Involvement of Inner Choroidal Layer in Choroidal Thinning during Regression of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome

Purpose. To investigate relationships between total thickness and the thickness of inner and outer layers in the choroid during regression in patients with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS). Methods. This retrospective observational case series included 15 unilaterally affected eyes and 13 unaffected fellow eyes from 15 MEWDS patients (4 men and 11 women; mean age, 37.6 ± 17.6 years). Using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, whole, inner, and outer choroidal layer thicknesses at the fovea and perifovea were manually measured at the initial visit and at 1 and 3 months after the initial visit. The mean thickness values of the layers were compared at each stage. Results. With regression of MEWDS, the mean subfoveal whole and inner choroidal layer thicknesses significantly decreased at 1 and 3 months compared to baseline values in MEWDS eyes (P=0.01 and P<0.0001, respectively), but not in fellow eyes. The outer layer in MEWDS eyes tended to thin. Changes in the inner and outer layers at the perifovea in MEWDS eyes also showed the same trends. Simple linear regression analysis revealed significant positive correlations in choroidal thickness changes between the whole and inner layers (R = 0.53, P=0.04) and between the whole and outer layers (R = 0.91, P<0.0001) from baseline to 3 months. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that choroidal thickness changes in the whole layer were significantly correlated with those in the inner (β = 0.51, P<0.0001) and outer (β = 0.73, P<0.0001) layers. Conclusion. The inner choroidal layer significantly thinned with regression of MEWDS, correlating with the thinning of total choroidal thickness. These results suggest that MEWDS lesions in the choroid are likely to lie mainly in the inner layer.

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The Change of Visual Acuity Correlated with Choroidal Thickness in Diabetic Retinopathy

10.21203/rs.2.24132/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xingyi Zhang ◽

Fengjiao Li ◽

Wanzhen Jiao ◽

Aihua Ma ◽

Bojun Zhao

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Strong Association ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽

Healthy Control

Abstract Background To probe the change of macular choroidal thickness (MCT) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) by using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods A retrospective research was conducted among 136 eyes. Patients’ mean age was 57.34±9.42 years. 67 eyes were suffered from diabetic retinopathy (DR) without macular edema (ME), 69 eyes with ME and age matched 64 healthy eyes were as control. The choriocapillaris and the medium vascular layers (Sattler’s layer) were defined as the choroidal inner layer, and the large vessel layer (Haller’s layer) was defined as the choroidal outer layer. Results The whole, inner and out layers of choroid in macular area of the eyes with DR were significantly thinner compared to that of control (P<0.001). The whole and out choroidal layers in DR with ME were significantly thinner than that in DR without ME (P<0.001). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, LogMar) was 0.41±0.37and 0.70±0.45 for DR without ME and DR with ME, respectively. Univariate linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between MCT and BCVA in either DR with or without ME groups (P=0.023,P=0.006). A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the elucidative variables strong association with MCT were BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) in DR eyes. Conclusion In the eyes with DR, MCT was thinner compared to that of healthy control and this change was more substantial in ME eyes. MCT had a positive correction with BCVA. Our results indicate that the pathological change occurred in choroidal layer of the eyes with DR and this change correlated with impairment of BCVA.

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The impact of legs fat mass and legs lean fat mass on thigh circumference according cardiovascular risk: a population-based study

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

M Chlabicz ◽

M Paniczko ◽

J Jamolkowski ◽

P Sowa ◽

M Lapinska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Muscle Tissue ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Thigh Circumference ◽

Tissue Model ◽

The Mean

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Introduction A low thigh circumference is associated with an increased risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and total mortality. Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the thigh circumference and cardiovascular (CV) risk classes, and to assess what type of tissue, adipose tissue or muscle tissue affects the thigh circumference. Methods The longitudinal, population-based, Polish study was conducted in 2017-2020. A total of 931 individuals aged 20-79 were analyzed. Pol-SCORE system was used to assess the 10-year risk of fatal CV based on the following risk factors: age, gender, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol for individuals aged 40-70. Then, CV risk classes were assessed using the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines. The measurement of thigh circumference were performed directly below the gluteal fold of the thigh. Both thighs were measured and the mean value was calculated as the final thigh circumference. Body composition was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Results The mean age was 49.1 ± 15.5 years and 43.2% male. The mean thigh circumference was 58.2 ± 5.9 cm, the mean legs fat mass was 7.7 ± 2.8kg, and the mean legs lean mass was 16.9 ± 4.0kg. Lower thigh circumference was associated with higher CV risk classes in univariate linear regression analysis (β -0.516, p = 0.002), as well adjusted by age and sex (β -0.839, p = 0.008), adjusted by age, sex, BMI (β -0.886, p <0.001), and age, sex, WHR (β -0.988, p <0.001). In linear regression analysis legs adipose tissue and muscle tissue were related to the thigh circumference independently of CV risk classes (Model 1) and Pol-SCORE value (Model 2). However, fatty tissue (Model 1: β 0.746, p < 0.001; Model 2: β 0.749, p < 0.001) affects the thigh circumference more than the muscle tissue (Model 1: β 0.479, p < 0.001; Model 2: β 0.442, p < 0.001) (Fig. 1). Conclusion Smaller thigh circumference was associated with higher CV risk classes. Thigh circumference was more influenced by adipose tissue than by muscle tissue, regardless of the Pol-SCORE or CV risk classes. Table 1. Variable Model 1 Model 2 Beta p R2 Beta p R2 Legs fat mass 0.746 <0.001 0.785 0.749 <0.001 0.760 Legs lean mass 0.479 <0.001 0.785 0.442 <0.001 0.760 Model 1: adjusted for Cardiovascular risk classesModel 2: adjusted for Pol-SCOREResults of the linear regression analysis thigh circumference in the general population Abstract Figure 1.

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Chemical prediction of water activity in processed cheese

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900029198 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 665-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

María A. Esteban ◽

Andrés Marcos

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Water Activity ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Regression Equation ◽

Low Fat ◽

Two Samples ◽

The Mean

SummaryBy linear regression analysis, a highly significant negative correlation (r = −0·96) was found between the mean ash concentration values (g/100 g moisture) and water activity (aw) of six types of processed cheeses (low-fat, semi-fat, fat, extra-fat, double fat and special). The regression equation aw = 0·9951 − 0·0032* (ash), applied to 40 cheese samples, yielded aw values which differed by < 0·005 aw units from those measured experimentally in 75% of the samples. The maximum differences between the calculated and experimental aw values (found in only two samples) were ±0·01 aw units.

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Four methods for determining uric acid compared with a candidate reference method.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/28.10.2098 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 2098-2100 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R J Elin ◽

E Johnson ◽

R Chesler

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Reference Method ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Acid Method ◽

The Mean ◽

Smac Method

Abstract Uric acid as measured in serum by three different uricase (EC 1.7.3.3) methods (aca, Ektachem, and SMAC) and by the SMAC method with phosphotungstic acid was compared with a candidate Reference Method for uric acid. Serum specimens from 83 patients (uric acid concentrations, 19 to 141 mg/L) were analyzed by all five methods. Results were compared by using linear regression analysis, and the mean difference between results by the candidate Reference Method and the four other methods was calculated. Compared with the candidate Reference Method, the aca method gave the smallest deviation from zero for the intercept and the smallest mean difference, and the SMAC phosphotungstic acid method showed a slope closest to unity. The SMAC uricase method had the largest intercept and greatest deviation of the slope from unity.

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Relationship between Choroidal Thickness and Visual Field Impairment in Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2017/2371032 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yuki Hashimoto ◽

Wataru Saito ◽

Michiyuki Saito ◽

Yuka Hasegawa ◽

Akari Takita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Case Series ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Current Data ◽

Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽

Affected Area ◽

Humphrey Perimetry ◽

Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Fellow Eyes

Purpose. To evaluate sequential changes in choroidal thickness at the affected area in patients with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR). Methods. This retrospective observational case series included 14 affected eyes and 6 unaffected fellow eyes from 10 AZOOR patients with impaired macular area. Using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, choroidal thicknesses at the subfovea and at nasal and temporal sites 1000 μm away from the fovea were manually measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months thereafter. Changes in the choroidal thicknesses and the average threshold at the affected area on Humphrey perimetry were compared during the 6-month follow-up. Results. In AZOOR eyes, the average threshold at the affected area significantly increased over time, while outer retinal structure ameliorated. The mean choroidal thicknesses at all the sites measured significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months compared with baseline values in AZOOR eyes, but not in fellow eyes. There was an inverse correlation between the changing rates of the average threshold and the subfoveal choroidal thickness at 6 months from baseline. Conclusion. The current data suggest that choroidal thickness at AZOOR-affected area significantly decreased with regression of AZOOR and this anatomical change correlated with the functional recovery.

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Correlation of CA-125 with different stages of endometriosis

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal ◽

10.3329/bsmmuj.v11i1.35807 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Runa Laila ◽

Begum Nasrin ◽

Shayela Shamim ◽

Md. Mozammel Hoque

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Pelvic Endometriosis ◽

Cancer Antigen ◽

Cutoff Value ◽

The Mean

<p class="Abstract">This study was conducted to evaluate the association of serum cancer antigen (CA-125) level with the severity of pelvic endometriosis. Seventy diagnosed cases of pelvic endometriosis were included in this study. The CA-125 level was estimated in all these patients, cutoff value of the serum CA-125 level was considered 35.0 U/mL. The correlations between serum CA-125 and different stages of endometriosis were evaluated by linear regression analysis. In Stage I of endometriosis, the mean serum CA-125 level was 21.8 ± 15.1 U/mL, in Stage II 26.0 ± 17.3 U/mL, in Stage III 83.2 ± 48.9 U/mL and in Stage IV 117.0 ± 41.6 U/mL. A significant positive correlation (r=0.729; p=0.001) was found between the serum CA-125 and different stages of endometriosis.</p>

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Preoperative Anatomy Parameters in Implantable Collamer Lenses

10.21203/rs.3.rs-968382/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yanzhen Xue ◽

Yonghong Guo ◽

Ruibo Zhao

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Case Series ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose: To determine patient preoperative anatomical features and the parameters of implantable collamer lenses (ICLs) relevant in explaining vault variability.Setting: Ophthalmology Xi’an Aier Gucheng Eye hospital , Xi’an China.Design: Retrospective case series.Methods:This study comprised 88 eyes of 45 patients implanted with myopic or toric ICLs between May 2021 and August 2021.Pentacam imaging was used for assessing white-to-white (WTW) diameter, central keratometry, anterior chamber depth(ACD), central corneal thickness and vault. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography（AS-OCT） was used to measure the horizontal anterior chamber angle distance (ATA). Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was used to measure horizontal and vertical sulcus to sulcus(vSTS). According to different ACD,we divide ACD into shallow group(2.8 to 3.2 mm),medium group(3.2 to 3.5 mm),and deep group(＞3.5mm).Results: Linear regression analysis found significant correlation between WTW diameters and ATA diameters( y= 0.9605x+0.1491,R² = 0.9148),with a coefficient of determinant of 0.9148 (P＜0.01). Linear regression analysis found significant correlation between hSTS and vSTS（y=0.9855x-0.0178,R²=0.1979）,with a coefficient of determinant of 0.1979 (P＜0.01). WTW diameters showed statistically significant difference in shallow and medium ACD (t=-3.28,P＜0.01 ), significant difference in shallow and deep ACD (t=-4.69,P＜0.01 ),there was no correlation in medium and deep ACD(t=-1.41,P＞0.05 ). There was a statistically significant correlation between WTW diameters and hSTS diameters when the ACD was less than 3.5 mm (t=-0.451, P=0.000) (t=1.406, P=0.026),but weak correlation when the ACD was bigger than 3.5 mm(t=1.594, P=0.051). ATA and WTW with a mean difference close to zero(-0.66 mm). Despite the relatively high correlation (intraclass correlation co-efficient =0.689), the range of agreement is quite broad (1.33 mm).Conclusions:ATA measured with AS-OCT can not be used interchangeably with WTW obtained with Pentacam. WTW diameters and hSTS diameters have a statistically significant correlation when the ACD was less than 3.5 mm. WTW, ATA, hSTS and vSTS all should be considered during design the size of lens and regulating the vault after surgery.

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Change of Retinal Vessel Density After Lowering Intraocular Pressure in Ocular Hypertension

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.730327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Xuhao Chen ◽

Ying Hong ◽

Haohao Di ◽

Qianru Wu ◽

Di Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Ocular Hypertension ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Deep Layers ◽

The Mean

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between retinal microvasculature changes and intraocular pressure (IOP) for ocular hypertension (OHT) patients and further assess the factors associated with retinal microcirculation changes.Methods: This was a single-center prospective study designed for OHT patients, which consisted of two visits. After collecting baseline data of those who met the eligibility criteria, these patients were treated with latanoprost 0.005% ophthalmic solution for 4 weeks. Peripapillary vessel density (VD) of radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC) layer, macular VD in both superficial and deep layers, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area were measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) before and after the treatment. We compared the changes in IOP and VD among the two visits by paired-sample t-test. Bonferroni correction was applied. Factors associated with VD changes were analyzed by linear regression analysis.Results: Thirty-four eyes of thirty-four patients were included. The mean IOP decreased by 6.5 ± 2.2 mmHg (p < 0.001). The peripapillary RPC VD increased significantly from 51.8 ± 2.5 to 53.0 ± 3.1% (Adjusted-p = 0.012). We found no significant difference in detailed sectors of the peripapillary region after correction. In the macular area, both the superficial and deep layers in foveal (superficial: 0.2 ± 1.9%, p = 0.523; deep: 0.0 ± 2.3%, p = 0.969) and parafoveal (superficial: 0.3 ± 3.0%, p = 0.565; deep: 0.5 ± 3.1%, p = 0.423) VD remained unchanged. The decrease of the mean FAZ area was insignificant (p = 0.295). The percentage of IOP reduction (β = 0.330, p = 0.031) and the baseline RNFL thickness (β = 0.450, p = 0.004) significantly correlated with the percentage of peripapillary RPC VD improvement in the multivariate linear regression analysis.Conclusion: The peripapillary VD in OHT patients increased after the reduction of IOP. The mild change of IOP did not alter the microcirculation in the macula. In addition, the percentage of IOP change and the baseline RNFL thickness were independent factors for the peripapillary RPC VD improvement.

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Nutritional status and weight gain in pregnant women

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692012000300006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 462-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ana Paula Sayuri Sato ◽

Elizabeth Fujimori

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Infant Health ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Total Weight Gain ◽

The Mean

This study described the nutritional status of 228 pregnant women and the influence of this on birth weight. This is a retrospective study, developed in a health center in the municipality of São Paulo, with data obtained from medical records. Linear regression analysis was carried out. An association was verified between the initial and final nutritional status (p<0.001). The mean of total weight gain in the pregnant women who began the pregnancy underweight was higher compared those who started overweight/obese (p=0.005). Weight gain was insufficient for 43.4% of the pregnant women with adequate initial weight and for 36.4% of all the pregnant women studied. However, 37.1% of those who began the pregnancy overweight/obese finished with excessive weight gain, a condition that ultimately affected almost a quarter of the pregnant women. Anemia and low birth weight were uncommon, however, in the linear regression analysis, birth weight was associated with weight gain (p<0.05). The study highlights the importance of nutritional care before and during pregnancy to promote maternal-infant health.

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Affective temperament in stroke patients

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00335.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 295-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Erhan Kurt ◽

Ilhan Karacan ◽

Nihal Ozaras ◽

Gazi Alatas

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Affective Temperaments ◽

Affective Temperament ◽

The Mean ◽

Disability Level

Objective:The aims of this study were to determine the dominant affective temperament changes in stroke survivors and whether temperament affects the disability.Methods:A total of 63 stroke patients were included in this study. Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire was used to determine the dominant affective temperament (depressive, hyperthymic, cyclothymic, irritable or anxious). The disability level was measured with the Barthel index (BI).Results:Depressive temperament (17.5%) and anxious temperament (12.7%) were the most common dominant affective temperaments. The frequencies of irritable, cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperaments were 4.8, 3.2 and 0%, respectively. The mean BI score was 78.1 ± 18.3 in patients with depressive temperament and 67.4 ± 28.4 in patients without depressive temperament (p = 0.403). The mean BI score was 78.1 ± 15.3 in patients with anxious temperament and 68.0 ± 28.3 in patients without anxious temperament (p = 0.541). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that BI score was not associated with affective temperament changes.Conclusion:The results of the current study suggest that depressive and anxious temperaments are the most common affective temperaments and that there appears to be no association between disability level and dominant affective temperament in stroke survivors.

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