scholarly journals A Full-Duplex MAC Tailored for 5G Wireless Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Lucas de Melo Guimarães ◽  
Jacir Luiz Bordim
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
High Data ◽  
Total Transmission ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Half Duplex ◽  
5G Network ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

The increasing demands for high-data rate traffic stimulated the development of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks. The envisioned 5G network is expected to meet its challenge by devising means to further improve spectrum usage. Many alternatives to enhance spectrum usage are being researched, such as massive MIMO, operation in mmWave frequency, cognitive radio, and the employment of full-duplex antennas. Efficient utilization of the potential of any of these technologies faces a set of challenges related to medium access control (MAC) schemes. This work focuses on MAC schemes tailored for full-duplex antennas, since they are expected to play a major role in the foreseeable 5G networks. In this context, this paper presents a MAC layer technique to improve total transmission time when full-duplex antennas are employed. Several evaluations in different scenarios are conducted to assess the proposed MAC scheme. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme provides gains up to 156% when compared to a state-of-the-art full-duplex antenna MAC protocol. Compared to traditional half-duplex antenna MAC protocols, the proposed scheme yields gain up to 412%.

MATCHING DIFFICULTIES: BELARUS IS PREPARING TO THE 5G NETWORKS DEPLOYMENT

LastMile ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ivashkin
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
5G Network ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Today, many countries around the world are actively building fifth generation mobile networks (5G/IMT-2020). The magazine Last Mile asked the director of the Republican unitary enterprise for supervision on telecommunications "BelGIE" of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter: State Enterprise "BelGIE") A.A. Ivashkin about the situation with the implementation of the 5G network in the Republic of Belarus.

A Power Optimization Algorithm for Ad Hoc Networks with Variable Rate Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 470 ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
Xuan Jie Ning ◽  
Hai Zhao ◽  
Mao Fan Yang ◽  
Dan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
High Data ◽  
Hoc Networks

This paper is concerned with the capacity of ad hoc networks employing pure ALOHA medium access control (MAC) protocol under the effect of different transmission power levels and variable data rate control. The data rate of a certain link is related to the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), and SINR is, in turn, related to the transmitted power and link distance. The increasing power conducts a high data rate, resulting in the high interference of networks. Consequently, the optimum power that yields maximum network throughput is a tradeoff between transmission rate and network interference. Mathematical model analysis for the ad hoc network capacity are presented in the paper. A revised expression to the approximate calculating of the capture probability in networks is proposed.

Standardization of 5G Mobile Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 742-769
Author(s):  
David Harborth ◽  
Maurice Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
The University ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

According to Rahim Tafazolli from the University of Surrey, users can expect the “perception of infinite capacity” from the future of mobile networks. The fifth generation of mobile networks, 5G, is expected to be released in 2020 and steps up to fulfill various expectations. This article systematically reviews existing research on standardization of 5G and provides an outlook on how to continue best in the future. The review of existing literature shows areas in standardization research, like standardization from a user's perspective, that are rarely covered. In the second part, the focus shifts towards specific publications of relevant standardization organizations and stakeholders for the 5G standardization. By matching the current status of the 5G standardization with historical success factors derived in the first part, this research shows that the standardization process of 5G is on a good way but acknowledges that there is much work to do in the future.

scholarly journals 5G Beyond 3GPP Release 15 for Connected Automated Mobility in Cross-Border Contexts

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6622
Author(s):  
Gorka Velez ◽  
Ángel Martín ◽  
Giancarlo Pastor ◽  
Edward Mutafungwa
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Business Perspective ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Open Issues ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

Fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks aim to be qualified as the core connectivity infrastructures to address connected automated mobility (CAM), both from a technological and from a business perspective, for the higher automation levels defined by the automotive industry. Specifically, in some territories such as the European Union the cross-border corridors have relevance, as they are the cohesive paths for terrestrial transport. Therefore, 5G for CAM applications is planned to be deployed there first. However, cross-border contexts imply paramount communication challenges, such as seamless roaming, not addressed by current technology. This paper identifies relevant future 5G enhancements, specifically those specified by Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) releases beyond Release 15, and outlines how they will support the ambitions of highly automated driving in cross-border corridors. In order to conduct this study, a set of representative use cases and the related communication requirements were identified. Then, for each use case, the most relevant 5G features were proposed. Some open issues are described at the end.

Probabilistic-Based Adaptive Full-Duplex and Half-Duplex Medium Access Control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Ying Chen ◽  
Ting-Feng Huang ◽  
Kate Ching-Ju Lin ◽  
Y.-W. Peter Hong ◽  
Ashutosh Sabharwal
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Half Duplex

scholarly journals Total Local Dose in Hypothetical 5G Mobile Networks for Varied Topologies and User Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Kuehn ◽  
Serge Pfeifer ◽  
Niels Kuster
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

In this study, the total electromagnetic dose, i.e., the combined dose from fixed antennas and mobile devices, was estimated for a number of hypothetical network topologies for implementation in Switzerland to support the deployment of fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems while maintaining exposure guidelines for public safety. In this study, we consider frequency range 1 (FR1) and various user scenarios. The estimated dose in hypothetical 5G networks was extrapolated from measurements in one of the Swiss 4G networks and by means of Monte Carlo analysis. The results show that the peak dose is always dominated by an individual’s mobile phone and, in the case of non-users, by the bystanders’ mobile phones. The reduction in cell size and the separation of indoor and outdoor coverage can substantially reduce the total dose by >10 dB. The introduction of higher frequencies in 5G mobile networks, e.g., 3.6 GHz, reduces the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the entire brain by an average of −8 dB, while the SAR in the superficial tissues of the brain remains locally constant, i.e., within ±3 dB. Data from real networks with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) were not available; the effect of adaptive beam-forming antennas on the dose will need to be quantitatively revisited when 5G networks are fully established.

scholarly journals Feasibility Analysis of Fifth-generation (5G) Mobile Networks for Transmission of Medical Imaging Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Spicher ◽  
Michael Schweins ◽  
Lennart Thielecke ◽  
Thomas Kurner ◽  
Thomas M. Deserno
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Medical Imaging Data ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

Standardization of 5G Mobile Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Harborth ◽  
Maurice Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
The University ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

According to Rahim Tafazolli from the University of Surrey, users can expect the “perception of infinite capacity” from the future of mobile networks. The fifth generation of mobile networks, 5G, is expected to be released in 2020 and steps up to fulfill various expectations. This article systematically reviews existing research on standardization of 5G and provides an outlook on how to continue best in the future. The review of existing literature shows areas in standardization research, like standardization from a user's perspective, that are rarely covered. In the second part, the focus shifts towards specific publications of relevant standardization organizations and stakeholders for the 5G standardization. By matching the current status of the 5G standardization with historical success factors derived in the first part, this research shows that the standardization process of 5G is on a good way but acknowledges that there is much work to do in the future.

scholarly journals In-Band Full Duplex Wireless LANs: Medium Access Control Protocols, Design Issues and Their Challenges

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Md. Ruhul Amin ◽  
Md. Shohrab Hossain ◽  
Mohammed Atiquzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Wireless Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Mac Protocols ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Wireless Medium

In-band full duplex wireless medium access control (MAC) protocol is essential in order to enable higher layers of the protocol stack to exploit the maximum benefits from physical layer full duplex technology. Unlike half duplex wireless local area network, a full duplex MAC protocol has to deal with several unique issues and challenges that arise because of the dynamic nature of the wireless environment. In this paper, we have discussed several existing full duplex MAC protocols and have shown qualitative comparisons among these full duplex MAC protocols. Full duplex in-band wireless communication has the potential to double the capacity of wireless network. Inter-client Interference (ICI) is a hindrance in achieving double spectral efficiency of the in-band full-duplex wireless medium. In this paper, we have classified existing solutions to the ICI problem and compared the solutions with respect to the proposed approaches, their advantages and disadvantages.We have also identified and discussed several issues and challenges of designing a full duplex MAC protocol. Results of qualitative comparisons of various wireless full duplex MAC protocols may be applied to design new protocols as well as researchers may find the identified issues and challenges helpful to solve various problems of a full duplex MAC protocol.

scholarly journals IB-MAC: Transmission Latency-Aware MAC for Electro-Magnetic Intra-Body Communications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungmin Kim ◽  
JeongGil Ko
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Data Rate ◽  
Ieee 802.15.6 ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
High Data ◽  
Electro Magnetic ◽  
Event Based

Intra-body Communication (IBC) is a communication method using the human body as a communication medium, in which body-attached devices exchange electro-magnetic (EM) wave signals with each other. The fact that our human body consists of water and electrolytes allows such communication methods to be possible. Such a communication technology can be used to design novel body area networks that are secure and resilient towards external radio interference. While being an attractive technology for enabling new applications for human body-centered ubiquitous applications, network protocols for IBC systems is yet under-explored. The IEEE 802.15.6 standards present physical and medium access control (MAC) layer protocols for IBC, but, due to many simplifications, we find that its MAC protocol is limited in providing an environment to enable high data rate applications. This work, based on empirical EM wave propagation measurements made for the human body communication channel, presents IB-MAC, a centralized Time-division multiple access (TDMA) protocol that takes in consideration the transmission latency the body channel induces. Our results, in which we use an event-based simulator to compare the performance of IB-MAC with two different IEEE 802.15.6 standard-compliant MAC protocols and a state-of-the art TDMA-based MAC protocol for IBC, suggest that IB-MAC is suitable for supporting high data rate applications with comparable radio duty cycle and latency performance.

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