scholarly journals The Efficacy of Functional and Traditional Exercise on the Body Composition and Determinants of Physical Fitness of Older Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Gomes de Resende-Neto ◽  
José Carlos Aragão-Santos ◽  
Bruna Caroline Oliveira-Andrade ◽  
Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos ◽  
Clodoaldo Antônio De Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quality Of Movement

Aim. To analyze the efficacy of functional training (FT) and traditional training (TT) in body composition and determinants of physical fitness in older women. Methods. This is a randomized clinical trial in which participants performed two 12-week periods of different training methods, separated by eight weeks of washout. Forty-eight physically active older women (≥60 years of age) completed the intervention in three groups: (i) program that started with FT and ended with TT (FT ⟶ TT: n = 19), (ii) program that started with TT and ended with FT (TT ⟶ FT: n = 13), and (iii) stretching group (SG: n = 16). Before and after the interventions, the body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance, the physical fitness by battery of the Senior Fitness Test, and the quality of movement by Functional Movement Screen®. Results. Compared with SG, TT ⟶ FT and FT ⟶ TT promoted significant improvements in balance/agility (13.60 and 13.06%, respectively) and upper limb strength (24.91 and 16.18%). Only FT showed a statistically significant improvement in the strength of the lower limbs, cardiorespiratory capacity, and movement patterns when compared with SG considering the adaptations of methods separately. Conclusion. The programs used are equally effective in increasing physical fitness for daily activities in physically active older women, and therefore, they may be complementary to combat some of the deleterious effects of senescence.

scholarly journals Effects of Strength Training on Physical Fitness and Obesity of College Girls of Yazman, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
Adeela Rauf ◽  
Sumbal Kaynat ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Zia ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Chest Girth

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of strength training on physical fitness and obesity of college girls. The selected (n = 70) participants were girls' students of Yazman, Bahawalpur. The selected variables were 600m race for endurance, 30m dash for speed, standing broad jump for leg power, zigzag run for agility, sit and reach for flexibility, and handgrip strength. The body composition was estimated through five skin folds, seven girths, three breadths, and the lengths of upper and lower limbs. Eight weeks training schedule was adopted, (five days in a week) which comprises of different physical activities such as a 400m race, sit-ups, skipping, matches of badminton and volleyball. A paired t-test was applied to examine the effect of training on body composition and physical fitness of college girls. The result showed that strength training significantly affects bicep skin fold, hip girth, chest girth, 30m race, and flexibility. It is concluded that strength training increases physical fitness and reduces the body fat of college girls. The comparative analysis results revealed that after eight-week strength training, the college girls' students become physically active, reduced body fats, and assist in weight management.

scholarly journals Influence of overweight on functional capacity of physically active older women

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akeline Santos de Almeida ◽  
Patrícia Almeida Fontes ◽  
Jamille Mendonça Reinaldo ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Feitosa Neta ◽  
Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Physically Active

Abstract Aging comprises a dynamic and progressive process, characterized by physiological and functional changes. Among these changes, increase in body fat is considered relevant, since it can leads to impaired physical fitness and augmented cardiometabolic risks. Considering this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of overweight on functional capacity of physically active older women. A field survey was performed with 24 older women who practiced physical exercise. Participants were submitted to anamnesis, anthropometric measures (i.e., body mass and height); the Senior Fitness test; sit and reach flexibility test; and handgrip strength test. Pearson’s correlation test and multivariate logistic regression were used to verify the association between overweight and functional capacity. It was observed that hip flexibility (R=-0.494, p=0.014) and flexibility of the lower limbs (i.e., sit and reach test) showed negative correlation with the body mass index (R=-0.446, p=0.02); and after the multivariate logistic regression, negative correlation of lower limbs flexibility (B=-0,035, p=0,014) and the body mass index was observed. Thus, higher the body mass index among participants, lower hip flexibility they presented.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Utilize the Body Composition Analyzer and the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Test to Determine Injury Risk in Soldiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (7-8) ◽  
pp. e1128-e1133
Author(s):  
Jerzy Bertrandt ◽  
Ewa Szarska ◽  
Roman Łakomy ◽  
Tomasz Lepionka ◽  
Anna Anyżewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Composition Analyzer

Abstract Introduction Injuries are the most significant health problem of military services. Military medical surveillance data are useful for determining the magnitude and causes of the injury problem, identifying possible prevention targets and monitoring trends among military personnel. Soldiers serving in the Polish Armed Forces took part in the research. The aim of the study was to identify the most common injuries of the musculoskeletal system and to analyze causes of injuries. An additional goal was to examine whether there is a relationship between selected values of body composition indexes, the result of the functional movement screen (FMS) test and occurrence of an injury. Material and Methods The Polish Armed Forces soldiers serving in the land forces, military police, air forces took part in the research. The first stage was to complete the questionnaire regarding injuries in the last 5 years, their reasons, and the circumstances of their occurrence. After completing the survey, subjects were measured and weighed on the body composition analyzer. The next step was to perform a FMS to evaluate the locomotor system. Results In the groups of examined Polish soldiers, the most frequent injuries concerned lower limbs and, above all, a knee joint. The leading causes of injuries were activities resulting from the service as well as playing football and volleyball. Conclusions Parameters from the body composition analyzer such as body mass index, muscle mass distribution on lower limbs as well as evaluation in the FMS test may be helpful for the initial assessment of predisposition to injury.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF FITNESS, PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND CONCENTRATION OF THE BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN SALIVA IN ADOLESCENTS PRACTICING COMPETITIVE SPORTS AND THEIR PEERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Ewa Gajewska ◽  
Ida Laudańska- Krzemińska ◽  
Katarzyna Domaszewska ◽  
Mariusz Naczk ◽  
Paweł Kroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Training

The purpose of the study was to compare BDNF in saliva before and after a maximum physical effort in adolescents practicing sports and their non-training peers, related to the body composition and physical fitness. The study comprised 64 individuals aged 13-14 (39 practicing sports). Physical fitness was measured using the EUROFIT test. The maximum oxygen uptake was determined on a mechanical treadmill. Saliva BDNF concentration was measured (R&D, USA) at rest and after an exercise. The research results prove that body composition was different depending on the sex, the EUROFIT results were not. The percentage of body fat correlated negatively with the strength of the lower body and the strength of the trunk muscles. There was a positive relationship between the muscle mass and the cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of the level of training. BDNF in saliva was comparable in non-training and training individuals. BDNF was significantly dependent on the body composition only in girls and negatively correlated with the content of adipose tissue. Training and non-training teenagers did not differ in fitness, but in the level of cardiorespiratory fitness. Non-training teenagers showed a higher concentration of BDNF in saliva and further increase after the exercise stress test. In the training individuals, the exercise stress test did not lead to an increase in BDNF concentration.

Effects of different multicomponent training methods on functional parameters in physically-active older women

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro H. Brandão ◽  
Antônio G. Resende-Neto ◽  
Iohanna G. Fernandes ◽  
Alan B. Vasconcelos ◽  
Albernon C. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Functional Parameters

scholarly journals Biomechanical Aspects of the Foot Arch, Body Balance and Body Weight Composition of Boys Training Football

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 5017
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Bukowska ◽  
Małgorzata Jekiełek ◽  
Dariusz Kruczkowski ◽  
Tadeusz Ambroży ◽  
Jarosław Jaszczur-Nowicki
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Balance

Background: The aim of the study is to assess the body balance and podological parameters and body composition of young footballers in the context of the control of football training. Methods: The study examined the distribution of the pressure of the part of the foot on the ground, the arch of the foot, and the analysis of the body composition of the boys. The pressure center for both feet and the whole body was also examined. The study involved 90 youth footballers from Olsztyn and Barczewo in three age groups: 8–10 years, 11–13 years old, and 14–16 years. The study used the Inbody 270 body composition analyzer and the EPSR1, a mat that measures the pressure distribution of the feet on the ground. Results: The results showed statistically significant differences in almost every case for each area of the foot between the groups of the examined boys. The most significant differences were observed for the metatarsal area and the left heel. In the case of stabilization of the whole body, statistically significant differences were noted between all study groups. In the case of the body composition parameters, in the examined boys, a coherent direction of changes was noticed for most of them. The relationships and correlations between the examined parameters were also investigated. The significance level in the study was set at p < 0.05. Conclusions: Under the training rigor, a statistically significant increase in stability was observed with age. The total length of the longitudinal arch of both feet of the examined boys showed a tendency to flatten in direct proportion to the age of the examined boys. Mean values of the body composition parameters reflect changes with the ontogenetic development, basic somatic parameters (body height and weight) and training experience, and thus with the intensity and volume of training. This indicates a correct training process that does not interfere with the proper development of the body in terms of tissue and biochemical composition.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES IN EX-CRACK COCAINE USERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
Jéssica Abatti Martins ◽  
Ana Maria Volpato ◽  
Vanise dos Santos Ferreira Viero ◽  
Antonio Jose Grande ◽  
Leonardo Roever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACT Introduction: Worldwide cocaine use in all its various forms is increasing; cocaine users exceeded 17 million in the world. In Brazil, this data is also alarming. A survey conducted in 2010 found that the country has more than 900,000 crack-cocaine users. Objective: To evaluate the effects of exercise on anthropometric variables and components of physical fitness in ex-crack cocaine users. Methods: Randomized controlled trial with 20 men, divided into exercise group (n=10) and control group (n=10), admitted to a detoxification center. We assessed the physical fitness components related to health (cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, muscular strength/endurance, and body composition) before and after the physical training program. Results: The exercise contributed to the maintenance of anthropometric variables, while the control group had an increased in total body fat and visceral fat. Regarding physical fitness, resistance training led to the increase of most variables studied, particularly strength and cardiorespiratory capacity. On the other hand, the VO2max and the strength of the sedentary subjects were reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: The exercise showed beneficial effects on the components of physical fitness and maintenance of body composition.

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