The Effect of Anterior Uterocervical Angle on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Disease Severity

Background. Primary dysmenorrhea, defined as painful menstrual cramps originating in the uterus without underlying pathology, is a gynecological disease that affects quality of life and school success. Our goal was to determine the effect of anterior uterocervical angle on primary dysmenorrhea and disease severity. Methods. A total of 200 virgin adolescents, 16 to 20 years of age, were included in the study. The Andersch and Milsom scale was used to determine dysmenorrhea severity. Those with pathologies causing secondary dysmenorrhea were excluded from the study. Study subjects were grouped based on severity of pain. Demographic characteristics and uterocervical ultrasonographic measurements were compared among groups. Results. Of the 200 participants enrolled in the study, 50 were healthy controls and 150 had primary dysmenorrhea. Those with primary dysmenorrhea had a significant family history of primary dysmenorrhea compared with controls (P<0.001). Age (P=0.668), body mass index (P=0.898), menarche age (P=0.915), and length of menstrual cycles (P=0.740) were similar in all groups. The uterine corpus longitudinal axis, uterine corpus transverse axis, and uterine cervix longitudinal axis were also similar (P=0.359, P=0.279, and P=0.369, resp.). The mean uterocervical angle was 146.8 ± 6.0 in controls and 143.3 ± 7.3 in those with mild pain with no significant difference between the groups. In those with moderate pain, the mean uterocervical angle was 121.2 ± 7.3 compared with 101 ± 9.2 in those with severe pain, which was a significant difference. Additionally, there was also a significant difference in the uterocervical angle among those with mild, moderate, and severe pain (P<0.001). Conclusion. Our results indicate that a narrower anterior uterocervical angle is associated with primary dysmenorrhea and disease severity.

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SAT0462 ASSESSMENT OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1188.1-1188

Author(s):

C. Daldoul ◽

N. El Amri ◽

K. Baccouche ◽

H. Zeglaoui ◽

E. Bouajina

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Femoral Site ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

The Mean

Background:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is considered as a risk factor of low bone mineral density (BMD). In fact, the prevalence of osteoporosis ranges from 17% to 41% in IBD patients. The possible contributing factors may include malabsorption, glucocorticoid treatment and coexisting comorbiditiesObjectives:The purpose of our work was to determine the frequency and the determinants of osteoporosis in patients with IBD and to assess whether there is a difference in BMD status between UC and CD.Methods:This is a retrospective study, over a period of 5 years (from January 2014 to December 2018) and including patients followed for IBD who had a measurement of BMD by DEXA. Clinical, anthropometric and densitometric data (BMD at the femoral and vertebral site) were recorded. The WHO criteria for the definition of osteoporosis and osteopenia were applied.Results:One hundred and five patients were collected; among them 45 were men and 60 were women. The average age was 45.89 years old. The average body mass index (BMI) was 25.81 kg/m2 [16.44-44.15]. CD and UC were diagnosed in respectively 57.1% and 42.9%. A personal history of fragility fracture was noted in 4.8%. Hypothyroidism was associated in one case. Early menopause was recorded in 7.6%. 46.8% patients were treated with corticosteroids. The mean BMD at the vertebral site was 1.023 g/cm3 [0.569-1.489 g/cm3]. Mean BMD at the femoral site was 0.920g/cm3 [0.553-1.286g / cm3]. The mean T-score at the femoral site and the vertebral site were -1.04 SD and -1.27 SD, respectively. Osteoporosis was found in 25.7% and osteopenia in 37.1%. Osteoporosis among CD and UC patients was found in respectively 63% and 37%. The age of the osteoporotic patients was significantly higher compared to those who were not osteoporotic (52.23 vs 43.67 years, p = 0.01). We found a significantly higher percentage of osteoporosis among men compared to women (35.6% vs 18.3%, p=0.046). The BMI was significantly lower in the osteoporotic patients (23.87 vs 26.48 kg/m2, p=0.035) and we found a significant correlation between BMI and BMD at the femoral site (p=0.01). No increase in the frequency of osteoporosis was noted in patients treated with corticosteroids (27.9% vs 21.6%, p=0.479). Comparing the UC and CD patients, no difference was found in baseline characteristics, use of steroids or history of fracture. No statistically significant difference was found between UC and CD patients for osteoporosis(p=0.478), BMD at the femoral site (p=0.529) and at the vertebral site (p=0.568).Conclusion:Osteoporosis was found in 25.7% of IBD patients without any difference between CD and UC. This decline does not seem to be related to the treatment with corticosteroids but rather to the disease itself. Hence the interest of an early screening of this silent disease.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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TO STUDY THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY IN TERMS OF ALTERATION IN PFT IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i11.748 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Hitesh Kumar Solanki ◽

Dr. Omnath P Yadav ◽

Dr. Anita J Gojiya

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Young Smokers ◽

The Mean ◽

Group Ii

The study was conducted in department of physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad from Mar. 2012 to Feb. 2013. This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of smoking on lung function and serum lipids in asymptomatic smokers and comparable non smokers. The mean of the various spirometric parameters were calculated of the subjects for both the groups. The mean FVC in group I and group II was 2.60 ± 0.62 L and 4.10 ± 0.64L respectively. The mean FEV1 in group I was 1.91 ± 0.57L and 3.19 ± 0.77L in group II Group I had mean FEF25% - 75% and PEFR of 1.98 ± 0.67L/sec and 4.50 ± 1.57L/sec respectively. Group II had mean FEF25 – 75% of 4.22 ± 1.23L/sec and a mean PEFR of 7.22 ± 1.42L/sec. In young smokers and asymptomatic, still the spirometric values were significantly deranged as compared to controls. Even smokers with history of less pack years of smoking also had significant abnormalities of lung function. All he spirometric values in the two groups had statistically highly significant difference and were higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers. The spirometric values were reduced in smokers with history of smoking for as low as two pack years. Keywords: Progression, PFT, Asymptomatic & Smokers

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Sodium Status and Its Association with Overweight and Obesity in Adults Living in Yazd, Iran

Journal of Nutrition and Food Security ◽

10.18502/jnfs.v4i3.1311 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Abolfazl Dashti- Rahmat Abadi ◽

Hassan Mozaffari- Khosravi ◽

Mahdieh Nemayandeh ◽

Mohammad Hosein Soltani ◽

Masoud Mirzaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Excretion ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

Health Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

Relationship Of

Background: Studies on the relationship of urinary sodium with overweight and obesity led to controversial results. Furthermore, no study has ever investigated the association between sodium status and obesity in Iranian adults. The present study examined the association of urinary sodium levels with overweight and obesity in adults living in Yazd, Iran. Methods: The present study recruited 240 adults randomly selected from adults, who participated in Yazd Health Study (YaHS). A 24-hour urine sample was collected from the participants. Participants' demographic information, history of chronic diseases, and smoking status were obtained. The height and weight of the participants were also assessed using standard methods. We compared the weight and body mass index (BMI) of the participants based on the urinary sodium excretion tertiles. The logistic regression model in crude and multivariable adjusted models was used to compare the odds of obesity between urinary sodium tertiles. Results: The findings showed that the mean urinary sodium was not significantly different among overweight, obese, and individuals with normal BMI (P > 0.05) using the crude and multivariable models. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the mean BMI according to urinary sodium excretion tertiles. In addition, the analyses showed that the sodium status was not significantly associated with odds of developing obesity in crude and in multivariable adjusted models. Conclusion: No significant relationship was seen between sodium status and overweight or obesity. Future prospective studies are highly recommended to confirm these results.

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Significance of dynamic contour tonometry in evaluation of progression of glaucoma in patients with a history of laser refractive surgery

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313771 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 276-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sang Yeop Lee ◽

Eun Woo Kim ◽

Wungrak Choi ◽

Chan Keum Park ◽

Sangah Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Refractive Surgery ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Applanation Tonometry ◽

Dynamic Contour Tonometry ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

Laser Refractive Surgery

AimsIn this study, we tested the hypothesis that intraocular pressure (IOP) parameters measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) would be more relevant in progression of glaucoma when there is a history of laser refractive surgery (LRS) than the IOP parameters measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) or calculated by correction formulae.MethodsNinety-eight eyes in 54 patients with open-angle glaucoma and a history of LRS were included in this retrospective study. IOP was measured by both GAT and DCT during follow-up. Baseline, mean, and peak IOP, IOP fluctuation, and IOP reduction were measured by each tonometry method. Corrected IOP parameters using central corneal thickness and mean keratometry values were also analysed. Clustered logistic regression was used to identify variables correlated with progression of glaucoma. Areas under the curve (AUCs) for correlated variables were also compared.ResultsThe mean DCT value (OR 1.36, p=0.024), peak DCT value (OR 1.19, p=0.02) and pattern SD (OR 1.10, p=0.016) were significant risk factors for progression. There was a significant difference in the predictive ability of the mean DCT and GAT values (AUC 0.63 and 0.514, respectively; p=0.01) and of the peak DCT and GAT values (0.646 and 0.503, respectively, p=0.009). The AUCs for corrected IOP did not exceed those of DCT.ConclusionsIOP measurements were more associated with progression of glaucoma when measurements were obtained by DCT than by GAT or correction formulae in eyes with a history of LRS.

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Novel Stimuli for Obtaining Nasalance Measures from Young Children

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1996_033_0067_nsfonm_2.3.co_2 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 67-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Thomas Watterson ◽

Julie Hinton ◽

Stephen Mcfarlane

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Young Children ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Velopharyngeal Insufficiency ◽

Children At Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

The use of novel stimuli for obtaining nasalance measures in young children was the focus of this study. The subjects were 20 children without a history of communication disorders and 20 children at risk for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Each subject recited three passages; the standard Zoo Passage, and two novel stimuli that were named the Turtle Passage and the Mouse Passage. Like the Zoo Passage, the Turtle Passage contained no normally nasal consonants. The Mouse Passage was about 11% nasal consonants, which is similar to the Rainbow Passage. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the mean nasalance for the Zoo Passage and the Turtle Passage for either the subjects without risk of VPI (15.4% vs 15.7%) or for those at risk (30.4% vs 28.8%). Nasalance measures for the Mouse Passage were significantly higher than for either the Zoo Passage or the Turtle Passage. Listeners rated the stimuli on a 5-point equal-appearing intervals scale. The correlation coefficient between listener judgments of hypernasality and nasalance was significant for the Zoo Passage (r = 0.70) and for the Turtle Passage (r = 0.51) but not significant for the Mouse Passage (r = 0.32). Using cut-off scores of 22% for nasalance and 2.25 for hypernasality, the sensitivity for the Zoo Passage was 0.72, and for the Turtle Passage, 0.83.

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Long Term Follow-Up of Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease Patients with Conditional Velocities on Transcranial Doppler (TCD).

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v106.11.2338.2338 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 2338-2338

Author(s):

Lena Coïc ◽

Suzanne Verlhac ◽

Emmanuelle Lesprit ◽

Emmanuelle Fleurence ◽

Francoise Bernaudin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Biological Data ◽

Treatment Intensification ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Abstract Abnormal TCD defined as high mean maximum velocities > 200 cm/sec are highly predictive of stroke risk and justify long term transfusion program. Outcome and risk factors of conditional TCD defined as velocities 170–200 cm/sec remains to be described. Patients and methods Since 1992, 371 pediatric SCD patients (303 SS, 44 SC, 18 Sß+, 6 Sß0) were systematically explored once a year by TCD. The newborn screened cohort (n=174) had the first TCD exploration between 12 and 18 months of age. TCD was performed with a real-time imaging unit, using a 2 MHz sector transducer with color Doppler capabilities. Biological data were assessed at baseline, after the age of 1.5 years and remotely of transfusion or VOC. We report the characteristics and the outcome in patients (n=43) with an history of conditional TCD defined by mean maximum velocities ranging between 170 and 200 cm/s in the ACM, the ACA or the ICA. Results: The mean follow-up of TCD monitoring was 5,5 years (0 – 11,8 y). All patients with an history of conditional doppler were SS/Sb0 (n=43). Mean (SD) age of patients at the time of their first conditional TCD was 4.3 years (2.2) whereas in our series the mean age at abnormal TCD (> 200 cm/sec) occurrence was 6.6 years (3.2). Comparison of basal parameters showed highly significant differences between patients with conditional TCD and those with normal TCD: Hb 7g4 vs 8g5 (p<0.001), MCV 82.8 vs 79 (p=0.047). We also had found such differences between patients with normal and those with abnormal TCD (Hb and MCV p< 0.001). Two patients were lost of follow-up. Two patients died during a trip to Africa. Conditional TCD became abnormal in 11/43 patients and justified transfusion program. Mean (SD) conversion delay was 1.8 (2.0) years (range 0.5–7y). No stroke occurred. 16 patients required a treatment intensification for other indications (frequent VOC/ACS, splenic sequestrations): 6 were transplanted and 10 received HU or TP. Significant risk factors (Pearson) of conversion to abnormal were the age at time of conditional TCD occurrence < 3 y (p<0.001), baseline Hb < 7g/dl (p=0.02) and MCV > 80 (p=0.04). MRI/MRA was performed in 31/43 patients and showed ischemic lesions in 5 of them at the mean (SD) age of 7.1 y (1.8) (range 4.5–8.9): no significant difference was observed in the occurrence of lesions between the 2 groups. Conclusions This study confirms the importance of age as predictive factor of conditional to abnormal TCD conversion with a risk of 64% when first conditional TCD occured before the age of 3 years. TCD has to be frequently controled during the 5 first years of life.

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Clinical and pathological significance of sibling Graves' disease

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0940498 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 498-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Toshio Tanaka ◽

Shoichi Katayama ◽

Kanji Kuma ◽

Hajime Tamai ◽

Fumio Matsuzuka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subtotal Thyroidectomy ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Lymphoid Follicles ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Thyroid Glands ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract. The clinical picture and serum antithyroid antibodies in 16 pairs of siblings with Graves' disease were compared with an age and sex matched group of 32 patients with Graves' disease who did not have a family history of any thyroid disease (control patients). There was a significant difference in frequency and mean titres of antibodies to thyroglobulin between sibling patients. (positive 76.0%) and control patients (positive 40.0%), but not in microsomal antibodies (sibling; positive 92.0%, control; 92.0%). There were no significant differences in the mean values of 24 h 131I-thyroidal uptake, serum T3U, serum T4 and T3 concentrations before treatment between the two groups. Lymphoid follicles and degeneration of the epithelia were more often found in the thyroid glands of sibling patients than in those of the control patients, when 32 (16 sibling, 16 control) thyroid glands from the same groups in the clinical study, including antibody series, were examined pathologically after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Moreover, there was a strong tendency to increased lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration in the thyroid glands of sibling patients with Graves' disease. The findings might indicate that Graves' disease is closely related to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, especially in sibling patients with Graves' disease.

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Upaya Integrasi Penanganan Nyeri Haid dengan Abdominal Stretching pada Remaja Puteri di Pesantren Baitul Ulum El-Musawwa, Serang, Banten

Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK) ◽

10.36565/jak.v3i2.203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 142

Author(s):

Desmawati Desmawati

Keyword(s):

Severe Pain ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽

Menstrual Pain ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Uterine Contractions ◽

Lower Pain ◽

Secondary Dysmenorrhea ◽

Underlying Pathophysiology

Menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea is a problem that is often faced by teenagers during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea occurs due to an imbalance of the hormone progesterone which causes uterine contractions and stimulate the pain response of each individual. Based on the underlying pathophysiology, there are two types of dysmenorrhea, namely primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea, primary dysmenorrhea occurs in women of childbearing age in the form of pain in the lower abdomen so that it can disrupt their quality of life. Dysmenorrhea often interferes with teenagers' productivity and influences coping abilities. The purpose was to evaluate the abdominal stretching on the intensity of menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) in teenagers. This public service is a test pre-test of pain menstrual by using Visual Analogue Scale, demonstration-re-demonstration abdominal stretching, and evaluate pain scale of dysmenorrhea. From 26 participants founding that the level of menstrual pain at middle is 69.23%, lower is 30.77%, there are no severe pain levels. After abdominal stretching reduce the pain become 100% at lower pain and there are no moderate and severe pain levels. The Abdominal stretching exercise is recommended to be another alternative for reducing dysmenorrhea in teenagers that is easy, economic, safe and without side effects

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Preoperative Anxiety and Fear of Anesthesia in Patients admitted in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College ◽

10.37939/jrmc.v24i1.1542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 52-58

Author(s):

Zahra Mariyam ◽

Laibah Safdar ◽

Shafaq Fatima ◽

Jawad Zaheer

Keyword(s):

Formal Education ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Previous History ◽

Female Gender ◽

Preoperative Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Anesthesia ◽

The Mean

Background: Preoperative apprehension is a widespread global problem. This anxiety and apprehension can significantly affect all aspects of anesthesia and surgery. Thus, it is essential to detect and address the patient's anxiety to assist in recovery after surgery and improve the patient's outcome. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted over one year in the allied hospitals of Rawalpindi Medical University (RMU). Our sample size was 380 preoperative patients, who were selected by convenience sampling. The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) was used.Results: The overall prevalence of anxiety was 30.5%, while the prevalence of information requirement was 33.2%. The mean total APAIS was 12.73±8.56, the mean anxiety subscore was 8.25±5.58, and the mean need for information subscore was 4.48±3.16. A statistically significant difference was found in the scores of the patients based on age, gender, education, type of anesthesia, and type of surgery (p< 0.05). The previous history of anesthesia and the presence of comorbidities did not bring a significant difference in the scores of the patients (p>0.05). Postoperative pain was the most important concern, found in 32% of the patients. Conclusion: Younger age group, female gender, having no formal education, surgery under regional anesthesia, and undergoing C-section, IOL implantation and septoplasty are associated with higher preoperative anxiety, while the presence of comorbidities and previous history of anesthesia are factors that do not significantly affect preoperative anxiety in our population.

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Evaluation of Dentists' Practice in Obtaining and Recording Medical and Pharmacological History of Patients in Yazd City in 2020

Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18502/ssu.v29i10.8212 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Samira Hajimaghsoodi ◽

Ozra Mohiti ◽

Shadi Paknejad

Keyword(s):

Patient Care ◽

Clinical Experience ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Legal Responsibility ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

Yazd City

Introduction: Dental profession has an ethical and legal responsibility in patient care. A properly maintained patient record is a very important aspect of this patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients in Yazd City in 2020. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 197 dentists working in Yazd City were selected during the study and their practice in obtaining and recording medical history was evaluated using a valid questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 statistical software t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Out of 197 dentists participating in this study, 93 (52.8%) were male and 104 (47.2%) were female. Their mean age was 39.37± 8.36 years and their mean clinical experience was 6.5± 9.25 years. The mean score of dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history was 61.30±4.95 (range 45-72) out of 72 points. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of dentists' practice by gender, clinical experience, university of study and degree (P-value>0.05), but there was a statistically significant relationship between dentists' age and their practice score (P-value=0.040). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the mean practice source of dentists in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients was good. The effect of gender, university of study and degree on dentists' practice was not significant. However, with increasing age and experience in dentistry, the practice score of dentists was lower.

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