scholarly journals Antiaging and Antioxidant Bioactivities of Asteraceae Plant Fractions on the Cellular Functions of the Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rika Indri Astuti ◽  
Muhammad Eka Prastya ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Eka Budiarti ◽  
Aulia Ilmiyawati
Keyword(s):  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Water Fractions

Research on antioxidants has been gaining worldwide attention because of their essential applications for medicinal purposes. In this study, we conducted bioprospecting of six Asteraceae plants as the source of antiaging and antioxidant agents. Water and chloroform fractions from Ageratum conyzoides L., Dichrocephala integrifolia (L.f.) Kuntze, Galinsoga parviflora (Cav.), Mikania micrantha Kunth, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, and Synedrella nodiflora L. were collected and assayed for their in vitro antioxidant activities and potential antiaging properties using the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as the model organism. Based on the in vitro assay, the water fractions of S. trilobata showed a strong antioxidant activity. Interestingly, all treatment solutions promoted the stress tolerance phenotype of S. pombe to strong H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions. Moreover, compared with the treatments without plant extract/fraction, all extract and fraction treatments, except the chloroform fractions of A. conyzoides, promoted yeast cell longevity. Strong induction of mitochondria activity was found following the treatments with the extracts and fractions of S. nodiflora, D. integrifolia, and M. micrantha and likely mimicked the calorie restriction-induced lifespan. Interestingly, S. nodiflora water fractions significantly upregulated the mRNA transcripts of the Pap1-mediated core environmental stress response, namely, ctt1 gene in S. pombe. These data indicated that the fractions of Asteraceae plants had potential antioxidant and antiaging activities through various cellular modulations. S. nodiflora water fraction has been shown to have antioxidant and antiaging activities in S. pombe, by modulating stress tolerance response, inducing mitochondrial activity, and increasing the ctt1 gene expression. Compounds analysis identified that S. nodiflora water fraction contained some primarily compounds including oxyphyllacinol, valine, and sugiol.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activities of methanolic extract and its fractions of Baccaurea racemosa and Macaranga subpeltata leaves

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Widodo ◽  
Sismindari ◽  
W. Asmara ◽  
Abdul Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Water Fraction

Oxidative stress, the excessive presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is suggested as a basal cause of aging as well as various degenerative and chronic diseases in human. Antioxidants are believed to play a very vital role in the body defense system against ROS. Plant-based antioxidants with their prominence have gained tremendous worldwide interest nowadays. Baccaurea racemosa and Macaraanga subpeltata are among ethnomedical used plants for liver diseases medication which have potential source as natural antioxidants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the methanolic crude extract (CE) and their fractions of the plant’s leaves. Maceration was performed to obtain CE, which then subjected to fractionation using n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol to obtain fractions of hexane fraction (HF), dichloromethane (DF), chloroform (CF), ethyl acetate (EAF), and ethanol fractions (EF), respectively. The CE and all fractions included water fraction (WF) and residue (R) were examined for its total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activities using various in vitro assay. In general, EAF demonstrated as the best solvent for the extracting phenolic compounds with higher antioxidant activity. The CE and its fractions of M. subpeltata contained higher of TPC and TFC, also demonstrated higher antioxidant capacity, than that B. racemosa. The phenolics compounds were responsible for the antiradical properties. The EAF of M. subpeltata was scavenging those radicals better than that of L-(+)ascorbic acid as a positive control. The high antioxidant activities and phenolics contents make both the plant extracts to be developed as a food supplement.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil from Tornabenea bischoffii (Apiaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600
Author(s):  
Risoleta Ortet ◽  
Erik L. Regalado ◽  
Olivier P. Thomas ◽  
Jorge A. Pino ◽  
Miguel D. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Vitro Assay

The chemical composition of Tornabenea bischoffii J. A. Schmidt essential oil from Cape Verde was studied by GC and GC/MS. Sixty volatile compounds were identified of which myristicin was the major constituent (33.6%). Using the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging method and the in vitro assay for prevention of lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric reactive species, significant antioxidant activities were evidenced.

In vitro Antioxidant Capacities of Two Benzonaphthoxanthenones: Ohioensins F and G, Isolated from the Antarctic Moss Polytrichastrum alpinum

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Datta Bhattarai ◽  
Babita Paudel ◽  
Hong Kum Lee ◽  
Hyuncheol Oh ◽  
Joung Han Yim
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Antarctic Moss

Antioxidant agents against reactive oxygen species can be used for several cosmetic and medicinal applications. This study’s objective was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of Polytrichastrum alpinum (Hedw.) G. L. Sm. (Polytrichaceae), an Antarctic moss species collected from King George Island (Antarctica). The identifi cation of the moss species was performed on the basis of morphological characteristics and molecular sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. Two benzonaphthoxanthenones: ohioensins F and G, were isolated from the extract after several chromatographic procedures. The various in vitro antioxidant capacities of a methanolic extract of P. alpinum and the isolated compounds were evaluated by analyzing the scavenging capacities of free radicals of 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the total phenol assay with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, the ferric ion (Fe3+) reducing power and the nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and compared to those of commercial standards for each assay. The experimental data showed that even the crude extract of P. alpinum exhibited potent antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity was increased two- to seven-fold for the purified compounds. The antioxidant activities of both purified compounds were found to be more or less the same in all experiments. However, the obtained data showed that the Fe3+ reducing power of the purified compounds and crude methanolic extract was almost the same suggesting the presence of other stronger reducing agents in the methanolic extract which could not be isolated in the present experiment. Therefore, further work on the isolation of these stronger antioxidant agents from this moss specimen of the extreme environment is warranted. Developments of laboratory mass culture techniques are anticipated to achieve bulk production of the active constituents for commercial application.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Sarcocarp of Cotoneaster multiflorus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangping Liu ◽  
Jia Jia ◽  
Xuemin Jing ◽  
Guoliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Water Fraction

The ethanol-water (7 : 3, v/v) extract of Cotoneaster multiflorus sarcocarp was sequentially fractionated by liquid-liquid partition using n-hexane, diethyl ether, methylene dichloride, and ethyl acetate. The contents of total polyphenols, total flavones, and oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the five parts (including the ethanol-water extract) were determined. In addition, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation decolorization, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays were conducted to test the antioxidant activities of Sample 1 (the ethanol-water fraction) and Sample 2 (the ethyl acetate fraction) in vitro. In the above five assays, Sample 2 showed greater antioxidant capacities than Sample 1. Furthermore, Sample 2 was better able to protect low-density lipoproteins from oxidation in a dose-dependent manner. The test results show that C. multiflorus sarcocarp, especially the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction, may be a potential source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Cell cycle expression of two replicative DNA polymerases alpha and delta from Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Park ◽  
S Francesconi ◽  
T S Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Dna Polymerases ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cycle Dependent

We have investigated the expression of two Schizosaccharomyces pombe replicative DNA polymerases alpha and delta during the cell cycle. The pol alpha+ and pol delta+ genes encoding DNA polymerases alpha and delta were isolated from S. pombe. Both pol alpha+ and pol delta+ genes are single copy genes in haploid cells and are essential for cell viability. In contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologs, the steady-state transcripts of both S. pombe pol alpha+ and pol delta+ genes were present throughout the cell cycle. Sequence analysis of the pol alpha+ and pol delta+ genes did not reveal the Mlu I motifs in their upstream sequences that are involved in cell cycle-dependent transcription of S. cerevisiae DNA synthesis genes as well as the S. pombe cdc22+ gene at the G1/S boundary. However, five near-match Mlu I motifs were found in the upstream region of the pol alpha+ gene. S. pombe DNA polymerases alpha and delta proteins were also expressed constantly throughout the cell cycle. In addition, the enzymatic activity of the S. pombe DNA polymerase alpha measured by in vitro assay was detected at all stages of the cell cycle. Thus, these S. pombe replicative DNA polymerases, like that of S. pombe cdc17+ gene, are expressed throughout the cell cycle at the transcriptional and protein level. These results indicate that S. pombe has at least two regulatory modes for the expression of genes involved in DNA replication and DNA precursor synthesis.

scholarly journals In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of the Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hagenia abyssinica Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zemene Demelash Kifle ◽  
Simachew Gidey Debeb ◽  
Yaschilal Muche Belayneh
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Hagenia Abyssinica

Background. The leaves of Hagenia abyssinica have been used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Ethiopian folk medicine. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and solvent fractions of H. abyssinica leaves. Methods. The in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the plant extract were assessed using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), p-nitro-phenyl-a-D glucopyranoside (p-NPG), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. Each value of percent inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPPH scavenging effect was presented as means ± SEM ( n = 3 ). Results. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions was found to be concentration-dependent. The strongest activity was exhibited by the crude extract at the highest concentration with a percentage inhibition of 74.52% (IC50, 14.52 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 68.24% (IC50, 16.31 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 61.57% (IC50, 18.73 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 56.87% (IC50, 21.57 μg/ml) of H. abyssinica leaves. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, the maximum activity was exhibited by the aqueous fraction 62.54% (IC50, 11.67 μg/ml) followed by ethyl acetate fraction 54.97% (IC50, 15.89 μg/ml), crude extract 46.79% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 36.44% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml). In the antioxidant assay, the crude extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity 86.36% (IC50, 10.25 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 78.59% (IC50, 13.86 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 71.58% (IC50, 16.34 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 63.65% (IC50, 18.83 μg/ml). Conclusion. This study has revealed that H. abyssinica leaves possess noticeable in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Potential In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activities from Piper Crocatum and Persea Americana Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-667
Author(s):  
Fatmawaty Fatmawaty ◽  
Ni G. M. Anggreni ◽  
Naufal Fadhil ◽  
Vivitri D. Prasasty
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Water Fraction

Piper crocatum and Persea americana Mill leaves are commonly used in traditional medicinal remedies, such as antidiabetes, antitumors and Alzheimer treatment. However, the extensive use of plant extracts over worldwide becomes significant concerns including its safety, efficacy, and quality. Therefore, the accurate scientific evaluation has become a precondition for acceptance of herbal health claims. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activities of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav and Persea americana Mill leaf extracts. Isolation of antioxidant fractions were conducted using organic solvent extraction techniques. Antioxidant assays were conducted by using in vitro and in vivo methods involving DPPH and MDA methods. In this study, in vitro assays of Persea americana Mill and Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav leaf extracts showed the best activity in water fraction. Moreover, in vivo assays of both plant leaf extracts showed the best dose at 8 mg. Persea americana Mill and Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav leaf extracts have been successfully determined in antioxidant actions in vitro and in vivo. Persea americana Mill in water and ethanol solvents exhibit strong antioxidant properties. Meanwile, Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav exhibit moderate activity in water and weak antioxidant activity in ethanol. Both plant leaves showed that 8 mg dose was better than the dose of 4 mg and 16 mg in vivo.

Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of the Lotus Leaf (Nelumbo nucifera Gertn.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (05) ◽  
pp. 687-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Jiuan Wu ◽  
Lisu Wang ◽  
Ching-Yi Weng ◽  
Jui-Hung Yen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Lotus Leaf ◽  
Dose Dependent

In this study, hydrogen peroxide ( H 2 O 2)-mediated Caco-2 cytotoxicity was employed to investigate the potential antioxidant activity of the methanol extract from the lotus leaf (Nelumbo nucifera Gertn.). A dose-dependent protective effect against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cytotoxicity was observed when Caco-2 cells were treated with 10 mM H 2 O 2 in combination with the methanol extract of the lotus leaf (0.1–0.3 mg/ml). However, no significant effect was found when co-treating Caco-2 cells with 10 mM H 2 O 2 and α-tocopherol. In vitro assay revealed that the extract exhibited scavenging activities on free radicals and hydroxyl radicals, and metal binding ability as well as reducing power, which may explain in part the mechanism behind the extract's ability to protect cells from oxidative damage. In addition, the extract also exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activities against hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid peroxidation and Fenton reaction-mediated plasmid DNA oxidation.

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