scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF FITNESS, PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND CONCENTRATION OF THE BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN SALIVA IN ADOLESCENTS PRACTICING COMPETITIVE SPORTS AND THEIR PEERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Ewa Gajewska ◽  
Ida Laudańska- Krzemińska ◽  
Katarzyna Domaszewska ◽  
Mariusz Naczk ◽  
Paweł Kroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Training

The purpose of the study was to compare BDNF in saliva before and after a maximum physical effort in adolescents practicing sports and their non-training peers, related to the body composition and physical fitness. The study comprised 64 individuals aged 13-14 (39 practicing sports). Physical fitness was measured using the EUROFIT test. The maximum oxygen uptake was determined on a mechanical treadmill. Saliva BDNF concentration was measured (R&D, USA) at rest and after an exercise. The research results prove that body composition was different depending on the sex, the EUROFIT results were not. The percentage of body fat correlated negatively with the strength of the lower body and the strength of the trunk muscles. There was a positive relationship between the muscle mass and the cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of the level of training. BDNF in saliva was comparable in non-training and training individuals. BDNF was significantly dependent on the body composition only in girls and negatively correlated with the content of adipose tissue. Training and non-training teenagers did not differ in fitness, but in the level of cardiorespiratory fitness. Non-training teenagers showed a higher concentration of BDNF in saliva and further increase after the exercise stress test. In the training individuals, the exercise stress test did not lead to an increase in BDNF concentration.

scholarly journals Cardiac Rehabilitation and Physical Performance in Patients after Myocardial Infarction: Preliminary Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grochulska ◽  
Sebastian Glowinski ◽  
Aleksandra Bryndal
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Before And After

(1) Background: Cardiovascular diseases, in particular, myocardial infarction (MI), are the main threats to human health in modern times. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR), and especially increased physical activity, significantly prevent the consequences of MI. The aim of this study was to assess physical performance in patients after MI before and after CR. (2) Methods: 126 patients after MI were examined. They were admitted to the cardiac rehabilitation ward twice: in the 3rd month after MI, and then in the 6th month after the last rehabilitation session. CR lasted 20 treatment days (4 weeks with 5 treatment days and 2 days’ break). The exercise stress test on the treadmill and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were used to assess physical performance. Patients were assigned to an appropriate rehabilitation model due to their health condition. (3) Results: In the studied group, the exercise stress test time and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET), the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and 6MWT score increased significantly (p = 0.0001) at two time-points of observation. (4) Conclusion: CR significantly improves physical performance in patients after MI.

THE EFFECT OF 10-WEEK BODYWEIGHT TRAINING ON BODY COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN YOUNG MALES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (82) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Lipecki
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Balanced Diet

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes on body compositions and physical fitness in young males performing 10-week bodyweight training. Material and Methods. The study examined body height and composition (body mass, fat percent and body water) in 15 healthy male adults (23.4 ± 3.3 years, 180.3 ± 6.8 cm, 75.7 ± 7.6 kg). The physical parameters included: running speed, agility, explosive power and strength endurance, flexibility and cardiorespiratory capacity. The examinations were conducted before and after 10-week bodyweight training. Results. Results indicated no significant changes in body composition in the men examined. Improvements were observed in measured parameters of physical fitness, agility (4.1%, p<0.01), dynamic strength of the shoulder girdle muscles, the back and the abdomen (by 12.1%, p<0.01), static strength of the right hand (6.7%, p<0.05), strength endurance of the upper limbs (by 30.1%, p<0.01), strength endurance of the body trunk muscles (7.0%, p<0.01), flexibility (20.1%, p<0.05) and cardiorespiratory capacity (6.1%, p<0.05). Conclusion. Bodyweight training without a properly balanced diet has an insignificant effect on changes in body composition of young men. The training concept based on performing bodyweight exercises leads to the significant improvements in muscle strength and endurance, flexibility, agility and cardiovascular endurance. The bodyweight training by Lauren and Clark, due to the high frequency and intensity, is recommended for young people with a high physical fitness level and perseverance.

Exercise performance in children and adolescents after the Ross procedure

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S. Marino ◽  
Sara K. Pasquali ◽  
Gil Wernovsky ◽  
John R. Bockoven ◽  
Michael McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Ross Procedure ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Primary Indication ◽  
Before And After

Objectives:The Ross procedure is increasingly utilized in the treatment of aortic valvar disease in children and adolescents. Our purpose was to compare pre- and post-operative exercise state in this population.Methods:We included patients who underwent the Ross procedure at our institution between January, 1995, and December, 2003, and in whom we had performed pre- and post-operative exercise stress tests. We used a ramp bicycle protocol to measure consumption of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide. Cardiac output was estimated from effective pulmonary blood flow by the helium acetylene re-breathing technique.Results:We studied 26 patients, having a median age at surgery of 15.7 years, with a range from 7.5 to 24.1 years. The primary indication for surgery in two-thirds was combined aortic stenosis and insufficiency. Median time from the operation to the post-operative exercise stress test was 17.4 months, with a range from 6.7 to 30.2 months. There was a trend toward lower maximal consumption of oxygen after the procedure, at 36.3 plus or minus 7.6 millilitres per kilogram per minute (83.9% predicted) as opposed to 38.6 plus or minus 8.4 millilitres per kilogram per minute (88.5% predicted, p equal to 0.06). Patients after the procedure, however, had significantly increased adiposity, so that there was no difference in maximal consumption of oxygen indexed to ideal body weight before and after the operation. In 20 of the patients, aerobic capacity improved or was stable after the operation. There was no post-operative chronotropic impairment.Conclusions:In the majority of patients following the Ross procedure, exercise performance is stable and within the normal range of a healthy age and sex matched population, despite sedentary lifestyles and increased adiposity.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS OF HEALTHY MEDICAL STUDENTS AND TRAINED ATHLETES USING STEP TEST.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Rituparna Bora ◽  
Utpal Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Step Test ◽  
P Value

INTRODUCTION : Physical fitness implies the ability to make adequate physiological adjustments to the stresses imposed by a specific task. Good cardiorespiratory function is reflected by the ability to deliver oxygen to the tissues to maintain continuous activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS : The present study was carried out to study the effect of exercise on the physical fitness of healthy young adults. Exercise stress test was done by Harvard step test. Study population comprised of 100 young adults with subset of 50 trained athletes and 50 sedentary healthy adults. The parameter for measuring Physical fitness was Physical Fitness Index. RESULTS: Mean value of PFI in trained athletes and sedentary healthy adults were 85.42 and 72.79 respectively i.e., mean value of PFI is higher in trained than sedentary group. This is statistically highly significant (P value < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The study reveals that physical fitness is high in trained athletes than the untrained group. There is a need for inclusion of regular exercise in medical students to attain high level of physical fitness.

Relating Trait Anxiety to Perceived Physical Fitness

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben R. Abadie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Graded Exercise

This study was designed to determine the relation of actual cardiovascular physical fitness and perceived physical fitness to trait anxiety. 32 older adult ( M age = 68.19 yr.) subjects completed a voluntary maximal graded exercise stress test on a motor driven treadmill to determine their actual cardiovascular physical fitness. Subjects also completed Abadie's Perceived Physical Fitness Scale along with Spielberger's Trait Anxiety Inventory. The partial correlation between actual cardiovascular physical fitness and trait anxiety with the influence of perceived physical fitness removed indicated a nonsignificant relation. The partial correlation between perceived physical fitness and trait anxiety with the influence of actual cardiovascular physical fitness removed indicated a significant inverse relation. Present results suggest that trait anxiety is correlated better with an individual's self-perception of his physical fitness than the actual cardiovascular physical fitness.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Functional and Traditional Exercise on the Body Composition and Determinants of Physical Fitness of Older Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Gomes de Resende-Neto ◽  
José Carlos Aragão-Santos ◽  
Bruna Caroline Oliveira-Andrade ◽  
Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos ◽  
Clodoaldo Antônio De Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quality Of Movement

Aim. To analyze the efficacy of functional training (FT) and traditional training (TT) in body composition and determinants of physical fitness in older women. Methods. This is a randomized clinical trial in which participants performed two 12-week periods of different training methods, separated by eight weeks of washout. Forty-eight physically active older women (≥60 years of age) completed the intervention in three groups: (i) program that started with FT and ended with TT (FT ⟶ TT: n = 19), (ii) program that started with TT and ended with FT (TT ⟶ FT: n = 13), and (iii) stretching group (SG: n = 16). Before and after the interventions, the body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance, the physical fitness by battery of the Senior Fitness Test, and the quality of movement by Functional Movement Screen®. Results. Compared with SG, TT ⟶ FT and FT ⟶ TT promoted significant improvements in balance/agility (13.60 and 13.06%, respectively) and upper limb strength (24.91 and 16.18%). Only FT showed a statistically significant improvement in the strength of the lower limbs, cardiorespiratory capacity, and movement patterns when compared with SG considering the adaptations of methods separately. Conclusion. The programs used are equally effective in increasing physical fitness for daily activities in physically active older women, and therefore, they may be complementary to combat some of the deleterious effects of senescence.

scholarly journals Predictors of deterioration in cardiorespiratory fitness among healthy adults: the importance of sex and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kaplan ◽  
A Fardman ◽  
S Tiosano ◽  
S Segev ◽  
M Scheinowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Bruce Protocol ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with cardiovascular co-morbidities and is a strong predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, data on the natural history of cardiorespiratory fitness among healthy subjects is limited. Purpose This study investigated what are the predictors of deterioration in CRF over time. Methods We investigated 36,239 men and women who were annually screened in a tertiary medical center and completed an exercise stress test in all visits, with a total of 175,596 annual visits. Subjects who failed to complete maximal exercise stress test according to the Bruce protocol at their first baseline visit were excluded. In addition, subjects with less than five visits to the center or those who developed ischemic heart disease during follow-up were excluded. Fitness was categorized into age- and sex-specific quintiles (Q) according to Bruce protocol treadmill time. Change in CRF between the first baseline visit and the fifth visit was used to calculate fitness deterioration. The primary study endpoint was defined as the lower sex-specific quintile of change in metabolic equivalents (METS) between visits 1 and 5. Logistic regression models were applied. Results Final study population included 10,841 subjects. The mean age of the study population was 49±10 years, the mean BMI was 26±4, and 8107 (75%) were men. Median METS at baseline were 10.8 (IQR 9–12.6) and 11.1 (IQR 9.4–13) at the first and fifth visit, respectively (p&lt;0.001 for METS between visits). Overall, 2189 (20%) subjects met the study endpoint. CFR deterioration was higher among women as compared to men (p=0.023). Out of obesity, hypertension, fasting blood glucose, LDL, and HDL cholesterol, after adjustments for age, sex, and baseline CFR, only obesity was independently associated with fitness deterioration in the multivariate model (OR=1.4 95% CI 1.2–1.5, p&lt;0.001). The association of obesity with fitness deterioration was modified by sex such that the risk of CRF deterioration was more pronounced in women (OR=1.6 95% CI 1.3–2, p&lt;0.001) than in men (OR=1.3 95% CI 1.1–1.4, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion Obesity is an independent predictor of future CRF deterioration. The effect of obesity on future CRF deterioration is more pronounced among women as compared to men. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Cardiorespiratory fitness and left atrial strain in atrial fibrillation: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Mishima ◽  
JP Ariyaratnam ◽  
V Malik ◽  
BM Pitman ◽  
AD Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Left Atrial Strain ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically relevant arrhythmia, and its occurrence is associated with pathological left atrial (LA) remodelling. In these patients, low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with increased AF recurrence. Speckle tracking derived LA strain (LAS) permits chamber function quantification and provides angle-independent and highly reproducible measurements of chamber deformation. However, the relationship between CRF and LA function, amongst AF patients is poorly understood.  Purpose To compare LA function amongst AF patients stratified by cardiorespiratory fitness.  Methods Consecutive AF patients referred for treadmill exercise stress test (EST) and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) between March and December 2020 were screened for inclusion. Treadmill EST was symptom limited and age and gender predicted CRF was calculated with conventional formulas. Speckle tracking software was used to obtain LAS from apical 4 and 2 chamber views and mean measurements for LASr and LASb were calculated. Those achieving &lt;100% (low CRF) and ≥100% (high CRF) of predicted CRF were compared.  Results After exclusions, 141 patients in sinus rhythm were included in the analysis. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between groups. Ejection fraction (63.6 ± 4.7% vs 64.8 ± 8.4%, p = 0.3) and LA volume index (33.1 ± 6.9 vs 31.4 ± 9.4 mL/m2, p = 0.3) were not different between groups. Both LASr (22.9% ± 7.4% vs 27.6% ± 11.4%, p = 0.02) and LASb (8.2% ± 4.7% vs 12.1% ± 6.8%, p = 0.004) (figure 1) were significantly higher in the fitter group.  Conclusion Patients with higher CRF showed improved LA function as per strain measurement in the absence of AF. The relationship between CRF and left atrial function warrants further research. Abstract Figure. LASr and LASb by CRF

Abstract MP80: Increased Physical Fitness Is Associated With Greater Improvement In Cardiac Parasympathetic Function Among The Obese Than Overweight Or Normal Weight Individuals

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehimen Aneni ◽  
Ebenezer Oni ◽  
Lara Roberson ◽  
Romeu Meneghelo ◽  
Michael Blaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weight Groups

Introduction: The impact of physical fitness on heart rate recovery (HRR), a marker of cardiac parasympathetic activity, has rarely been studied across weight categories. We examined the effect of physical fitness across different weight categories on HRR at 2 minutes after exercise stress test in an asymptomatic cohort. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of 525 Brazilian subjects, free of known cardiovascular disease that underwent exercise stress test. Metabolic equivalents at maximal exercise (METS) were calculated from the volume of oxygen consumed during maximal exercise (VO2max). HRR was defined as peak exercise HR minus HR after 2minutes rest. Weight was classified into obese (BMI ≥ 30), overweight (BMI 25 -29) and normal weight (BMI <25). Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 51% and 19% respectively. There was a positive significant correlation between METS and HRR (r= 0.34 p<0.001). The mean HRR was higher among the normal weight than the overweight or obese (92 vs. 89 vs.76 beats; p<0.001) while the average (mean) METS decreased across increasing weight categories (10.6 vs. 10.4 vs. 9.1 METS; p <0.001). In a fully adjusted linear regression model, for every unit increase in METS the HRR increased by 2.0 beats among the obese (p<0.005), 1.1 beats among the overweight (p<0.001) and 0.8 beats among the normal weight (p=0.143). These increases were significantly different among the 3 groups (p<0.001). Line fitted plots (figure below) showed that the increase in HRR associated with increasing METS was greater among the obese than the other weight groups and at high METS value (about 13 METS) the HRR are similar regardless of BMI. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increasing fitness increases HRR, with greater benefit in the obese than other weight groups. Physical fitness, not simply weight loss, should be advocated in the obese. More studies are required to fully understand the temporal relationship between BMI, physical fitness and HRR.

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