scholarly journals Investigation of Mild Steel Corrosion in the Cement Production Associated with the Usage of Secondary Fuels

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Michael Thieme ◽  
Ute Bergmann ◽  
Anja Kiesewetter ◽  
Tobias Wehry ◽  
Kay Potzger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Process Gas

The present work deals with the corrosion of mild steel (1.0037) used as the outer construction material of the preheater of a modern industrial cement production facility. The facility uses secondary fuels, which introduce considerable amounts of corrosive species. The situation at the examination sites in the preheater zone is tracked over a period of two years including operation and shut-down periods. The investigation is focused on (i) the acquisition of the underlying physicochemical conditions, such as moisture, temperature, and contamination data at the examination site of the preheater, (ii) the multianalytical identification of the formed corrosion products using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, and Möβbauer spectrometry, and (iii) voltammetric and EIS laboratory investigations using model solutions. It was evidenced that corrosion takes place at a temperature level of about 100°C in the presence of moisture and oxygen as well as chloride ion as a consequence of the usage of secondary fuels. Typical hot-gas corrosion could be excluded under the current conditions. Appearance, structure, and nature of the corrosion products were found to be not mainly dependent on the varied length of exposure, but on the conditions of the hosting preheater intake. In addition to different FeOOH phases and hematite, magnetite was found, dependent on the oxygen concentration in the process gas. The decisive role of oxygen as key factor for the corrosion rate was electrochemically confirmed.

scholarly journals Upgrading pyrolytic residue from waste tires to commercial carbon black

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Hengxiang Li ◽  
Qing Cao ◽  
Li’e Jin ◽  
Fumeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Commercial Carbon

The managing and recycling of waste tires has become a worldwide environmental challenge. Among the different disposal methods for waste tires, pyrolysis is regarded as a promising route. How to effectively enhance the added value of pyrolytic residue (PR) from waste tires is a matter of great concern. In this study, the PRs were treated with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids in turn under ultrasonic waves. The removal efficiency for the ash and sulfur was investigated. The pyrolytic carbon black (PCB) obtained after treating PR with acids was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, laser Raman spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and physisorption apparatus. The properties of PCB were compared with those of commercial carbon black (CCB) N326 and N339. Results showed PRs from waste tires were mainly composed of carbon, sulfur, and ash. The carbon in PCB was mainly from the CCB added during tire manufacture rather than from the pyrolysis of pure rubbers. The removal percentages for the ash and sulfur of PR are 98.33% (from 13.98 wt % down to 0.24 wt %) and 70.16% (from 1.81 wt % down to 0.54 wt %), respectively, in the entire process. The ash was mainly composed of metal oxides, sulfides, and silica. The surface properties, porosity, and morphology of the PCB were all close to those of N326. Therefore, PCB will be a potential alternative of N326 and reused in tire manufacture. This route successfully upgrades PR from waste tires to the high value-added CCB and greatly increases the overall efficiency of the waste tire pyrolysis industry.

A study of the corrosion of polymethyl methacrylate coated rebar using glancing angle X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3912 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Situm ◽  
Xiaoxuan Guo ◽  
Burke Barlow ◽  
Bao Guo ◽  
Ian Burgess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Polymer Coating ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glancing Angle ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Polymer coatings can be used to mitigate the corrosion of steel in high chloride environments. Obtaining speciation information from thin corrosion layers can be important for understanding corrosion mechanisms, including polymer coating failure. This study outlines the effectiveness of collecting glancing angle X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (GA-XANES) spectra at the Fe K-edge to obtain chemical speciation information at the polymer-steel interface without removal of the polymer film. The depth of penetration of the incident X-rays can be altered by changing the incidence angle, allowing for more fluorescence signal from corrosion products to be detected relative to the Fe metal fluorescence signal in GA-XANES spectra. This study demonstrates the use of GA-XANES to study thin layers of steel corrosion and obtain depth profile information of steel corrosion products beneath a polymethyl methacrylate polymer coating.

scholarly journals Novel Bovine Serum Albumin Protein Backbone Reassembly Study: Strongly Twisted β-Sheet Structure Promotion upon Interaction with GO-PAMAM

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2603
Author(s):  
Andra Mihaela Onaș ◽  
Iuliana Elena Bîru ◽  
Sorina Alexandra Gârea ◽  
Horia Iovu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Protein Backbone ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Β Sheet

This study investigates the formation of a graphene oxide-polyamidoamine dendrimer complex (GO-PAMAM) and its association and interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry indicated the formation of covalent linkage between the GO surface and PAMAM with 7.22% nitrogen content in the GO-PAMAM sample, and various interactions between BSA and GO-PAMAM, including π-π* interactions at 291.5 eV for the binding energy value. Thermogravimetric analysis highlighted the increasing thermal stability throughout the modification process, from 151 to 192 °C for the 10% weight loss temperature. Raman spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analysis were used in order to examine the complexes’ assembly, showing a prominent (0 0 2) lattice in GO-PAMAM. Dynamic light scattering tests proved the formation of stable graphenic and graphenic-protein aggregates. The secondary structure rearrangement of BSA after interaction with GO-PAMAM was investigated using circular dichroism spectroscopy. We have observed a shift from 10.9% β-sheet composition in native BSA to 64.9% β-sheet composition after the interaction with GO-PAMAM. This interaction promoted the rearrangement of the protein backbone, leading to strongly twisted β-sheet secondary structure architecture.

Environmental Conditions for Akaganeite Formation in Marine Atmosphere Mild Steel Corrosion Products and Its Characterization

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/1672 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 872-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Morcillo ◽  
J.M. González-Calbet ◽  
J.A. Jiménez ◽  
I. Díaz ◽  
J. Alcántara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Marine Atmosphere ◽  
Mild Steel Corrosion

A mossbauer and X-ray study of the corrosion products of mild steel plates buried in four New Zealand soils

Soil Research ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Johnston ◽  
JB Metson ◽  
CW Childs ◽  
HR Penhale
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
57Fe Mössbauer ◽  
Magnetite Fe3o4

57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods have been used to study the nature of the corrosion products of mild steel plates buried in four New Zealand soils of widely differing properties. This shows that superparamagnetic goethite (�-FeOOH) is the major corrosion product, with akagankite (�-FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (y-FeOOH) the next most abundant. Magnetite (Fe3O4) is also present in some samples.

A Thermodynamic Model for the Prediction of Mild Steel Corrosion Products in an Aqueous Hydrogen Sulfide Environment

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/1566 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 945-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ning ◽  
Yougui Zheng ◽  
Bruce Brown ◽  
David Young ◽  
Srdjan Nešić
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Mild Steel Corrosion

RHIZOPHORA APICULATA AS ECO-FRIENDLY INHIBITOR AGAINST MILD STEEL CORROSION IN 1 M HCL

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (Supp01) ◽  
pp. 1850013 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD ALI ASAAD ◽  
MOHAMMAD ISMAIL ◽  
PANDIAN BOTHI RAJA ◽  
NUR HAFIZAH A. KHALID
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Gravimetric Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Mild Steel Corrosion ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

The inhibitive characteristics of aqueous extracts from mangrove (Rhizophora apiculata) bark and leaf on the corrosion of mild steel (MS) coupon in 1 M HCl were examined by means of the gravimetric measurement (weight loss), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The MS surface morphologie were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) at 120[Formula: see text]h in the presence and absence of green inhibitors in corrosive medium. Respective inhibition efficiencies of 68.1% and 59.0% were obtained when exposed to 10% v/v Rhizophora apiculata solution for 72[Formula: see text]h. Examination of the adsorption behavior of the solutions indicated the Langmuir isotherm model as being the most likely relevant adsorption mechanism. In addition, polarization measurements showed that both bark and leaves extract inhibitors act via mixed type inhibition.

scholarly journals Effect of 1-Acetyl-1H-Benzotriazole on Corrosion of Mild Steel in 1M HCl

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-988
Author(s):  
P. P. Kamble ◽  
R. S. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Inhibition Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mild Steel Corrosion ◽  
Hcl Solution

The corrosion inhibition study of  1-acetyl-1H-benzotriazole (ABTZ) on mild steel in 1M HCl solution has been investigated using different techniques like weight loss, open circuit potential (OCP), and potentiodynamic polarization. Results showed that ABTZ inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiencies increased with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The polarization curves revealed that the studied compound behaved as a mixed-type of inhibitor. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the surface of mild steel in the corrosive environment followed the Langmuir isotherm. The presence of thin film formed due to adsorption of ABTZ on mild steel surface is further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).

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