Study on Memory Function of Stroke Patients under Exercise Relearning Based on DWI Image Analysis Based on Optimized Registration Algorithm

Objective. This paper uses an optimized registration algorithm to analyze the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scan parameters of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the memory function of stroke patients under exercise relearning (MRP). Methods. This study used a random case-control study. 65 patients with stroke and hemiplegia were randomly divided into a control group: conventional rehabilitation intervention (32 cases), and a treatment group: MRP (33 cases). Each patient uses 4 parameters for DWI examination and obtains 4 sets of images, group 1 is the control sequence, group 2 uses parallel acquisition technology, group 3 uses parallel acquisition technology and reduces the number of excitations, group 4 uses parallel acquisition technology to reduce repetition time (TR) and echo time (TE) and enlarge the field of view, and the scan time of each group is 177, 81, 23, and 18 s in sequence. At the time of enrollment and after 12 weeks of treatment, patients in each group were evaluated with Fugl-Meyer motor function score (FMA) and modified Pap index (MBI) for hand and wrist motor function and ADL. Results. After treatment, the FMA and MBI values of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. By adopting a parallel acquisition technique and reducing the number of excitations (group 3) scanning scheme, not only the scanning time is significantly shortened, but also the image quality can meet the diagnostic requirements, which has great application value for AIS patients who need emergency treatment. MRP can obviously promote the hand and wrist motor function and daily living ability of stroke hemiplegic patients.

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Application of Intelligent Exercise Training Equipment in Clinical Nursing of Neurology Department

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1155/2021/8432868 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Linghui Li ◽

Huiqin Chen

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Motor Function ◽

Lower Limb ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Clinical Nursing ◽

Better Than

To investigate the effect of intelligent exercise training equipment on lower limb function and standing stability of stroke patients with hemiplegia in clinical nursing of neurology department. Forty-eight stroke patients with a course of 1 to 3 months were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 24 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation training, and the treatment group was treated with intelligent training system, twice a day, 20 min each time. Lower extremity motor function (using the FMA-L scale) and walking function (using the functional walking scale FAC) were assessed before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. The results showed that there was no statistical difference between the control group and the treatment group in the t-test of lower limb motor function scores before rehabilitation treatment ( P > 0.05 ). After treatment, the lower extremity motor function scores of the two groups were tested by group design T-test, and the results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups ( P < 0.05 ); The effect of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Intelligent exercise training equipment combined with routine rehabilitation therapy in clinical nursing of neurology department could improve the lower extremity motor function and walking ability of patients with convalescence stroke hemiplegia, and the effect was better than that of routine rehabilitation therapy alone.

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Combining inhibitory and facilitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment improves motor function by modulating GABA in acute ischemic stroke patients

Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience ◽

10.3233/rnn-211195 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Qing-Mei Chen ◽

Fei-Rong Yao ◽

Hai-Wei Sun ◽

Zhi-Guo Chen ◽

Jun Ke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Motor Function ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Sham Group ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Motor Dysfunction ◽

Gaba Level ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After

Background: The combination of inhibitory and facilitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve motor function of stroke patients with undefined mechanism. It has been demonstrated that rTMS exhibits a neuro-modulatory effect by regulating the major inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in other diseases. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of combined inhibitory and facilitatory rTMS on GABA in the primary motor cortex (M1) for treating motor dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke. Methods: 44 ischemic stroke patients with motor dysfunction were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group was stimulated with 10 Hz rTMS at the ipsilesional M1 and 1 Hz rTMS at the contralesional M1. The sham group received bilateral sham stimulation at the motor cortices. The GABA level in the bilateral M1 was measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 24 hours before and after rTMS stimulation. Motor function was measured using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). The clinical assessments were performed before and after rTMS and after 3 months. Results: The treatment group exhibited a greater improvement in motor function 24 hours after rTMS compared to the sham group. The increased improvement in motor function lasted for at least 3 months after treatment. Following 4 weeks of rTMS, the GABA level in the ipsilesional M1 of the treatment group was significantly decreased compared to the sham group. Furthermore, the change of FMA score for motor function was negatively correlated to the change of the GABA:Cr ratio. Finally, the effect of rTMS on motor function outcome was partially mediated by GABA level change in response to the treatment (27.7%). Conclusions: Combining inhibitory and facilitatory rTMS can decrease the GABA level in M1, which is correlated to the improvement of motor function. Thus, the GABA level in M1 may be a potential biomarker for treatment strategy decisions regarding rTMS neuromodulatory interventions.

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BCI-Based Rehabilitation on the Stroke in Sequela Stage

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2020/8882764 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Yangyang Miao ◽

Shugeng Chen ◽

Xinru Zhang ◽

Jing Jin ◽

Ren Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Function ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Time Period ◽

Average Improvement ◽

Study Results ◽

Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽

Positive Effect

Background. Stroke is the leading cause of serious and long-term disability worldwide. Survivors may recover some motor functions after rehabilitation therapy. However, many stroke patients missed the best time period for recovery and entered into the sequela stage of chronic stroke. Method. Studies have shown that motor imagery- (MI-) based brain-computer interface (BCI) has a positive effect on poststroke rehabilitation. This study used both virtual limbs and functional electrical stimulation (FES) as feedback to provide patients with a closed-loop sensorimotor integration for motor rehabilitation. An MI-based BCI system acquired, analyzed, and classified motor attempts from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The FES system would be activated if the BCI detected that the user was imagining wrist dorsiflexion on the instructed side of the body. Sixteen stroke patients in the sequela stage were randomly assigned to a BCI group and a control group. All of them participated in rehabilitation training for four weeks and were assessed by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) of motor function. Results. The average improvement score of the BCI group was 3.5, which was higher than that of the control group (0.9). The active EEG patterns of the four patients in the BCI group whose FMA scores increased gradually became centralized and shifted to sensorimotor areas and premotor areas throughout the study. Conclusions. Study results showed evidence that patients in the BCI group achieved larger functional improvements than those in the control group and that the BCI-FES system is effective in restoring motor function to upper extremities in stroke patients. This study provides a more autonomous approach than traditional treatments used in stroke rehabilitation.

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Clinico-haematological effect of selected NSAID in the treatment of experimentally produced myositis in goat

Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1345 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 99-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Aktaruzzaman ◽

J Alam ◽

A Rahman ◽

MM Hossain

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Normal Level ◽

Diclofenac Sodium ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Total Leukocyte Count ◽

Control Group ◽

Veterinary Clinic ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2

The present study was performed in the Department of Medicine and in Veterinary clinic of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from January to June 2002. Myositis was produced experimentally by injecting oil of turpentine in the gluteal muscles of 4 goats of which 2 goats were given treatment with Diclofenac sodium @1mg/kg body weight (treatment group) for consecutive 3 days and remaining 2 goats were reared as control without giving treatment (control group). All the goats were observed for 7 days. Myositis was characterized by reduced appetite, increased body temperature (1-2Â°F), lameness, local swelling and cellular changes in blood level. The appetite in both groups reduced sharply from 1st day of myositis and improved from day 2 and became normal on 3rd day after treatment. Body temperature reduced to normal level from 2nd day after administration of diclofenac sodium but in control group, it came down in the same condition from 4th day onward. Moderate lameness was observed in all the goats of both groups. In treatment group lameness reduced completely in 100% goats after 2 consecutive days of treatment but in control group similar result was observed on day 6. Moderate local swelling was reduced to normal level in treatment group 2 days post treatment remain moderate in control group. Total leukocyte count (TLC) was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in both groups in myositic condition than in healthy condition and it came down to normal level in treatment group 3 days post treatment and in control group it remained higher. Similar changes were observed in Neutrophil count. The number of lymphocyte was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in myositic condition than in healthy ones which again reached to normal level within 3 days of treatment. Key words: Myositis, goat, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1345 Bangl. Â J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 99-102

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Improvement of Hand Motor Function after Radial Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.36803/2621-7678.07(1).01 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 2-12

Author(s):

M Kamaluddin ◽

Erna Setiawati ◽

Tanti Ajoe Kesoema

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Motor Function ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Hand Function ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Control Group ◽

Shock Wave Therapy ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

Introduction: The Radial Shock Wave Therapy (RSWT) expected could improve spasticity and hand function in chronic stroke patients. This study aimed to find out the improvement of hand function after RSWT as an additional therapy in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Design study was a randomized controlled trial. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (Infrared, Stretching, and RSWT) and control group (Infrared and Stretching) for six weeks. Hand motor function was measured using Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment (FMA) before and after intervention. Conclusion: There were improvement of wrist and hand FMA scores in the experimental as well as control group Results: Median of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group before intervention were 2 and 3 respectively whereas median of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group after intervention were 5 and 4 respectively. Median of hand FMA scores in the experimental and control group before intervention were 4 and 4 respectively whereas median of hand FMA scores in the control and experimental group after intervention were 6 and 5 respectively. The scores of wrist- hand FMA in the control and experimental group after intervention were increased P = 0.001P < 0.001 (wrist) and P = 0.001 P < 0.001 (hand) respectively. However, difference increased of wrist and hand FMA scores in the experimental group after intervention were more significant. Keywords: Spasticity, Hand Function, Stroke, Radial Shock Therapy, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment

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Improvement of Hand Motor Function after Radial Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.36803/2019.ikfr.07(1).01 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 2-12

Author(s):

M. Kamaluddin K ◽

Erna Setiawati ◽

Tanti Ajoe Kesoema

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Motor Function ◽

Hand Function ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Control Group ◽

Shock Wave Therapy ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

IIntroduction: The Radial Shock Wave Therapy (RSWT) expected could improve spasticity and hand function in chronic stroke patients. This study aimed to find out the improvement of hand function after RSWT as an additional therapy in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Design study was a randomized controlled trial, in December 2018. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (Infrared, Stretching, and RSWT) and control group (Infrared and Stretching) for six weeks. Hand motor function was measured using Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment (FMA) before and after intervention. Results: The median values of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group before and after intervention were 2 vs 5 (p=0.001) and 3 vs 4 (p<0.001) respectively. The median values of hand FMA scores in the experimental and control group before and intervention were 4 vs 6 (p=0,.001) and 4 vs 5 (p<0.001). However, the delta between before and after intervention was higher in experimental group. Conclusion: The improvement of wrist and hand FMA scores after added treatment by RSWT was tend to higher.Keywords: Spasticity, Hand Function, Stroke, Radial Shock Therapy, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment

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A Long-Term Follow-Up Programme for Maintenance of Motor Function after Stroke: Protocol of the life after Stroke—The LAST Study

Stroke Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/392101 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Torunn Askim ◽

Birgitta Langhammer ◽

Hege Ihle-Hansen ◽

Jon Magnussen ◽

Torgeir Engstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Function ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Severity ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Randomised Controlled

Background. There are no evidence-based strategies that have been shown to be superior in maintaining motor function for months to years after the stroke. The LAST study therefore intends to assess the effect of a long-term follow-up program for stroke patients compared to standard care on function, disability and health.Design. This is a prospective, multi-site randomised controlled trial, with blinded assessment 18 months after inclusion. A total of 390 patients will be recruited and randomised to a control group, receiving usual care, or to an intervention group 10 to 16 weeks after onset of stroke. Patients will be stratified according to stroke severity, age above 80, and recruitment site. The intervention group will receive monthly coaching on physical activity by a physiotherapist for 18 consecutive months after inclusion.Outcomes. The primary outcome is motor function (Motor Assessment Scale) 18 months after inclusion. Secondary outcomes are: dependency, balance, endurance, health-related quality of life, fatigue, anxiety and depression, cognitive function, burden on caregivers, and health costs. Adverse events and compliance to the intervention will be registered consecutively during follow-up.

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Reproductive Toxicity and Biomarker Response to a Daily Dose of Tramadol in Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Biotechnology Journal International ◽

10.9734/bji/2018/v22i330059 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

E. Oriakpono, Obemeata ◽

M. Ajah, Ogechi

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Biomarker Response ◽

Daily Dose ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 5 ◽

Group 2

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of a daily dose of tramadol on selected biomarkers viz: haematological parameters, sperm count, kidney and liver damage in male albino rats. Twenty four wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups: control group and treated groups, the treated group were further divided into four groups and housed in cages. Clean drinking water was served to control (group 1), and 1.6 mg/kg bodyweight of tramadol was administered to group 2 (7 days treatment), group 3 (14 days treatment), group 4 (21 days treatment) and group 5 (21 days treatment +7 days withdrawal) in addition to a daily standard diet for all groups. Treatment of rats with tramadol caused significant decrease (P<0.05) in WBC, platelet and lymph. in group 2, on bicarbonate, AST and protein, it showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in group 3, and it showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in group 5 on Cl-, AST, ALT, bicarbonate, AST, PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, platelet, lymphocytes and sperm count. The results indicates that tramadol has negative effects on the liver which may induce severe liver damage when used for a prolonged period, the results also shows that tramadol can cause anaemia as seen by the observed negative changes in the blood parameters evaluated. Therefore, administration should be with great caution and from a licensed pharmacist or doctor while self prescription or over the counter administration should be avoided considering the associated adverse effects.

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Motor Function Assessment of Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Journal of Healthcare Engineering ◽

10.1155/2021/6621950 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Bingyu Pan ◽

Zhen Huang ◽

Tingting Jin ◽

Jiankang Wu ◽

Zhiqiang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Function ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Inertial Sensor ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Nonnegative Matrix ◽

Sensor Data ◽

Muscle Synergy ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients

Background. Quantitative assessment of motor function is extremely important for poststroke patients as it can be used to develop personalized treatment strategies. This study aimed to propose an evaluation method for upper limb motor function in stroke patients. Methods. Thirty-four stroke survivors and twenty-five age-matched healthy volunteers as the control group were recruited for this study. Inertial sensor data and surface electromyography (sEMG) signals were collected from the upper limb during voluntary upward reaching. Five features included max shoulder joint angle, peak and average speeds, torso balance calculated from inertial sensor data, and muscle synergy similarity extracted from sEMG data by the nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm. Meanwhile, the Fugl–Meyer score of each patient was graded by professional rehabilitation therapist. Results. Statistically significant differences were observed among severe, mild-to-moderate, and control group of five features ( p ≤ 0.001). The features varied as the level of upper limb motor function changes since these features significantly correlated with the Fugl–Meyer assessment scale ( p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, the Bland–Altman method was conducted and showed high consistency between the evaluation method of five features and Fugl–Meyer scale. Therefore, the five features proposed in this paper can quantitatively evaluate the motor function of stroke patients which is very useful in the rehabilitation process.

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