scholarly journals Research on Local Government Governance and Enterprise Social Responsibility Behaviors under the Perspective of Cournot Duopoly Competition: Analyzing Taxi Companies and Online Car-Hailing Service Companies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintao Li ◽  
Zaisheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Dynamic Game Model ◽  
The Cost

Clarifying the rational choice strategy of local governments and enterprises is crucial for promoting control on the failure of taxis and online car-hailing service companies to fulfill their social responsibilities. The local government can reduce the negative externalities and irresponsibility of such companies by improving the regulatory system; thus, it is important to build a governance model that bridges tradition and modernity. This paper, on the basis of summarizing the achievements of the predecessors, builds a mixed dynamic game model among the local government, online car-hailing service companies, and taxi companies; analyzes the relationship between local government preference, execution, and governance of irresponsible enterprise behaviors; and analyzes the equilibrium solution between local government and duopoly enterprises behavior game deeply. The results show that the key to governance irresponsible companies is to make the punishment cost higher than the cost savings for irresponsible behaviors; no matter what the preference of the local government no-governance of online car-hailing service companies’ irresponsible behaviors may persist; and local government ambivalence when regulating irresponsible companies is derived from the complex relationship between social benefits and company interests. Finally, through the analysis of the equilibrium results for the above model, this paper provides suggestions on regulatory policies so as to provide theoretical support and a decision-making basis for establishing scientific, universal, and feasible governance policies and offering responsible methods of urban transportation.

Adoption of Social Media Services

2014 ◽  
pp. 287-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Hisham Mohd Sharif ◽  
Indrit Troshani ◽  
Robyn Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Web Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Media Services ◽  
Managerial Implications

The increasing diffusion of social media is attracting government organizations worldwide, including local government. Social media can help local government improve the manner in which it is engaged with community and its responsiveness whilst offering cost savings and flexibility. Yet, there is paucity of research in relation to the adoption of social media Web services in local government organizations. The aim of this chapter is to investigate the factors that drive the adoption of social media Web services within Australian local government. Using qualitative evidence, the authors find technological, organizational, and environmental factors that drive the decisions of local government organizations to adopt social media Web services. In addition to extending the existing body of knowledge, this chapter offers insight concerning important managerial implications for helping local governments to better understand social media adoption in their organizations.

Public Management Versus Private Management in the Provision of Drinking Water: What is the Cheapest?

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-292
Author(s):  
Bernardino Benito ◽  
María-Dolores Guillamón ◽  
Ana-María Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Private Management ◽  
Type Of Management

Advocates of the privatisation/outsourcing of public sector services defend the cost savings and greater efficiency derived from this type of management. In this sense, many local governments have opted to outsource the provision of some public services. However, empirical evidence for cost savings in the provision of public services is mixed. Accordingly, we analyze if the effective cost of drinking water provision depends on the type of management carried out by the local government for a sample of more than 3,500 Spanish municipalities. We find that provision of drinking water is cheaper if it is managed directly by the local government. Therefore, our results suggest that the provision of services privately does not always guarantee cost savings.

scholarly journals The Underlying Reasons behind the Development of Public Electric Buses in China: The Beijing Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Zeyuan Song ◽  
Yingqi Liu ◽  
Hongwei Gao ◽  
Suxiu Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Dynamic Game Model ◽  
Strategic Space

After great efforts towards the development of the electric vehicle (EV) industry and the use of its products in public transportation networks, more electric buses operate in China than in any other country in the world. As more investors will enter the industry, the effect of new participants on the development of the EV industry becomes an important issue. Based on the analysis of several key stakeholders (central and local governments, electric bus producers, users/bus companies, and providers of charging infrastructure in public transportation, this paper constructs a dynamic game-theory model to determine the main participants and their strategic space payoff functions, and ultimately estimates a Nash equilibrium. The dynamic game-model analysis clearly shows that the government’s decision to provide subsidies or not is currently affecting the entire industry and is an important prerequisite for a dynamic game. The user decides the pace of the development of this industry and the user’s management efficiency is a key factor affecting users’ needs. In addition, the availability of EVs and charging station facilities are equally important to the development of the industry.

scholarly journals Does the Underwriter Reputation Affect the Pricing of Local Government Bonds in China?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Hongdan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Securities Market ◽  
Government Bonds ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Securities Company ◽  
Underwriter Reputation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree

As the product of the combination of fiscal and financial, local government bonds should also follow the pricing mechanism of the securities market even under the special financial system in China. This paper uses Heckman's two-stage model to investigate whether the mechanism of underwriter reputation affects the pricing of local government bonds. The empirical results show that local governments tend to choose securities company underwriters with high reputation when they issue bonds with large scale, long maturity, and call right which have high degree of information asymmetry, and this tendency has an obvious time trend. However, high-reputation securities company underwriters failed to play the role of information intermediary to reduce the cost of local governments. On the contrary, implicit guarantees and government interventions induced the commercial banks to depress their quotations even leading to “interest rate upside down”, which resulted in the lack of securities company underwriters. In order to play the mechanism of underwriter reputation to promote the marketization of local government bonds pricing, this paper proposes to eliminate government interference, guide underwriters to strengthen the construction of their reputation, promote the marketization of underwriting fees and strengthen the supervision of underwriters.

Adoption of Social Media Services

2015 ◽  
pp. 900-916
Author(s):  
Mohd Hisham Mohd Sharif ◽  
Indrit Troshani ◽  
Robyn Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Web Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Media Services ◽  
Managerial Implications

The increasing diffusion of social media is attracting government organizations worldwide, including local government. Social media can help local government improve the manner in which it is engaged with community and its responsiveness whilst offering cost savings and flexibility. Yet, there is paucity of research in relation to the adoption of social media Web services in local government organizations. The aim of this chapter is to investigate the factors that drive the adoption of social media Web services within Australian local government. Using qualitative evidence, the authors find technological, organizational, and environmental factors that drive the decisions of local government organizations to adopt social media Web services. In addition to extending the existing body of knowledge, this chapter offers insight concerning important managerial implications for helping local governments to better understand social media adoption in their organizations.

scholarly journals Recreational Homes: Town Characteristics and Variations in Concentrations

1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Pamela H. Pataky ◽  
Edmund F. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
New England ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Over Time

Recreational home development has been and is likely to continue to be a major concern of many local governments in New England and elsewhere. Recreational homes are defined here as homes that are not the owner's primary residence and are used for vacation, leisure, or recreation. It is generally agreed that this type of development is initially beneficial to local government finances. While more town services may be required, the cost is usually outweighed by the added tax revenue. It is believed, however, that over time recreational homes may be converted to primary homes, which could lead to cost increases without proportional increases in revenue (Am. Soc. of Planning Officials, Clark, Payne). Also, from a wider perspective, the loss of agricultural and forest land to this use may not be desirable.

scholarly journals Asymmetric competition in food industry with product substitutability  

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 324-333
Author(s):  
Yang Yong-cong ◽  
Nie Pu-yan
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Cournot Competition ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Asymmetric Competition ◽  
Stackelberg Competition ◽  
Product Substitutability ◽  
Dynamic Game Model ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Quality Difference

The paper analyses the effects of asymmetric competition on food industry with product substitutability by establishing a two-stage dynamic game model. The equilibrium is captured under both the Cournot competition and Stackelberg competition. Firstly, under the Cournot competition, lower costs yield a higher quality, more outputs and higher profits. Secondly, the cost difference increases the quality difference, the market size difference and the profit difference. Thirdly, a U-shaped relationship between the product substitutability and the food quality exists. Finally, compared with the case under the Cournot competition, the food security is significantly reduced with the lower quality and less outputs in the case under the Stackelberg competition.  

Uniformity in Local Government System and the Governance Model in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okey Marcellus Ikeanyibe
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
State Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Governance Model

This paper examines the conceptual contradiction between a nationally uniform local government system as constitutionally provided in Nigeria, and, the principles of governance model that is presently believed to advance the course of service delivery in government. The paper argues that the straitjacketed constitutional provisions that require every state government to establish a patterned, uniform local government system, is conflict-generating, opposed to effective management and harnessing of local differences in a highly differentiated country like Nigeria, and averse to the multi-jurisdictional principle advocated by the proponents of the governance model. The focus of the paper therefore, is to investigate the extent the prescribed uniform system of local government hinders the application of the governance model that could advance the course of service delivery at the local level. The author suggests that contrary to the constitutional provisions on the nature of local government, which autonomy is not strongly protected by the constitution, the state governments should be allowed to determine the nature and structure of local governments in their domain to reduce the abuse of the local government system and entrench competitive local government practice. This will advance the greater use of local networks in local governance.

Judicial Reform in China: From the Perspective of Legal Fee Arrangements

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Yang ◽  
Yue Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Social Cost ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Reasoning ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Dynamic Game Model ◽  
The Cost

Abstract To achieve equality and justice is the main objective of China’s judicial reform. However, due to the scarcity of judicial resources in China, the cost of achieving equality and justice must be considered when designing the judicial system. Thus, how to balance equality, justice and judicial costs has become one of the most complicated questions of the reform. Analysis of the legal fee arrangements provides a unique perspective for this issue. In this paper, we use the method of law and economics to analyze this question. Through setting up a dynamic game model for litigation, we compare the effects of different legal fee arrangements on equality, justice and the social cost. Through data simulation, our theoretical findings are interpreted intuitively. The paper also scrutinizes institutional factors in system designing, which provides useful implications for the judicial reform. In addition, our research findings have amended the inconsistence of results between theoretical reasoning and empirical evidence.

scholarly journals Research on the Evolution of Collusion between Government and Civil Construction Enterprises in Environmental Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 02053
Author(s):  
Cao Yingying
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Optimal Strategy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Regional Migration ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Emission Behavior ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Way

Polluting civil construction enterprises usually use the way of "voting with their feet" to exert influence on the efforts of local government's environmental regulation, promote the formation of collusion between government and enterprises, and make the local government relax the supervision on the emission behavior of civil construction enterprises. Based on the Tibert model, this paper uses the evolutionary game method to study the collusion between government and enterprises in the cross regional migration of civil construction enterprises and its prevention. The results show that: when the civil construction enterprises comply with the production, the local government's optimal strategy is non collusion strategy; similarly, when the local government is not willing to collude, the non-collusion choice of civil construction enterprises will get higher benefits than collusion. In addition, the cost of civil construction enterprises transferring between different regions, the loss caused by the collusion between civil construction enterprises and local governments, and the probability of local government violations being found can effectively prevent the collusion between local governments and civil construction enterprises.

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