scholarly journals Diffuse Pancreatic Carcinoma with Hepatic Metastases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hoang Quan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Trinh Thi Pham ◽  
Van Trung Hoang ◽  
Hoang Anh Thi Van ◽  
Chinh Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Therapeutic Management ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Timely Diagnosis ◽  
Made In

Pancreatic cancer is one of the seven leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Diffuse pancreatic carcinoma is very rare and underreported in the literature. Many advances have been made in the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer. However, most pancreatic cancer cases are detected at the terminal or metastatic stages. Therefore, timely diagnosis and therapeutic management are desirable goals for this disease. Although the proliferation of pancreatic cancer has been reduced by intervention, more work is needed to treat and prevent the disease. The purpose of this article is to present a case of a 54-year-old male with pancreatic cancer and to review the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prevention of pancreatic tumors in general as well as pancreatic carcinoma in particular.

scholarly journals Pancreatic Cancer With Ovarian Metastasis: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingtong Zhou ◽  
Hongtao Cao ◽  
Banbo Zhao ◽  
Zhibo Zheng ◽  
Cheng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Ovarian Metastasis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Pancreatic Metastasis ◽  
Ovarian Metastases ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Abstract Background: To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer with ovarian metastasis.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with ovarian metastases of primary pancreatic cancer who were admitted to our hospital from 01/01/1985 to 04/01/2020.Results: In total, there were 3757 female pancreatic-cancer patients. 9 of them were diagnosed with ovarian metastasis at an average age of 51.89 (38-69) years. The reason for the patients’ visit was generally a mass in the lower abdomen and/or abdominal pain. 7 patients had significantly higher serum CA19-9 levels. 8 patients had pancreatic tumors located in the body or tail; 1 patient, in the pancreatic head. All patients underwent excision of ovarian tumors and resection or biopsy of pancreatic tumors. 6 patients had pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 2 had pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma (PCC), and 1 had pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PNEC), all revealed by the pathological results. Ovarian tumors were assessed by pathology and were consistent with pancreatic metastasis. Currently, 2 patients are still alive (followed until 04/2020). The median survival time for all patients was 7 months (2.9-22 months).Conclusions: Pancreatic cancer with ovarian metastases is rare and easily misdiagnosed. When ovarian tumors are suspected to be metastatic, elevated serum CA19-9 may indicate that the primary cancer is pancreatic. Enhanced CT can facilitate diagnostic localization. In addition, if the pancreatic tumor cannot be removed, the ovarian tumor should still be resected to reduce the tumor load and improve quality of life.

scholarly journals Imaging of Pancreatic Carcinoma on Multidetector Computed Tomography, A Tertiary Care Experience at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinoma ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Vascular Involvement ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Mdct Examination

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease. The mortality rate for pancreatic tumor has changed over the last 20 years. Early diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma is very important for therapeutic decisions and surgical planning. Contrast enhance CT facilitated the detection of primary tumor and staging. Objective: This study is to evaluate various presentations of pancreatic carcinomas on their initial MDCT (Multidetector Computed Tomography) and to evaluate its resectability and to compare CT features among resectable and non-resectable tumors. Methodology: All the patients underwent multi-phasic CT scan on a 16-slice MDCT. CT findings were analyzed included tumor location, size, enhancement pattern, nodal disease, duct dilatations, vascular involvement and evidence of metastatic disease. Results: Total 63 records of patients examined during 2017 and 2019 meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The average age at time of MDCT examination was 62.51 ± 13.17 years. The disease was more common in males (n=36, 57.1%). Out of 63 pancreatic tumors, 14 (22.22%) tumors were identified as resectable tumors on MDCT examination. Tumor size (p<0.001), peripancreatic nodes (p=0.006), contrast enhancement (p=0.018), vessel involvement (p<0.001), ascites (p=0.006), hepatic metastases (p=0.001) and peripheral organ involvement (p<0.001) were significantly different among resectable and non-resectable tumors. Conclusion: MDCT is an excellent and most commonly used modality for diagnosis and staging of pancreatic carcinoma particularly with a high sensitivity for detection of vascular invasion and metastatic disease.

Diagnosis and Management of Cardiomyopathies – A Focus on Genetics, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Clinical Features

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Sinagra ◽  
Michele Moretti ◽  
Giancarlo Vitrella ◽  
Marco Merlo ◽  
Rossana Bussani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Made In

In recent years, outstanding progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiomyopathies. Genetics is emerging as a primary point in the diagnosis and management of these diseases. However, molecular genetic analyses are not yet included in routine clinical practice, mainly because of their elevated costs and execution time. A patient-based and patient-oriented clinical approach, coupled with new imaging techniques such as cardiac magnetic resonance, can be of great help in selecting patients for molecular genetic analysis and is crucial for a better characterisation of these diseases. This article will specifically address clinical, magnetic resonance and genetic aspects of the diagnosis and management of cardiomyopathies.

scholarly journals Role of Endoscopic Ultrasonography and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Yasutaka Ishii ◽  
Masahiro Serikawa ◽  
Tomofumi Tsuboi ◽  
Ryota Kawamura ◽  
Ken Tsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasonography ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Decision Strategy ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Small Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Eus Elastography

Pancreatic cancer has the poorest prognosis among all cancers, and early diagnosis is essential for improving the prognosis. Along with radiologic modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic modalities play an important role in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. This review evaluates the roles of two of those modalities, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. EUS can detect pancreatic cancer with higher sensitivity and has excellent sensitivity for the diagnosis of small pancreatic cancer that cannot be detected by other imaging modalities. EUS may be useful for the surveillance of pancreatic cancer in high-risk individuals. Contrast-enhanced EUS and EUS elastography are also useful for differentiating solid pancreatic tumors. In addition, EUS-guided fine needle aspiration shows excellent sensitivity and specificity, even for small pancreatic cancer, and is an essential examination method for the definitive pathological diagnosis and treatment decision strategy. On the other hand, ERCP is invasive and performed less frequently for the purpose of diagnosing pancreatic cancer. However, ERCP is essential in cases that require evaluation of pancreatic duct stricture that may be early pancreatic cancer or those that require differentiation from focal autoimmune pancreatitis.

scholarly journals The Cellular and Biological Impact of Extracellular Vesicles in Pancreatic Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3040
Author(s):  
Zainab Hussain ◽  
Jeremy Nigri ◽  
Richard Tomasini
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Biological Impact ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Tumoral Cells

Deciphering the interactions between tumor and stromal cells is a growing field of research to improve pancreatic cancer-associated therapies and patients’ care. Indeed, while accounting for 50 to 90% of the tumor mass, many pieces of evidence reported that beyond their structural role, the non-tumoral cells composing the intra-tumoral microenvironment influence tumor cells’ proliferation, metabolism, cell death and resistance to therapies, among others. Simultaneously, tumor cells can influence non-tumoral neighboring or distant cells in order to shape a tumor-supportive and immunosuppressive environment as well as influencing the formation of metastatic niches. Among intercellular modes of communication, extracellular vesicles can simultaneously transfer the largest variety of signals and were recently reported as key effectors of cell–cell communication in pancreatic cancer, from its development to its evolution as well as its ability to resist available treatments. This review focuses on extracellular vesicles-mediated communication between different cellular components of pancreatic tumors, from the modulation of cellular activities and abilities to their biological and physiological relevance. Taking into consideration the intra-tumoral microenvironment and its extracellular-mediated crosstalk as main drivers of pancreatic cancer development should open up new therapeutic windows.

scholarly journals Vascularisation Pattern of Chronic Pancreatitis Compared with Pancreatic Carcinoma: Results from Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasound

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hocke ◽  
Christoph F. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinoma ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Index ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Doppler Techniques

Discriminating between focal chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer is always a challenge in clinical medicine. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound using Doppler techniques can uniquely reveal different vascularisation patterns in pancreatic tissue alterated by chronic inflammatory processes and even allows a discrimination from pancreatic cancer. This paper will describe the basics of contrast-enhanced high mechanical index endoscopic ultrasound (CEHMI EUS) and contrast enhanced low mechanical index endoscopic ultrasound (CELMI EUS) and explain the pathophysiological differences of the vascularisation of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. Furthermore it will discuss how to use these techniques in daily clinical practice.

Splenic Rupture: A Rare Presentation of Pancreatic Carcinoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (10) ◽  
pp. 1146-1150
Author(s):  
Wendy M. Smith ◽  
Joel G. Lucas ◽  
Wendy L. Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinoma ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Splenic Rupture ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Solid Malignancy ◽  
Cancer Of The Pancreas ◽  
Underlying Malignancy ◽  
Atraumatic Splenic Rupture ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Of The Pancreas

Abstract Context.—Splenic rupture secondary to solid malignancy is an infrequent complication that usually occurs late in the progression of a previously diagnosed cancer. In rare instances, splenic rupture precipitates the discovery of an unsuspected pancreatic carcinoma. We report 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in which the patients presented with splenic rupture. Objectives.—To review the clinicopathologic features of splenic rupture due to pancreatic carcinoma and to increase awareness of malignancy as a possible etiology for atraumatic splenic rupture. Design.—We reviewed the clinical and pathologic data from 2 patients. A literature search was conducted to identify previous reports of splenic rupture associated with pancreatic cancer. We summarized the characteristics of the earlier cases and compared them with those of our patients. Results.—We found only 4 previous reports of splenic rupture preceding the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. In 3 of these cases, the pancreatic carcinoma grossly invaded the spleen at the time of resection. In contrast, malignancy was not suspected as the etiology of the rupture in our patients until histologic examination of the resected spleen revealed carcinoma. Conclusion.—Splenic rupture is an unusual presentation of cancer of the pancreas, and to our knowledge only 4 cases have been reported previously in the literature. Although an underlying malignancy is relatively rare, spleens resected for atraumatic rupture should be carefully examined for possible neoplastic etiologies.

TIMP1 expression underlies sex disparity in liver metastasis and survival in pancreatic cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris D. Hermann ◽  
Benjamin Schoeps ◽  
Celina Eckfeld ◽  
Enkhtsetseg Munkhbaatar ◽  
Lukas Kniep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metastasis Development ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Sex Disparity ◽  
Timp1 Expression

Sex disparity in cancer is so far inadequately considered, and components of its basis are rather unknown. We reveal that male versus female pancreatic cancer (PC) patients and mice show shortened survival, more frequent liver metastasis, and elevated hepatic metastasis-promoting gene expression. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) was the secreted factor with the strongest male-biased expression in patient-derived pancreatic tumors. Male-specific up-regulation of systemic TIMP1 was demonstrated in PC mouse models and patients. Using TIMP1-competent and TIMP1-deficient PC mouse models, we established a causal role of TIMP1 in determining shortened survival and increased liver metastasis in males. Observing TIMP1 expression as a risk parameter in males led to identification of a subpopulation exhibiting increased TIMP1 levels (T1HI males) in both primary tumors and blood. T1HI males showed increased risk for liver metastasis development not only in PC but also in colorectal cancer and melanoma. This study reveals a lifestyle-independent sex disparity in liver metastasis and may open new avenues toward precision medicine.

scholarly journals Advance in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojie Cai ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
Qiulian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

Pancreatic carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the word wild. Although the advance in treatment this disease, the 5-years survival rate is still rather low. In the recent year, many new therapy and treatment avenues have been developed for pancreatic cancer. In this chapter, we mainly focus on the following aspect: 1) the treatment modality in pancreatic cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy; 2) the mechanism of pancreatic cancer treatment resistance, especially in cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment; 3) the diagnosis tools in pancreatic cancer, including serum markers, imaging methods and endoscopic ultrasonography. Novel molecular probes based on the nanotechnology in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer are also discussed.

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