scholarly journals Test-Retest Reliability of Homeostatic Plasticity in the Human Primary Motor Cortex

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tribikram Thapa ◽  
Siobhan M. Schabrun
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Homeostatic Plasticity ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Homeostatic plasticity regulates synaptic activity by preventing uncontrolled increases (long-term potentiation) or decreases (long-term depression) in synaptic efficacy. Homeostatic plasticity can be induced and assessed in the human primary motor cortex (M1) using noninvasive brain stimulation. However, the reliability of this methodology has not been investigated. Here, we examined the test-retest reliability of homeostatic plasticity induced and assessed in M1 using noninvasive brain stimulation in ten, right-handed, healthy volunteers on days 0, 2, 7, and 14. Homeostatic plasticity was induced in the left M1 using two blocks of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied for 7 min and 5 min, separated by a 3 min interval. To assess homeostatic plasticity, 15 motor-evoked potentials to single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation were recorded at baseline, between the two blocks of anodal tDCS, and at 0 min, 10 min, and 20 min follow-up. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Moderate-to-good test-retest reliability was observed for the M1 homeostatic plasticity response at all follow-up time points (0 min, 10 min, and 20 min, ICC range: 0.43–0.67) at intervals up to 2 weeks. The greatest reliability was observed when the homeostatic response was assessed at 10 min follow-up (ICC>0.61). These data suggest that M1 homeostatic plasticity can be reliably induced and assessed in healthy individuals using two blocks of anodal tDCS at intervals of 48 hours, 7 days, and 2 weeks.

scholarly journals Noninvasive brain stimulation can elucidate and interact with the mechanisms underlying motor learning and retention: implications for rehabilitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 897-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Hinder ◽  
Paola Reissig ◽  
Hakuei Fujiyama
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Term Potentiation

Seminal work in animals indicates that learning a motor task results in long-term potentiation (LTP) in primary motor cortex (M1) and a subsequent occlusion of LTP induction (Rioult-Pedotti et al. J Neurophysiol 98: 3688–3695, 2007). Using various forms of noninvasive brain stimulation in conjunction with a motor learning paradigm, Cantarero et al. ( J Neurosci 33: 12862–12869, 2013) recently provided novel evidence to support the hypothesis that retention of motor skill is contingent upon this postlearning occlusion.

scholarly journals Brain stimulation for arm recovery after stroke (B-STARS): protocol for a randomised controlled trial in subacute stroke patients

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016566
Author(s):  
Eline C C van Lieshout ◽  
Johanna M A Visser-Meily ◽  
Sebastiaan F W Neggers ◽  
H Bart van der Worp ◽  
Rick M Dijkhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Subacute Stroke

IntroductionMany patients with stroke have moderate to severe long-term sensorimotor impairments, often including inability to execute movements of the affected arm or hand. Limited recovery from stroke may be partly caused by imbalanced interaction between the cerebral hemispheres, with reduced excitability of the ipsilesional motor cortex while excitability of the contralesional motor cortex is increased. Non-invasive brain stimulation with inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the contralesional hemisphere may aid in relieving a post-stroke interhemispheric excitability imbalance, which could improve functional recovery. There are encouraging effects of theta burst stimulation (TBS), a form of TMS, in patients with chronic stroke, but evidence on efficacy and long-term effects on arm function of contralesional TBS in patients with subacute hemiparetic stroke is lacking.Methods and analysisIn a randomised clinical trial, we will assign 60 patients with a first-ever ischaemic stroke in the previous 7–14 days and a persistent paresis of one arm to 10 sessions of real stimulation with TBS of the contralesional primary motor cortex or to sham stimulation over a period of 2 weeks. Both types of stimulation will be followed by upper limb training. A subset of patients will undergo five MRI sessions to assess post-stroke brain reorganisation. The primary outcome measure will be the upper limb function score, assessed from grasp, grip, pinch and gross movements in the action research arm test, measured at 3 months after stroke. Patients will be blinded to treatment allocation. The primary outcome at 3 months will also be assessed in a blinded fashion.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands. The results will be disseminated through (open access) peer-reviewed publications, networks of scientists, professionals and the public, and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberNTR6133

Screening for Neurocognitive Impairment in Pediatric Cancer Long-Term Survivors

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (25) ◽  
pp. 4138-4143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Krull ◽  
M. Fatih Okcu ◽  
Brian Potter ◽  
Neelam Jain ◽  
ZoAnn Dreyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Validity Data ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Purpose Recent studies suggest that up to 40% of childhood cancer survivors may experience neurocognitive problems, a finding that has led the Children's Oncology Group to recommend regular evaluation. However, for a variety of reasons, including costs, time restraints, health insurance, and access to professional resources, these guidelines are often difficult to implement. We report reliability and validity data on a brief neurocognitive screening method that could be used to routinely screen patients in need of comprehensive follow-up. Patients and Methods Two hundred forty consecutive patients were screened during their annual visits to a long-term survivor clinic using standard neurocognitive measures and brief parent rating. From this total, 48 patients had a second screening, and 52 patients had a comprehensive follow-up evaluation. Test-retest reliability and predictive and discriminative validity were examined. Results Good test-retest reliability was demonstrated, with an overall r = 0.72 and all individual subtest correlations greater than r = 0.40. Although means tended to improve from first to second testing, no significant changes were detected (all P > .10). The screen accurately predicted global intellect (F6,45 = 11.81, P < .0001), reading skills (F6,45 = 4.74, P < .001), and mathematics (F6,45 = 3.35, P < .008). Parent rating was a marginal indicator of global intellect only. Conclusion The brief neurocognitive screening was a better predictor of child functioning than specific parent rating. This brief measure, which can be completed in 30 minutes, is a practical and reliable method to identify cancer survivors in need of further neurocognitive follow-up.

scholarly journals Symptom-Dependent Changes in MEG-Derived Neuroelectric Brain Activity in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Chronic Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Don Krieger ◽  
Paul Shepard ◽  
Ryan Soose ◽  
Ava M. Puccio ◽  
Sue Beers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Neuroelectric measures derived from human magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings hold promise as aides to diagnosis and treatment monitoring and targeting for chronic sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study tests novel MEG-derived regional brain measures of tonic neuroelectric activation for long-term test-retest reliability and sensitivity to symptoms. Resting state MEG recordings were obtained from a normative cohort, Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (CamCAN), baseline: n = 619; mean 16-month follow-up: n = 253) and a chronic symptomatic TBI cohort, Targeted Evaluation, Action and Monitoring of Traumatic Brain Injury (TEAM-TBI), baseline: n = 64; mean 6-month follow-up: n = 39). For the CamCAN cohort, MEG-derived neuroelectric measures showed good long-term test-retest reliability for most of the 103 automatically identified stereotypic regions. The TEAM-TBI cohort was screened for depression, somatization, and anxiety with the Brief Symptom Inventory and for insomnia with the Insomnia Severity Index. Linear classifiers constructed from the 103 regional measures from each TEAM-TBI cohort member distinguished those with and without each symptom, with p < 0.01 for each—i.e., the tonic regional neuroelectric measures of activation are sensitive to the presence/absence of these symptoms. The novel regional MEG-derived neuroelectric measures obtained and tested in this study demonstrate the necessary and sufficient properties to be clinically useful—i.e., good test-retest reliability, sensitivity to symptoms in each individual, and obtainable using automatic processing without human judgement or intervention.

Test-Retest Reliability of the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenolé Loas ◽  
Valerie Yon ◽  
Jean Louis Monestès ◽  
Manuel J. Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Spanish Version ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
French Version ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Long-term reliability of the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ) was investigated in two follow-up studies of participants with psychosis using a test-retest method. In the first study ( N = 56), the duration of the follow-up ranged from 6 months to 2 years; Spearman rho was .62 for the abridged (18 items) Spanish version of the questionnaire. In Study 2 ( N = 21), in participants with stable schizophrenia, the follow-up ranged from 8 to 11 years; test-retest Spearman rho was .83 for the French version of the questionnaire. Subjective experiences could constitute, in psychosis-prone people, traits or markers of psychotic vulnerability.

Biological and anatomical factors influencing interindividual variability to noninvasive brain stimulation of the primary motor cortex: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pellegrini ◽  
Maryam Zoghi ◽  
Shapour Jaberzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Parameters

AbstractNoninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) modifies corticospinal excitability (CSE) historically in a predictable manner dependent on stimulation parameters. Researchers, however, discuss high degrees of variability between individuals, either responding as expected or not responding as expected. The explanation for this interindividual variability remains unknown with suggested interplay between stimulation parameters and variations in biological, anatomical, and physiological factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of variation in inherent factors within an individual (biological and anatomical factors) on CSE in response to NIBS of the primary motor cortex. Twenty-two studies were included investigating genetic variation (n=7), age variation (n=4), gender variation (n=7), and anatomical variation (n=5). The results indicate that variation in brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotypes may have an effect on CSE after NIBS. Variation between younger and older adults also affects CSE after NIBS. Variation between age-matched males and females does not affect CSE after NIBS, but variation across the menstrual cycle does. Variation between skull thickness and brain tissue morphology influences the electric field magnitude that ultimately reaches the primary motor cortex. These findings indicate that biological and anatomical variations may in part account for interindividual variability in CSE in response to NIBS of the primary motor cortex, categorizing individuals as responding as expected (responders) or not responding as expected (nonresponders).

scholarly journals Noninvasive brain stimulation enhances sustained muscle contractions by reducing neuromuscular fatigue: implications for rehabilitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 1215-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Muscle Contractions ◽  
Neuromuscular Fatigue ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders

Neuromuscular fatigue is due, in part, to central processes that involve failure of the nervous system to drive muscles maximally during exercise. A recent study by Abdelmoula, Baudry, and Duchateau ( Neuroscience 322: 94–103, 2016) showed that noninvasive brain stimulation can mitigate neuromuscular fatigue, however, does not rely on enhanced corticospinal excitability of the primary motor cortex. These findings are of high clinical importance because rehabilitative therapies are necessary to mitigate neuromuscular fatigue for patients with central nervous system disorders.

scholarly journals MEG-Derived Symptom-Sensitive Biomarkers with Long-Term Test-Retest Reliability

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Don Krieger ◽  
Paul Shepard ◽  
Ryan Soose ◽  
Ava Puccio ◽  
Sue Beers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Linear Classifiers ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Neuroelectric measures derived from human magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings hold promise as aides to diagnosis and treatment monitoring and targeting for chronic sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study tests novel MEG-derived regional brain measures of tonic neuroelectric activation for long-term test-retest reliability and sensitivity to symptoms. Resting state MEG recordings were obtained from a normative cohort (CamCAN, baseline: n = 613; mean 16-month follow-up: n = 245) and a chronic symptomatic TBI cohort (TEAM-TBI, baseline: n = 62; mean 6-month follow-up: n = 40). The MEG-derived neuroelectric measures were corrected for the empty-room contribution using a random forest classifier. The mean 16-month correlation between baseline and 16-month follow-up CamCAN measures was 0.67; test-retest reliability was markedly improved in this study compared with previous work. The TEAM-TBI cohort was screened for depression, somatization, and anxiety with the Brief Symptom Inventory and for insomnia with the Insomnia Severity Index and was assessed via adjudication for six clinical syndromes: chronic pain, psychological health, and oculomotor, vestibular, cognitive, and sleep dysfunction. Linear classifiers constructed from the 136 regional measures from each TEAM-TBI cohort member distinguished those with and without each symptom, p < 0.0003 for each, i.e., the tonic regional neuroelectric measures of activation are sensitive to the presence/absence of these symptoms and clinical syndromes. The novel regional MEG-derived neuroelectric measures obtained and tested in this study demonstrate the necessary and sufficient properties to be clinically useful, i.e., good test-retest reliability, sensitivity to symptoms in each individual, and obtainable using automatic processing without human judgement or intervention.

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