scholarly journals The Yemeni Brown Algae Dictyota dichotoma Exhibit High In Vitro Anticancer Activity Independent of Its Antioxidant Capability

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina El-Shaibany ◽  
Molham AL-Habori ◽  
Tareq Al-Maqtari ◽  
Hassan Al-Mahbashi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Dictyota Dichotoma ◽  
Mcf 7

The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer and antioxidant activities as well as the safety of the brown algae Dictyota dichotoma of the Western seacoast of Yemen. Cytotoxicity of methanol extract of D. dichotoma and several of its fractions, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous extracts against seven different cancer cell lines was determined by crystal violet staining. The antioxidant activity was also assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Acute toxicity study was performed on rats at increasing doses of the methanol extract. Extracts of D. dichotoma exerted a significant dose-dependent cytotoxicity on the seven tumor cell lines but were generally more selective on MCF-7 and PC-3. Among all fractions, the chloroform fraction of the D. dichotoma displayed the highest cytotoxic activity and was most effective in MCF-7, PC3, and CACO cells (IC50 = 1.93 ± 0.25, 2.2 ± 0.18, and 2.71 ± 0.53 μg/mL, respectively). The petroleum ether fraction was also effective, particularly against MCF-7 and PC-3 (IC50 = 4.77 ± 0.51 and 3.93 ± 0.51 μg/mL, respectively) whereas the activity of the ethyl acetate fraction was more pronounced against HepG2 and CACO (IC50 = 5.06 ± 0.21 and 5.06 ± 0.23 μg/mL, respectively). Of all the extracts tested, the crude methanolic extract of the algae exhibited only a modest antioxidant potential (IC50 = 204.6 ± 8.3 μg/mL). Doses as high as 5000 mg/kg body weight of D. dichotoma methanolic extracts were safe and well tolerated by rats. The overall results showed that D. dichotoma exhibited a significant cytotoxic activity probably due to the occurrence of nonpolar cytotoxic compounds, which is independent of its antioxidant capability.

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Secondary Metabolites Present in Sarcopoterium Spinosum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5300
Author(s):  
Jozef Hudec ◽  
Jan Mojzis ◽  
Marta Habanova ◽  
Jorge A. Saraiva ◽  
Pavel Hradil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Sarcopoterium Spinosum ◽  
Mcf 7

Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases including cancer in the Near- and Middle East. The fractions and constituents of the ethanol extract of S. spinosum were screened for in vitro cytotoxic activities on Jurkat (acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia), HeLa (cervical adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (mammary gland adenocarcinoma), Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), and MDA-MB-231 (mammary gland adenocarcinoma) cell lines using the MTT (3-(dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The ethanol extract was subsequently re-extracted with ethyl acetate and in its sub-fraction obtained by column chromatography three compounds (stachydrine, benzalkonium chloride and rutine) were the first time identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The most active subfraction showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa, MCF-7, and Caco-2 cell lines. The three compounds mentioned, as standards of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quality, were studied individually and in combination. Cytotoxic activity observed might be due to the presence of benzalkonium chloride and rutin. Benzalkonium chloride showed the strongest growth suppression effect against HeLa cells (IC50 8.10−7 M) and MCF-7 cells (IC50 5.10−6 M). The mixture of stachydrine and benzalkonium chloride allowed a synergistic cytotoxic effect against all tested cancer and normal cells to be obtained. Anti-cancer activity of the plant extract of S. spinosum remains under-investigated, so this research describes how the three major compounds identified in the ethyl acetate extract can exert a significant dose dependent in vitro cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals ­Chemical profiling and biological activity of Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa M. Al-Madhagi ◽  
Najihah Mohd Hashim ◽  
Nasser A. Awad Ali ◽  
Abeer A. Alhadi ◽  
Siti Nadiah Abdul Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mcf 7

Background Peperomia belongs to the family of Piperaceae. It has different uses in folk medicine and contains rare compounds that have led to increased interest in this genus. Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth is used as an injury disinfectant by Yemeni people. In addition, the majority of Yemen’s population still depend on the traditional remedy for serious diseases such as cancer, inflammation and infection. Currently, there is a deficiency of scientific evidence with regards to the medicinal plants from Yemen. Therefore, this study was performed to assess the chemical profile and in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of P. blanda. Methods Chemical profiling of P. blanda was carried out using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) followed by isolation of bioactive compounds by column chromatography. DPPH• and FRAP assays were used to evaluate antioxidant activity and the MTT assay was performed to estimate the cytotoxicity activity against three cancer cell lines, namely MCF-7, HL-60 and WEHI-3, and three normal cell lines, MCF10A, WRL-68 and HDFa. Results X-ray crystallographic data for peperomin A is reported for the first time here and N,N′-diphenethyloxamide was isolated for the first time from Peperomia blanda. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts showed high radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 36.81 ± 0.09 µg/mL, followed by the dichloromethane extract at 61.78 ± 0.02 µg/mL, whereas the weak ferric reducing activity of P. blanda extracts ranging from 162.2 ± 0.80 to 381.5 ± 1.31 µg/mL were recorded. In addition, petroleum ether crude extract exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against all the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 9.54 ± 0.30, 4.30 ± 0.90 and 5.39 ± 0.34 µg/mL, respectively. Peperomin A and the isolated mixture of phytosterol (stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and WE-HI cell lines with an IC50 of (5.58 ± 0.47, 4.62 ± 0.03 µg/mL) and (8.94 ± 0.05, 9.84 ± 0.61 µg/mL), respectively, compared to a standard drug, taxol, that has IC50 values of 3.56 ± 0.34 and 1.90 ± 0.9 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion The activities of P. blanda extracts and isolated compounds recorded in this study underlines the potential that makes this plant a valuable source for further study on anticancer and antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE LEAVES OF LANNEA KERSTINGII ENGL & K. KRAUSE (ANACADIACEAE)

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 004-009
Author(s):  
Njinga NS ◽  
Sule MI ◽  
Pateh UU ◽  
Hassan HS ◽  
Ahmad MM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration

AbstractThe phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether and crude methanol extracts, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of the leaves of Lannea kerstingii were investigated. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids and triterpenes in the petroleum ether extract, steroid, triterpene, flavonoids and tannins in both crude methanol extract and chloroform fraction while the ethyl acetate fraction contained only flavonoids and tannins. The extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities with zones of inhibition ranging from 17.00 to 21.03, 20.10 to 25.24, 25.32 to 34.02 and 22.28 to 27.20 mm for petroleum ether extract, methanol extract, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration was between 5 and 10mg/ml, 5mg/ml for the petroleum ether and methanol extract respectively, and between 2.5 and 5 mg/ml, 5mg/ml for the acetate fractions. The minimum bactericidal concentration for all the extracts was 40mg/ml respectively except for chloroform fraction which ranged from 20 to 40mg/ml. The minimum fungicidal concentration for all the extracts was found to be 40mg/ml respectively. This result indicates the broad spectrum antimicrobial potential of L. Kerstingii and justifies the use of this plant in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Autophagic Cell Death Is Induced by Acetone and Ethyl Acetate Extracts fromEupatorium odoratum In Vitro: Effects on MCF-7 and Vero Cell Lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizah Bt. Harun ◽  
Syed Mohsin Syed Sahil Jamalullail ◽  
Khoo Boon Yin ◽  
Zulkhairi Othman ◽  
Anita Tilwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Vero Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Autophagic Cell Death ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vero Cell Lines ◽  
Mcf 7 ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Eupatorium odoratum (EO)contains many biologically active compounds, the anticancer effects of which are not well documented. This study evaluates the cytotoxic effects and mechanism of action ofEOextracts on MCF-7 and Vero cell lines. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity using MTT assay, morphological alterations, and apoptosis were carried out. Autophagy was evaluated by LC3-A protein expression. Cytotoxic activity, membrane blebbing and ballooning at 24 hours, replacement by mass vacuolation, and double membrane vesicles mimicking autophagy and cell death were observed in the cancer cells. No apoptosis was observed by DNA fragmentation assay. Overexpression of LC3-A protein indicated autophagic cell death. Cell cycle analysis showed G0 and G2/M arrest. The Vero cells did not show significant cell death at concentrations <100 μg/mL. These results thus suggest that acetone and ethyl acetate extracts ofEOinduce cell death through induction of autophagy and hold potential for development as potential anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Cicuta virosa L. var. latisecta Celak. (Umbelliferae: Cicutal) against Red Imported Fire Ant under Laboratory and Field Conditions

Sociobiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Yong-Qing Tian ◽  
Dong-Mei Cheng ◽  
Zhi-Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Fire Ants ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Red Imported Fire Ant ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Imported Fire Ants ◽  
Red Imported Fire Ants

We evaluated the bioactivities of compounds from Cicuta virosa L. var. latisecta Celak. against red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren) under field and laboratory conditions. The compounds were as follows: methanol extract; petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions from the methanol extract; and the active compound isoimperatorin, which was isolated from the chloroform-fraction. The 7 d LC50 values of the methanol extract, petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions and isoimperatorin toward micrergates were 111.20, 214.45, 40.90, 569.67, and 25.73 mg/kg, res­pectively. The corresponding LC50 values toward macrergates were 155.78, 308.38, 75.01, 776.75, and 42.77 mg/kg, res­pectively. Under field conditions, baits containing 0.2% methanol extract, 0.1% chloroform fraction, and 0.05% isoimperatorin efficiently controlled S. invicta, with effectiveness percentages of 95.56%, 97.78%, and 95.56%, respectively on the 30th day after bait application. Such effectiveness percentages were not significantly different from that obtained using the positive control fipronil. The present study showed that C. virosa L. var. latisecta has potential as a natural control agent for the red imported fire ants.

scholarly journals IN-VITRO CYTOTOXIC AND APOPTOSIS STUDY OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF CLERODENDRUM PHLOMIDIS LEAF ON MCF-7 BREAST AND A-549 LUNG CANCER CELL LINES.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Habeela Jainab N ◽  
Mohan Maruga Raja Mk
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis ◽  
Mcf 7

 Objective: Cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous diseaseand the leading cause of death worldwide. The methanol extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis leaf has been reported for cytotoxicity. Hence, the current investigation was planned to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the chemical constituents isolated from the methanol extract of the C. phlomidis leaf against the Michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer and adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) lung cancer cell lines by the apoptotic study.Methods: Cytotoxic activity of the chemical constituents of the methanol extract of the C. phlomidis leaf was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against breast cancer (MCF-7) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines. The MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were tested at different concentrations to determine 50% of growth inhibition (inhibitory concentration [IC50]) by MTT assay. Apoptosis of nuclei was detected by 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining assay.Results: In MCF-7 breast cancer cell line study, Compounds 6 and 9 exhibited good cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 83.80 and 75.16 μg/ml, respectively. In A549 lung cancer cell line, again Compounds 6 and 9 exhibited good cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 84.46 and 78.60 μg/ml, respectively. Percentage of apoptosis induced by the Compounds 6 and 9 in the MCF-7 cancer cells was found to be 74.50 and 85.48, respectively.Conclusion: The results of the current study prove that the Compounds 6 and 9 are potential agents for breast and lung cancer. In future research, these potential agents can further be evaluated by animal studies and their mechanism of action apart from the induction of apoptosis of the cancer cells can be determined.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Akanda (Calotropis gigantea L.) on Some Pathogenic Bacteria.

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ashraful Alam ◽  
M Rowshanul Habib ◽  
Rarjana Nikkon ◽  
Matiar Rahman ◽  
M Rezaul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Petroleum Ether Fraction ◽  
Ether Fraction

The antibacterial activity of methanol extract from the root bark of Akanda (Calotropis gigantea L.) and its petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were investigated. Both of methanol extract and its chloroform fraction showed activity against Sarcina lutea, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Petroleum ether fraction showed activity against Bacillus subtilis and Shigella sonnei whereas ethyl acetate fraction showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli at 20ìg/disc, 30ìg/disc and 40ìg/disc doses. Among the tested materials, methanol extract and its chloroform fraction showed comparatively better results. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for methanol extract and each fraction were also determined by serial dilution technique. Keywords: Methanol extract, Akonda (Calotropis gigantea), Petroleum ether fraction, Chloroform fraction and Ethyl acetate fraction.   DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1156Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 397-404, 2008

scholarly journals A New Cytotoxic Steroidal Glycoalkaloid from the Methanol Extract of Blumea lacera Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raushanara Akter ◽  
Shaikh J. Uddin ◽  
Joe Tiralongo ◽  
I. Darren Grice ◽  
Evelin Tiralongo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Steroidal Glycoalkaloid ◽  
Blumea Lacera ◽  
Mcf 7

PURPOSE: Blumea lacera (B. lacera) (Asteraceae) is a well-known Bangladeshi medicinal plant. This study aimed to identify and characterize constituents associated with the significant cytotoxic activity of this plant that we reported previously. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a new steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) 1, the evaluation of its cytotoxic activity, apoptotic potential, and effect on cell cycle in comparison to analogous steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs). METHODS: SGA 1 was isolated using C18 SPE and HPLC, and subsequently structurally characterized using 1D and 2D NMR, MS and other spectroscopic methods, along with a comparative inspection of the literature. Cytotoxic activity of 1 and seven SGA analogues and steroidal alkaloids (SAs), (β-solamarine, α-solanine, β-solamargine, α-solasonine, khasianine, solasodine, tomatidine HCl) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against two healthy (NIH3T3 and VERO) and four human cancer (AGS, HT-29, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) cell lines using the MTT assay. Cytotoxic SGAs were further evaluated for apoptosis-inducing potential and cell cycle arresting ability against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) using the FITC Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) assay. RESULTS: Bioactivity guided fractionation of the methanol extract of B. lacera led to isolation of compound 1: (25R)-3β-{O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl}-22αN-spirosol-5-ene. SGA 1 was the most cytotoxic compound against a number of human cancer cell lines with an IC50 of 2.62 µM against MCF-7 cells. It displayed the highest apoptotic potential (32% AV+/PI-) on MCF-7 cells compared to other cytotoxic SGA analogues and a slight, but significant cell cycle arresting effect. CONCLUSIONS: A new SGA 1 was isolated from B. lacera and its cytotoxic activity, as well as that of other SAGs, was evaluated. SAR investigations on SGA 1, in relation to SGA analogues, show that the number and nature of sugar moieties along with the linkages of the sugar to the aglycone are crucial for cytotoxic and apoptotic activity. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

Antiradical and Cytotoxic Activity of Different Helichrysum Plicatum Flower Extracts

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dubravka Bigović ◽  
Katarina Šavikin ◽  
Teodora Janković ◽  
Nebojša Menković ◽  
Gordana Zdunić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Moderate Activity

Flowers of Helichrysum plicatum were extracted under different experimental conditions, and their antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Extracts obtained with higher concentration of ethyl acetate (90% or 100%) were found to contain the greatest amount of total phenolics (> 250 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dried extract), and high correlation between total phenolic content and antiradical activity was observed (r = −0.79). Based on the total phenolic content and antiradical activity, some extracts were selected for investigation of cytotoxic activity toward PC3, HeLa and K562 human cancer cell lines in vitro. All tested extracts exhibited moderate activity against HeLa cells (41.9-42.1 μg/mL), whereas the extract obtained with 100% ethyl acetate was the most active against K562 and PC3 cell lines (25.9 and 39.2 μg/mL, respectively). Statistical analysis revealed significant correlation between total phenolic content and cytotoxic activity against PC3 and K562 cells. HPLC identification of phenolic compounds from the extracts indicated the presence of apigenin, naringenin and kaempferol as free aglycones, and glycosides of apigenin, naringenin, quercetin and kaempferol. Among aglycones, kaempferol displayed moderate cytostatic activity against all cell lines (24.8-64.7 μM).

scholarly journals Indonesian Micromelum minutum Leave Extracts and Their Cytotoxic Activities toward Breast Cancer Cell Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Ratna Asmah Susidarti ◽  
Edy Meiyanto ◽  
Muthi' Ikawati ◽  
Normaidah Normaidah ◽  
Nurramadhani A. Sida
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
4T1 Cells ◽  
Mcf 7

Isolation and identification of compounds and pharmacological activity of the Micromelum minutum grown in some countries has been done, but the Indonesian M. minutum has not been studied, either phytochemically or pharmacologically. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of Indonesian M. minutum leave extracts toward MCF-7 and 4T1 breast cancer cell lines. The leaves were obtained from M. minutum grow in Bantimurung National Park, Bulusaraung, South Sulawesi, and then were macerated gradually in hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The cytotoxic activity of obtained extracts was determined by MTT assay. The extraction yielded hexane (HEM), ethyl acetate (EEM), and methanol (MEM) extracts of 2.65, 6.12, and 6.49%, respectively. HEM was the most potent extract with IC50 values of 148 and 87 µg/mL on MCF-7 and 4T1 cells, respectively, followed by EEM (185 and 170 µg/mL). MEM possessed a weak potency with an IC50 value of 384 µg/mL on MCF-7 cells and was not toxic toward 4T1 cells. Therefore, HEM is important to be further investigated for its active constituents.

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