scholarly journals Philosophical Analysis of the Meaning and Nature of Entropy and Negative Entropy Theories

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kun Wu ◽  
Qiong Nan ◽  
Tianqi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Information Entropy ◽  
Information Science ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Negative Entropy ◽  
Entropy Information ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The interpretation of entropy and negative entropy theories on the nature of information is the first scientific paradigm on the interpretation of the nature of information at the beginning of the rise of contemporary information science. The information entropy or negative entropy theories are the relative measurement for the structuralization degree of the system at a specific level, which have certain characteristics of relativity, functionality, and quantification. Although the concepts of entropy, negative entropy, information, entropy increase, and entropy decrease often have very different specific meanings in different disciplines and for different scientists, the meanings of these concepts are unified in essence and the differences between them are generated when the same kind of concepts is applied to the study of different directions of the same kind of phenomena: either to the static structuralization degree of the system or to the change of the dynamic structuralization degree of the system. Since entropy and negative entropy theories only measure the relationship of structural differences at a specific level of the system from a formal aspect, they are not aimed at the information itself but rather they are aimed at only the structuralization characteristics of the information carrier itself at a specific level. Because of this, it is impossible to deduce the general nature of information directly from such theories.

Some Difficulties of Learning to Program

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedict Du Boulay
Keyword(s):  
General Level ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article is a brief introduction to some of the issues that teachers of programming may find helpful. It starts by presenting a fairly idiosyncratic view of teaching programming which makes use of mechanistic analogies and points out some of the pitfalls. The article goes on to examine certain errors based on the misapplication of analogies as well as certain interaction errors. The main emphasis is on the notional machine both at the general level of understanding (and misunderstanding) the relationship of the terminal to the computer as such, as well as at the more specific level of understanding assignment. Notation and mistakes that poorly-designed languages can induce novices to commit are discussed.

IT Project Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-72
Author(s):  
Jo Ann Starkweather Bigbee ◽  
Deborah H. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Project Success ◽  
Attribute Importance ◽  
Project Duration ◽  
It Project ◽  
Project Management Professionals ◽  
Strong Correlate ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The critical nature of information flow as a precursor to project success has been affirmed by both scholars and project management professionals. The data analyzed in this study represent the perceptions of 91 IT project professionals regarding the importance of 18 different aspects of project communication to project success. The relationship of these data vis-a-vis project manager demographics and project/organizational characteristics is explored. Despite a relatively high level of agreement across the respondents regarding which communications are perceived critical to project success, there are clear project and stakeholder circumstances that warrant consideration. The data reveal both statistical and practical dimensions of communication that attribute importance to project success differently for internal as compared to external communication. Furthermore, the emergence of average project duration as a consistently strong correlate of perceived importance of communication to project success is an area of research deserving greater attention.

The Marketing of Information and Knowledge Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 127-155
Author(s):  
José Poças Rascão
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the issues of customers´ satisfaction and needs, in terms of information, as a basis for the practice of marketing in information management. It underlines the arguments of the relationship between Marketing and information science. The main idea is that Marketing practice cannot occur without information about customers and to customers. This way, the relationship of marketing to information management, in information science, is emphasized. Likewise, the importance of the studies and research on Marketing of information, as philosophical approach of the information management process, is highlighted. The structure of the chapter synthesizes the existing academic work while seeking to generate new knowledge. Moreover, it presents the promotion and communication of information in organizations from the evolution of the concept of Marketing, in an integrated manner. Finally, the implications for future research are advanced.

The library as soft-power actor: A review

IFLA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 034003522110541
Author(s):  
Emilia C Bell ◽  
Mary Anne Kennan
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Search Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This narrative review pursues an understanding of the relationship of libraries to the concepts of soft power and public and cultural diplomacy. The cross-disciplinary nature of the study required that the search approach include literature from both the International Relations and Library and Information Science disciplines. The analysed literature reveals three key gaps. First, research explicitly addressing the topic of ‘libraries and soft power’ is scarce. Second, the little Library and Information Science literature that addresses libraries and soft power rarely considers contemporary discourse. Third, the literature often has an implicit liberal institutionalist perspective, overlooking negative or hegemonic aspects of soft power. Given that soft power is considered increasingly relevant for representing national interests, understanding libraries’ roles and impact in international relations is significant and warrants further research.

The Innovation That Information Science Proposes

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-123
Author(s):  
Natália da Conceição Matui ◽  
Marco Donizete Paulino da Silva ◽  
Luciana de Souza Gracioso
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Communicative Efficiency ◽  
Support Of Research ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Faced with the multiple understandings assumed by different institutions about the concept of Innovation, the need to locate the semantic principles related to this concept was identified, which has ensured that information science (CI) is contemplated by funding agencies in the development of research projects. The objective was to understand the epistemological relationship between innovation and IC in order to construct a semantic indication of both the conceptual compound of innovation according to the logic of the achievement bodies and an indication of what is taken as relevant for funding in development and research by the agency FAPESP (Foundation for the Support of Research of the State of São Paulo, Brazil). It is concluded that since 1992, CI's research projects, subsidized by FAPESP, have had, in a preponderant way, technology (perception of promotion) and interdisciplinarity (communicative efficiency) as determining elements of the relationship of this area with innovation.

Information Science and Its Relation to Other Areas of Knowledge

2018 ◽  
pp. 165-190
Author(s):  
José Poças Rascão
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between information science and other areas of knowledge based on the aggregation of existing literature. It is a descriptive study, with the goal of identifying and characterizing the relationship among different areas of expertise. The structure of the chapter summarizes the existing academic work, seeking to generate new knowledge. The results can be used to integrate the relationship of the different areas of knowledge. The chapter seeks to first identify apparent relationships and then focuses in more detail on some of them. It concludes with the implications for future research.

Author-related factors predicting citation counts of conference papers: focusing on computer and information science

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-476
Author(s):  
Danielle Lee
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Citation Counts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Conference Papers ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to assess the predictive power of authorship properties determined at the time of publishing conference papers on future citations of conference papers in computer and information science. Design/methodology/approach This study examined 21 factors – related to all authors and to the first author – as potentially predictive of citation counts. Specifically, the study assessed properties of author's academic performance, degree of collaboration and topological properties of their research collaboration networks. Findings The results of comparing all authors with first authors indicate that the all author-related factors have a significantly higher power for explaining conference paper citation counts than the first author-related factors. Moreover, among the all author-related factors, the degree centrality before the target paper made the largest contribution. Originality/value This is one of the first attempts to focus on the relationship of author characteristics to conference papers. This is also one of only a few studies to expand prior research, which limited its bibliometric foci to journal articles, to conference papers.

scholarly journals The Umayyads’ Intermarriages: Its Political and Administrative Impacts on the Umayyad State (41-132 H / 661-749 AD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Huda Fahad Alzowy
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Umayyad Dynasty ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Intermarriages represent a form of social connections that occur for common reasons. However, they may also occur for special reasons such as strengthening the relationship of certain families, achieving a tribal alliance, raising the social status of a family, or gaining economic benefits.This study addresses the theme of Umayyad intermarriages and tries to figure out its general nature and whether it had clear political or administrative impacts and how the sources were interested in clarifying these impacts. This research is divided into two sections: the first focused on Umayyad men and women intermarriage, both Sufiani and Marwani. This study adopted two sources of pedigree books: Zubairi (d. 236 AH) Quraish Pedigree and Al-Baladhuri (d. 279 AH) Ashraf pedigree which aim to identify the general nature of Umayyad family intermarriages and the extent of social openness to other Quraish families in particular and Arab tribes in general. The researcher used the statistical method.The second section focused on searching the impacts of intermarriage on the political and administrative conditions in the Umayyad dynasty by relying on historical sources and identifying the extent to which those sources were interested in linking those situations to intermarriage.

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