Pharmacological Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Oral and Skin Infections in Ebem-Ohafia District, Abia State, Nigeria

Oral and skin infections contribute significantly to the global health challenges responsible for the current trend of increased morbidity and premature death. The purpose of this study was to document medicinal plants used in the management of oral and skin infections in Ebem-Ohafia Local Government Area (LGA), Abia State, and to characterize the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling of ten of the selected folklore medicine was carried out using a various solvent system of different polarity index. The antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was evaluated using chemical-based methods, and its antibacterial effect was investigated using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Sixty-one plant species belonging to 26 families were discovered, and the most frequently cited species are Euphorbiaceae (18.03%), Fabaceae (11.47%), and Asteraceae (11.47%). All the plant extracts showed a promising free radical scavenging activity and efficient ferric reducing antioxidant power in a concentration-dependent manner possibly due to their richness in polyphenol with TLC profiling showing maximum three bands of phytochemicals. Also, the plant extracts exhibited a mild to weak antibacterial activity against our panel of bacterial strains having MIC values ranging from 256 to > 512 μg/ mL reflected in their zone of inhibition at 10 μg/disc. The data obtained for Breynia nivosa (BN), Eleusine indica (EI), Cassia alata (CA), Chromolaena odorata (CO), and Acalypha hispida (AH) extracts substantiate the traditional use of these herbal remedies in the region and open the possibility for the development of cheaper and affordable drugs in the treatment of oral and skin infections. Further studies are needed to identify active ingredient with strong antibacterial and antioxidant capacities along with their molecular mechanisms.

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Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3619 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 1278-1285

Author(s):

Mohamed Yafout ◽

Amine Ousaid ◽

Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani ◽

Youssef Khayati ◽

Amal Ait Haj Said

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

World Health ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Promising Source

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

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Antibacterial, antioxidant, and sun protection potential of selected ethno medicinal plants used for skin infections in Uganda

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00342-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jane Namukobe ◽

Peter Sekandi ◽

Robert Byamukama ◽

Moses Murungi ◽

Jennifer Nambooze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Sun Protection ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Skin Infections ◽

Double Beam ◽

Protection Potential ◽

Bacterial Skin Infections

Abstract Background Rural populations in Uganda rely heavily on medicinal plants for the treatment of bacterial skin infections. However, the efficacy of these medicinal plants for their pharmacological action is not known. The study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial, antioxidant, and sun protection potential of Spermacoce princeae, Psorospermum febrifugum, Plectranthus caespitosus, and Erlangea tomentosa extracts. Methods The plant samples were extracted by maceration sequentially using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and distilled water. Antibacterial activity of each extract was carried out using an agar well diffusion assay against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonie, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella typhi. Acute dermal toxicity of the aqueous extract of S. princeae and P. febrifugum, and E. tomentosa was assessed in young adult healthy Wistar albino rats at a dose of 8000 and 10,000 mg/kg body weight. The antioxidant activity of each extract was carried out using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The sun protection factor was determined using Shimadzu UltraViolet-Visible double beam spectrophotometer between 290 and 320 nm. Results The plant extracts showed good antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 3.12 and 12.5 mg/ml. There was no significant change in the levels of creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase in the rats even at a higher dose of 10,000 mg/kg, which was related to the results of biochemical analysis of the blood samples from the treated and control groups. The aqueous and methanol extracts of S. princeae showed potential antioxidant properties, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 59.82 and 61.20 μg/ml respectively. The organic and aqueous extracts of P. caespitosus showed high levels of protection against Ultraviolet light with sun protection potential values ranging between 30.67 and 37.84. Conclusions The study demonstrated that the selected medicinal plants possessed good antibacterial, antioxidant, and sun protection properties. Therefore, the plants are alternative sources of antibacterial, antioxidant, and sun protection agents in managing bacterial skin infections.

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Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity of Herniaria hirsuta from Morocco

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2018/7470384 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kenza Ammor ◽

Dalila Bousta ◽

Sanae Jennan ◽

Bahia Bennani ◽

Abdellah Chaqroune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts for aerial parts of Herniaria hirsuta. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests: DPPH free radical-scavenging, reducing power, and molybdenum systems. The screening of antibacterial activity of extracts was individually evaluated against sixteen bacteria species using a disc diffusion method. Flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins content were performed for both extracts. It shows higher content in the hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract showed a significant antioxidant activity for the three methods studies to the aqueous extract, but nonsignificant results compared to the reference (BHT). However, both extracts have negative effect on the strains studies for the antibacterial activity.

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Ultrasonic Extraction of Bioactive Compounds From Green Soybean Pods and Application in Green Soybean Milk Antioxidants Fortification

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1048606/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Noppol Leksawasdi ◽

Siraphat Taesuwan ◽

Trakul Prommajak ◽

Charin Techapun ◽

Rattanaporn Khonchaisri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Ultrasound Technique ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Soybean Milk

Abstract Green soybean (Glycine max L.) pods (GSP) are agro-industrial waste from the production of frozen green soybean and milk. These pods contain natural antioxidants and various bioactive compounds that are still underutilized. Polyphenols and flavonoids in GSP were extracted by ultrasound techniques and used in antioxidant fortification of green soybean milk. The ultrasound extraction that yielded the highest total polyphenol content was 50% amplitude for 10 min, whereas maximum flavonoids content was obtained at 50% amplitude for 15 min. Radical scavenging activity assayed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between the two conditions. Response surface methodology was applied to analyze an optimum ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) condition of these variables. The highest desirability was found to be 50% amplitude with extraction time of 12.5 min. Fortification of the GSP extracts (1-3% v/v) in green soybean milk resulted in higher levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. Procyanidins were found to be the main polyphenols in dried GSP which were present at the concentration of 104.1 ± 2.1 mg/g dry sample, respectively. Addition of GSP extracts obtained by using an ultrasound technique to green soybean milk increased its bioactive compound content especially procyanidins as well as its antioxidant activity.

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In vitro inhibitory potentials of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera flower against enzymes activities linked to diabetes

Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology ◽

10.34172/jhp.2021.48 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 408-414

Author(s):

Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde ◽

Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi ◽

Benjamin Olusola Omiyale ◽

Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Antioxidant Power

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been recognized as the seventh leading cause of global mortality; however, researchers seek alternative means to manage the menace. The current study sought to investigate antioxidant potentials, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera flower in vitro. Methods: Antioxidant properties of the extract were appraised by assessing its inhibition against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH•), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals, as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition.Results: In this study, ethanolic extract of M. oleifera flower demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against DPPH free radical (43.57–83.56%) in a concentration-dependent manner, while FRAP (101.76 ± 1.63 mg/100 g), OH• scavenging ability (71.62 ± 0.95 mg/100 g), and H2O2 free radical scavenging capacity (15.33 ± 1.20 mg/100 g) were also observed. In the same manner, ethanolic extract of M. oleifera flower revealed a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against α-amylase (IC50= 37.63 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase activities (IC50= 38.30 mg/mL) in the presence of their respective substrates in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with acarbose. Conclusion: Ethanoic extract of M. oleifera flower could be useful as an alternative phytotherapy in the management of DM, having shown a strong antioxidative capacity and substantial inhibition against the activities of key enzymes involved in carbohydrate hydrolysis in vitro.

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EXPLORATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF THE SEED COAT EXTRACT OF MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L. WILCZEK)

PLANT ARCHIVES ◽

10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.no1.222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nikhil Mehta ◽

Priyanka Rao ◽

Raman Saini

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽

Food Sources ◽

Human Lung Cancer ◽

Assay Method ◽

Antioxidant Power

Plant derived products are not just the part of our food but also it contains many phytochemicals that possess many medicinal properties to tackle various ailments. Studies on the phytochemicals in the food sources might lead to the discovery of more safe and reliable drugs. So keeping it in mind, present study aims on exploring the potential antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer potential of the seed coat extract of Vigna radiata. Seeds being very rich source of easily digestible proteins are part of vegetarian diet. Preliminary study on phytochemicals showed the significant differences in the composition of the seed coats and seeds without seed coat. Methanolic extract of seed coat showed good antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and negative bacteria with zones of inhibition ranging from 25-28.5 mm in diameter at concentration of 10 mg/ml. The extract also exhibited good antioxidant potential when tested with two different methods that are DPPH (2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay) method showing activity of 80% and 77% respectively at the concentration of 100 µg/ml. For anticancer activity checked by SRB assay against the human lung cancer cell line HOP-62, the extract at the concentration of 80 µg/ml showed 65% cell growth inhibition activity. The work concludes that seeds must be consumed with seed coat which has medicinal values due to rich antioxidant, antibacterial activity and anticancer potential thereby it could act as raw source of drugs for treating various ailments.

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Correlation between Antibacterial Activity and Free-Radical Scavenging: In-Vitro Evaluation of Polar/Non-Polar Extracts from 25 Plants

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8010117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mahmoud Rayan ◽

Baheer Abu-Farich ◽

Walid Basha ◽

Anwar Rayan ◽

Saleh Abu-Lafi

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Plant Species ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Wild Plant ◽

Foeniculum Vulgare ◽

Highly Active ◽

Depth Analysis

Objectives: The current study aimed to measure the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of 25 wild Palestinian edible plants, which were subjected to extraction by polar and non-polar solvents. Correlations between free radical scavenging activity and antibacterial activity of the extracts were assessed for both polar and non-polar fractions. Materials: Twenty-five wild edible plant species that are frequently consumed by people in Palestine (mainly in a rural area) were examined. Among them, 10 plant species were among those with the highest mean cultural importance values, according to an ethnobotanical survey that was conducted in the West Bank, Palestine, a few years ago. Method: The protocol of the DPPH assay for testing free-radical scavenging was utilized for determining EC50 values, while microdilution tests were conducted to determine the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the extracts for the microorganism Staphylococcus mutans. Results and Discussion: Eight extracts (non-polar fractions) were found to possess an antibacterial IC50 of less than 20 ppm, such as Foeniculum vulgare, Salvia palaestinafruticose, Micromeria fruticose, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Cichorium pumilum jacq, Salvia hierosolymitana boiss, Ruta chalepensis, and Chrysanthemum coronarium. The polar fractions possess higher antioxidant activity, while non-polar fraction possess higher antibacterial activity. Looking at all the results together can deceive and lead to the conclusion that there is no correlation between antibacterial activity against S. mutans and free radical scavenging (R2 equals 0.0538). However, in-depth analysis revealed that non-polar plant extracts with an EC50 of free radical scavenging ≤100 ppm have a four-fold order of enrichment toward more activity against S. mutans. These findings are of high importance for screening projects. A four-fold order of enrichment could save plenty of time and many in screening projects. The antibacterial active extracts marked by low-medium free radical scavenging might act through a mechanism of action other than that of highly active, free radical scavenging extracts. Conclusion: The screening of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity performed on 25 selected wild plant extracts revealed a satisfactory free radical scavenging and antimicrobial potential that could be of value in the management of oxidative stress. Further studies are recommended to explore novel and highly active natural antibacterial products.

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Antioxidant Potential of Selected Korean Edible Plant Extracts

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/7695605 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yaejin Woo ◽

Hyeji Lee ◽

Yong-Seob Jeong ◽

Ga Young Shin ◽

Ja Gyeong Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Camellia Japonica ◽

Antioxidant Power

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of various plant extracts. A total of 94 kinds of edible plant extracts obtained from the Korea Plant Extract Bank were screened for cytotoxicity, following which the total phenolic content of 24 shortlisted extracts was determined. Of these, extracts from three plants, namely, Castanea crenata (CC) leaf, Camellia japonica (CJ) fruit, and Viburnum dilatatum (VD) leaf, were examined for antioxidant capabilities by measuring radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. In addition, cellular antioxidant activities of the three extracts were assessed by a cell-based dichlorofluorescein assay and antioxidant response element (ARE) reporter activity assay. The results demonstrated that all three extracts concentration-dependently scavenged free radicals, inhibited lipid peroxidation, reduced the cellular level of reactive oxygen species, and increased ARE-luciferase activity, indicating antioxidant enzyme-inducing potential. In particular, CJ extract showed significantly greater antioxidative activity and antimigratory effect in a breast cancer cell line compared to CC and VD extracts. Hence, CJ extract deserves further study for its in vivo functionality or biologically active constituents.

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Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Of Methanolic Extract Of Machilus Odoratissima

Kathmandu University Journal of Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6045 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amit Subedi ◽

Mohan Prasad Amatya ◽

Tirtha Maiya Shrestha ◽

Shyam Kumar Mishra ◽

Bharat Mani Pokhrel

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Deoxy Sugar ◽

Radical Method ◽

Dose Dependent

The methanol extract of the bark of Machilus odoratissima was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compound like terpenoids, tannins, deoxy sugar, saponins and phenolic compounds. The methanol extract of the plant was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli & Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using cup plate method. The extract exhibited high free radical scavenging activity. IC50 was found to be 3.37μg/ml. Antibacterial activity was observed against S. aureus in dose dependent manner DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6045 KUSET 2012; 8(1): 73-80

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Keeping quality of beef sausage using ethanolic extract of gamma-irradiated pomegranate peel powder

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt1647029m ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 29-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ibrahim Mohammed ◽

Fawzy Hassanien ◽

Sahy El ◽

Mohammed Afify ◽

Abdeldaiem Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Gamma Irradiated

The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from gamma-irradiated pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel powder (PE) at the dose levels of 0, 3, 6, and 9 kGy. The ?ntioxidant activity of the extracts was estimated using the radical scavenging activity against 2,2?-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH?), ?-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching system, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Antibacterial activity of the extracts was assessed against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsilla penumoneae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhumurium. The results showed that PE treated with 6 kGy had a higher content of total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC), and antioxidant activity. Hence, the PE of 6 kGy-irradiated peels were selected to be added to beef sausage. Different concentrations of 6 KGy-irradiated PE were applied to improve beef sausage hygienic quality and extend the shelf life during cold storage (4?C). The results indicated that when 12 mL of the extract were added to one kg of beef sausage, the shelf-life of the sausage was extended from 15 days to 50 days (at 4?C), compared with the control, without changes of the microbiological, chemical, and sensory attributes.

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