scholarly journals A Comparison of Objective and Subjective Measures of Respiration in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Pranali Chavan ◽  
Jyoti Mohite
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender and age effect on lung function measures and maximum phonation time in the age range of 20-60 years. The present study also aimed to evaluate correlation between FEV1 and maximum phonation time. Study Design: Cross- sectional study, Convenience sampling method Method: The lung function measures (FVC, FEV1, & FEV1/FVC) and maximum phonation time were obtained from 200 healthy participants in the age range of 20-60 years. These participants were divided into two groups (Group I - 20- 40 years & Group II - 41- 60 years) with equal number of males and females in each group. The lung function measures were obtained using Easy on PC spirometer. Three consecutive trials were collected for MPT using stopwatch. Mann- Whitney U test was used to determine effect of age and gender on lung function measures and MPD. Spearman's Rank Correlations were performed to identify is there any significant relationships between the FEV1 and MPT of /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/. Results: There were significant effect of gender on FVC, FEV1, & MPT except on FEV1/FVC. There was significant effect of age in both genders on FVC, FEV1, & FEV1/FVC. There was no significant effect of age in both genders on MPT /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/ except MPT /a/ for males. FEV1 showed significant positive correlation with MPD (/a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/). Conclusions: The mean FVC and FEV1 were lower in females and higher in males in both the age groups. Maximum phonation time of /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/ was longer in males as compared to female. Age has inverse effect on lung function measure and MPT. FEV1 showed positive correlation with MPT, which indicates that FEV1 increases with increase in MPT. Key words: Maximum Phonation Time, Lung Function Measures.

scholarly journals Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest and Analysis of Different Smile Characteristics in the Saudi Population of the Jeddah Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad ◽  
Doaa Saleh Alghamdi ◽  
Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Mandibular Teeth ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 157 participants (77 males and 80 females) were included in this study with an age range of 19 to 69 years. All participants had maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth without restorations. Crown length and visible portions of anterior teeth at rest were measured using a Fowler Electronic Digital Caliper. Three measurements of each variable were recorded by two independent dental interns and calibrating their measurements was performed. Smile line, smile arc, and number of teeth displayed during smiling were examined. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females. At rest position, females displayed more maxillary central and lateral incisors. The displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. The common visibility of maxillary teeth during smiling was from the second bicuspid to its counterpart. Average smile line and consonant smile arc were the most common characteristics. It was concluded that both age and gender affect the characteristics of tooth display at rest and in smiling. These effects should be considered during treatment planning and restoration of anterior teeth to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.

Alexithymia and anxiety symptoms in Pakistani adolescents: a study of compounded directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sadia jafer ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Amna Arif ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract     Objectives: There is an empirical evidence that symptoms of internalizing disorders such as alexithymia and anxiety increase in adolescence and these symptoms varies across gender and age groups. The purpose of this study was to explore these differences in adolescents. Method: In this cross-sectional study conducted since November 2018 to March 2019, the sample of 185 adolescents selected through random sampling method from different schools. They were assessed on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms by administering Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale respectively. Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was applied to determine the direct and interactive effect of age groups and gender on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms. Results: The results demonstrate that boys reported significantly (p<0.05) higher level of alexithymia symptoms partially (externally oriented) as compared to their counterparts. Further significant (p<0.05) interactive effect of age group and gender was also seen. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the presence of clinical symptoms in school going adolescents may hinder in the physical and psychological health of adolescents, which should be managed through suitable interventions. Keywords: Alexithymia symptoms, Anxiety symptoms, Continuous...

Alexithymia and anxiety symptoms in Pakistani adolescents: a study of compounded directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sadia jafer ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Amna Arif ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract     Objectives: There is an empirical evidence that symptoms of internalizing disorders such as alexithymia and anxiety increase in adolescence and these symptoms varies across gender and age groups. The purpose of this study was to explore these differences in adolescents. Method: In this cross-sectional study conducted since November 2018 to March 2019, the sample of 185 adolescents selected through random sampling method from different schools. They were assessed on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms by administering Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale respectively. Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was applied to determine the direct and interactive effect of age groups and gender on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms. Results: The results demonstrate that boys reported significantly (p<0.05) higher level of alexithymia symptoms partially (externally oriented) as compared to their counterparts. Further significant (p<0.05) interactive effect of age group and gender was also seen. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the presence of clinical symptoms in school going adolescents may hinder in the physical and psychological health of adolescents, which should be managed through suitable interventions. Keywords: Alexithymia symptoms, Anxiety symptoms, Continuous...

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

scholarly journals Determining Orthodontic Knowledge and Awareness in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110221
Author(s):  
Jyoti Mishra ◽  
Sudhir Kapoor ◽  
Jitendra Bhagchandani ◽  
Sonahita Agarwal ◽  
Vaibhav Vashishta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Ethical Clearance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim and Objective: To assess the level of awareness among local adult population (orthodontically untreated) regarding orthodontic treatment and procedures. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned by accessing 100 subjects comprising of 2 groups (50 male and 50 female). After due ethical clearance, a self-structured questionnaire consisting of 17 questions was given to a group of randomly selected 100 individuals with an age range of 20 to 30 years. Results: The overall awareness of orthodontics as a speciality among both the groups was only 52% to 56%. Statistically insignificant difference was found in the knowledge and awareness of orthodontic treatment among both male and female subjects, that is, Group I and II. Also, those who knew about the orthodontic treatment did not opt for it because of high cost and longer duration involved. Conclusion: More than half of the population is unaware of the scope of orthodontic treatment, and thus, they do not seek any assistance. Hence, more efforts are needed to create awareness about orthodontics and the associated benefits.

scholarly journals Relación entre conducta prosocial, resolución de problemas y consumo de drogas en adolescentes

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Hernández-Serrano ◽  
José P. Espada ◽  
Alejandro Guillén-Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prosocial Behaviours ◽  
Age Range

<p>The objectives of the present study are the following ones: 1) to study the use of drugs, the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with respect to age and gender, and 2) to analyze the association of both the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with the use of drugs. An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed, amongst a sample of 567 students in Spanish Compulsory Secondary Education (48.14% males) with an age range from 14 to 17 years (<em>M </em>= 14.92; <em>SD </em>= 0.90). Statistically significant differences were found concerning alcohol use and the prosocial behaviour with respect to gender, as well as concerning alcohol and cannabis use with respect to age. Logistic regression analyses revealed statistical significance of the prosocial behaviour with respect to the use of alcohol and cannabis. The ability in problem-solving was the most important protective predictor with respect to the abuse of cannabis. The results from this study enhance the importance of tailored interventions based on the promotion of prosocial behaviours and/or problem-solving strategies as fundamental protective factors for substance use amongst adolescents.</p>

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY IN TERMS OF ALTERATION IN PFT IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hitesh Kumar Solanki ◽  
Dr. Omnath P Yadav ◽  
Dr. Anita J Gojiya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

The study was conducted in department of physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad from Mar. 2012 to Feb. 2013. This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of smoking on lung   function and serum lipids in asymptomatic smokers   and comparable non   smokers. The mean of the various spirometric parameters were calculated of the subjects for both the groups. The mean FVC in group I and group II was 2.60 ± 0.62 L and 4.10 ± 0.64L respectively. The mean FEV1 in group I was 1.91 ± 0.57L and     3.19 ± 0.77L in group II Group I had mean FEF25% - 75% and PEFR of 1.98 ± 0.67L/sec and 4.50 ± 1.57L/sec respectively. Group II had mean FEF25 – 75% of 4.22 ± 1.23L/sec and a mean PEFR of 7.22 ± 1.42L/sec. In young smokers and asymptomatic, still the spirometric values were significantly deranged as compared to controls. Even smokers with history of less pack years of smoking also had significant abnormalities of lung function. All he spirometric values in the two groups had statistically highly significant difference and were higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers. The spirometric values were reduced in smokers with history of smoking for as low as two pack years. Keywords: Progression, PFT, Asymptomatic & Smokers

scholarly journals Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Shao ◽  
Shao-Song Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qu ◽  
Bi-Bo Liang ◽  
Qing-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from the data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. Results P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20–39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0–19, 20–39, and 40–59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20–59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40–79. Patients received both alfacalcidol and calcium treatment differently from the others in P1NP, β-CTx, Serum Ca, P and ALP. Conclusion P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences. Medication history should be considered in bone turnover and metabolic clinical research.

scholarly journals Prevalence and gender differences of buccally displaced canines of 12 years school children and 18-23 years adults in Shah-Alam, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Majda T. Elfseyie ◽  
◽  
Nagham M.A. Al-Jaf ◽  
Mohamed I. Abu Hassan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
School Children ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Background: The buccally displaced canines (BDC) are more commonly encountered conditions in orthodontic clinics. It is a positional variation result of several factors such as retained deciduous canines, crowding, and lateral incisors anomalous. Aims: To determine the prevalence and gender differences of one-two-three-four buccally displaced canines in the area of Shah-Alam, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 399 subjects; was consist of two age groups; 208 subjects of school children aged 12 years and 191 subjects of adults aged 18-23 years were examined clinically to determine the prevalence of BDC. Statistical analysis: The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16; a Chi-square test was performed to assess the gender differences. Results: No gender differences were found in the school-children group while in the adults group a significant gender difference was found regarding one and four canine displacements (P < 0.05). The prevalence of one-two-three canine displacement was higher significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05). However, the frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in adult females and girls (P < 0.05). The frequency of three canines displacement was approximately equal in both genders. Conclusion: The frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in females. However, the frequency of four canines displacement was higher significantly in males. These features may help in providing additional clinical signs in diagnosis and interception of such clinical situation. It will be effective in treatment plan procedure if canine displacement is detected early, help clinicians on the prevention of impaction possibility.

scholarly journals Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Ju ◽  
Shaosong Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qu ◽  
bibo liang ◽  
Qing-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve the question of whether it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism.METHODS: Patient data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University. From these data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. A total of 156 patients aged under 20 were identified and analyzed separately. RESULTS: P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20-39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0-19, 20-39, and 40-59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20-59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40-79. CONCLUSION: P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document