Narcotics Penitentiary class IIA related to the causes, clinical symptoms, modes of transmission, prevention, and also some government health services to prevent, diagnose, and treat the Hepatitis B and C.Keywords : extension; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; prison.

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