scholarly journals Association of Common Medications and the Risk of Early-Onset Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Matched Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Taleen A. MacArthur ◽  
William Scott Harmsen ◽  
Jay Mandrekar ◽  
Feven Abraha ◽  
Travis E. Grotz
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Medical Record Linkage ◽  
Olmsted County ◽  
Cox 2

Background. Early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC, age ≤ 60 years at diagnosis) now comprises >30% of new gastric cancers in the United States. It is hypothesized that chronic acid suppression with proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may promote tumorigenesis, while other medications including statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), metformin, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been proposed as protective. We aimed to assess for an association between use of the aforementioned commonly prescribed medications and EOGC development. Methods. We used a population-based medical record linkage system, to identify cases of EOGC in Olmsted County, Minnesota, between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2020. Patients were matched 1 : 1 with controls based on age at diagnosis, sex, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations with the odds of EOGC development. Results. Ninety-six cases of EOGC were identified during the study period. On both univariate and multivariate regression analysis, there was no significant association between use of PPIs, statins, NSAIDs, or metformin and EOGC development. In a final multivariable model, there was a significant reduction in odds of EOGC with COX-2 inhibitor use for six months or more prior to cancer diagnosis ( OR = 0.39 , 95% CI 0.16-0.94). Conclusion. In this retrospective, population-based study of individuals in Olmsted County, MN, we found significantly reduced odds of EOGC development associated with COX-2 inhibitor use for six months or more prior to diagnosis, but no association between EOGC development and use of PPIs and other commonly prescribed medications.

scholarly journals Cabbage and Sauerkraut Consumption in Adolescence and Adulthood and Breast Cancer Risk among US-Resident Polish Migrant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10795
Author(s):  
Dorothy Rybaczyk Pathak ◽  
Aryeh D. Stein ◽  
Jian-Ping He ◽  
Mary M. Noel ◽  
Larry Hembroff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cook County ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Background: Breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality are lower in Poland than in the United States (US). However, Polish-born migrant women to US approach the higher BC mortality rates of US women. We evaluated the association between consumption of cabbage/sauerkraut foods and BC risk in Polish-born migrants to US. Methods: We conducted a case–control study of BC among Polish-born migrants in Cook County and the Detroit Metropolitan Area. Cases (n = 131) were 20–79 years old with histological/cytological confirmation of invasive BC. Population-based controls (n = 284) were frequency matched to cases on age and residence. Food frequency questionnaires assessed diet during adulthood and age 12–13 years. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with conditional logistic regression. Consumption of total, raw/short-cooked, and long-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods was categorized as low, medium, or high (frequency of servings/week). Results: Higher consumption of total and raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods, during both adolescence and adulthood, was associated with a significantly lower BC risk. Consumption of long-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods was low and not significantly associated with risk. The multivariate OR for total cabbage/sauerkraut consumption, high vs. low (> 4 vs. ≤ 2 servings/week) during adolescence was 0.36 (95% CI = 0.18–0.71, ptrend < 0.01) and 0.50 (95% CI = 0.23–1.06, ptrend = 0.08) during adulthood. For raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut (>3 vs. ≤1.5 servings/week), the ORs were 0.35 (95% CI = 0.16–0.72, ptrend < 0.01) during adolescence and 0.37 (95% CI = 0.17–0.78, ptrend < 0.01) during adulthood. For joint adolescent/adult consumption of raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods, (high, high) vs. (low, low), the OR was 0.23 (95% CI = 0.07–0.65). The significant association for high adolescent consumption of raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods and reduced BC risk was consistent across all levels of consumption in adulthood. Conclusion: Greater consumption of total and raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods either during adolescence or adulthood was associated with significantly reduced BC risk among Polish migrant women. These findings contribute to the growing literature suggesting a protective effect of a potentially modifiable factor, cruciferous vegetable intake, on breast cancer risk.

scholarly journals Tu1663 – Anatomical Distribution of Gastric Cancer in the United States Between 2013 and 2018: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1082
Author(s):  
Mohannad Abou Saleh ◽  
Emad Mansoor ◽  
Vijit Chouhan ◽  
Mohammed Z. Sheriff ◽  
C. Roberto Simons-Linares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Anatomical Distribution

scholarly journals Sickle Cell Trait and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca V. Zhang ◽  
Kathleen A. Ryan ◽  
Haley Lopez ◽  
Marcella A. Wozniak ◽  
Michael S. Phipps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and Purpose: Approximately 8% of Blacks have sickle cell trait (SCT), and there are conflicting reports from recent cohort studies on the association of SCT with ischemic stroke (IS). Most prior studies focused on older populations, with few data available in young adults. Methods: A population-based case-control study of early-onset IS was conducted in the Baltimore-Washington region between 1992 and 2007. From this study, 342 Black IS cases, ages 15 to 49, and 333 controls without IS were used to examine the association between SCT and IS. Each participant’s SCT status was established by genotyping and imputation. For analysis, χ 2 tests and logistic regression models were performed with adjustment for potential confounding variables. Results: Participants with SCT (n=55) did not differ from those without SCT (n=620) in prevalence of hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, and current smoking status. Stroke cases had increased prevalence in these risk factors compared with controls. We did not find an association between SCT and early-onset IS in our overall population (odds ratio=0.9 [95% CI, 0.5–1.7]) or stratified by sex in males (odds ratio=1.26 [95% CI, 0.56–2.80]) and females (odds ratio=0.67 [95% CI, 0.28–1.69]). Conclusions: Our data did not find evidence of increased risk of early-onset stroke with SCT.

Long-Term Survivors of Gastric Cancer: A California Population-Based Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (28) ◽  
pp. 3507-3515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Kunz ◽  
Matthew Gubens ◽  
George A. Fisher ◽  
James M. Ford ◽  
Daphne Y. Lichtensztajn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Intestinal Histology ◽  
Hospital Size

Purpose In the United States, gastric cancer is rapidly fatal with a 25% 5-year survival. Of the few patients who survive, little is known about their demographic, clinical, and tumor characteristics. Patients and Methods Data regarding all cases of gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma diagnosed in California between 1988 and 2005 were obtained from the California Cancer Registry, a member of the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. A Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to understand the independent relationships of patient demographic, disease, and treatment factors with survival. Results We identified 47,647 patients diagnosed with gastric or GEJ cancer. Of those, only 9,325 (20%) survived at least 3 years. Variables associated with longer survival were localized stage (hazard ratio [HR], 0.20), surgery with diagnosis in 2002 or later (HR, 0.34), surgery with diagnosis in 2001 or before (0.37), regional stage (HR, 0.53), chemotherapy (HR, 0.56), intestinal histology (HR, 0.74), well- or moderately differentiated tumors (HR, 0.76), radiation (HR, 0.80), Asian/Pacific Islander race (HR, 0.81), treatment at an academic hospital (HR, 0.85), fundus/body/antrum location (HR, 0.90), highest socioeconomic status quintile (HR, 0.91), female sex (HR, 0.92), Hispanic race (HR, 0.92), and hospital size more than 150 beds (HR, 0.94). Kaplan-Meier curves showed longer median disease-specific survival (DSS) in patients with tumors originating in the fundus/body/antrum compared with esophagus/cardia (13.4 v 10.8 months). Intestinal histology had significantly longer median DSS (28.9 months) compared with other (11.0 months) or diffuse (10.1 months) histology. Conclusion Patients who survive gastric and GEJ cancer more than 3 years after diagnosis have demographic and pathologic characteristics distinct from those who do not survive.

Odds of Venous Thromboembolims (VTE) Associated with Hospitalization, Surgery, and Cancer Among Nursing Home Residents: A Population-Based Study.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 2984-2984
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Leibson ◽  
John A. Heit ◽  
Kent R. Bailey ◽  
Tanya M. Petterson ◽  
Aneel Ashrani
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Olmsted County ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Active Cancer

Abstract Abstract 2984 Poster Board II-960 In previous studies of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among all residents of Olmsted County, MN, the odds of VTE associated with surgery, medical hospitalization, or active cancer were extremely high (Univariate odds ratio [OR] =14.6; 4.6, and 8.4 respectively). We also showed that nursing home (NH) residency was an independent risk factor for VTE (OR =5.6). From a clinical practice perspective, it is important to identify which NH residents are at risk of VTE. While it might be assumed that, similar to estimates for the population generally, surgery, medical hospitalization, and cancer are associated with increased risk of VTE within the NH population, the answer remains unclear. We took advantage of the previous identification of all Olmsted County, MN residents who met research criteria for incident VTE 1998-2005 (N=1168). We then determined which individuals were resident of a local NH at time of symptom onset, regardless of location of symptom onset (i.e., for purposes of this study, individuals whose VTE occurred in-hospital having been admitted from a NH were considered NH residents). For each such NH VTE case (N=96), we identified 2 same sex Olmsted County residents of similar age and duration-of-medical-history who were resident of a local NH at the time of the case's VTE event (i.e., index date) (N=192). The detailed provider-linked medical records of NH VTE cases and NH non-VTE controls were reviewed for 3 months before index for surgery or medical hospitalization and for 6 months surrounding index for active cancer. Using conditional logistic regression, we tested and estimated the odds ratio associated with each of these potential risk factors. The proportions of NH VTE cases and NH non-VTE controls with surgery (33%, 28%), medical hospitalization (44%, 46%), and active cancer (12%, 9%) were similar. Univariate odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) and p values for surgery, medical hospitalization, and active cancer were 1.5 (0.7-3.1), p=0.30; 1.1 (0.6-2.1), p=0.74; and 1.4 (0.6-3.2), p=0.46 respectively. Compared to the entire Olmsted County population, the odds of VTE associated with surgery, hospitalization, and cancer are surprisingly much lower for NH residents. Additional investigation is needed to characterize the subset of NH residents at increased risk of VTE. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Abstract W P147: Occupational and Risk of Stroke: A Population-Based Study in the United States

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengwei Wang ◽  
Bijal K Mehta ◽  
Aaron McMurtray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Population Based Study

BACKGROUND: Previous studies on occupational exposure for risk of stroke have been limited in the range of occupations. There has not been a population-based study on a nationally representative sample that investigates the association between a comprehensive list of occupations and risk of stroke in the United States. Objective: To examine the relative risk for the occurrence of stroke between different occupations in the U.S. adult population. METHODS: Population-based complex survey study using the National Health Interview Survey, 2004 through 2012 which included randomly sampled non-institutionalized adults (n=186,539) in the United States.The main variables measured included self-reported stroke defined as ‘Have you ever been told you had a stroke in the past 12 month” by a physician; The predictor variable, occupation, was obtained using the census occupational codes, and regrouped according to North American Industrial Classification System. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Chi-square test was used. RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes, angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, smoking status and alcohol drinking status, and with legal Occupations as a reference group, the likelihood of developing stroke was 1.85 times higher in Production Occupations, 1.92 times higher in Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations, 1.93 times higher in Personal Care and Service Occupations, 1.94 times higher in Transportation and Material Moving Occupations, 2.08 times higher in Healthcare Support Occupations, and 2.11 times higher in Construction and Extraction Occupations. CONCLUSION: This study identifies occupation groups in US adult population with higher risk for stroke. Alleviation from workplace stress is suggested as a goal for behavioral intervention in the higher-risk occupations. Additional research on characteristics of the high risk occupations is needed for guiding prevention in these US job settings.

scholarly journals Tu1662 – The Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the United States Between 2013 and 2018: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1081-S-1082
Author(s):  
Mohannad Abou Saleh ◽  
Emad Mansoor ◽  
Mohammed Z. Sheriff ◽  
Vijit Chouhan ◽  
C. Roberto Simons-Linares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Cyclooxygenase-2 Mediated Regulation of E-Cadherin Occurs in Conventional But Not Early-Onset Gastric Cancer Cell Lines

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-485
Author(s):  
R. Sitarz ◽  
R. J. Leguit ◽  
W. W. J. de Leng ◽  
F. H. M. Morsink ◽  
W. P. Polkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Gastric Cancers ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
E Cadherin

Background: COX-2 and E-cadherin, involved in invasion and metastasis, are molecules critical for gastric carcinogenesis. A relationship between them is documented in non-small cell lung and prostate cancer. We present novel evidence of a relationship between COX-2 and E-cadherin expression in gastric cancer.Methods: Using qPCR and Western blots analysis on celecoxib and PGE2 treated and untreated gastric cancer cell lines derived from tumours of the intestinal type (MKN45, MKN28, AGS3, MKN7) and immunohistochemistry of 178 gastric cancers on tissue microarrays (TMA), we examined the COX-2/E-cadherin relationship.Results: Down-regulation of COX-2 by celecoxib led to up-regulation of E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels in conventional gastric cancer cell lines, whereas expression was down regulated in the early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC) cell line. Immunohistochemistry on TMAs of 178 gastric cancers showed no correlation between COX-2 and E-cadherin expression in the conventional or early gastric cancer groups.Conclusions: The results suggest that COX-2 has an impact on transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin in gastric cancer and our findings further highlight the intriguing nature of EOGCs which appear to have a molecular phenotype distinct from conventional gastric cancer. In addition, our findings also suggest that reduction of COX-2 using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in gastric cancer chemoprevention may only be relevant for older patients.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal comparison of pertussis outbreaks in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2004–2005 and 2012: a population-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e025521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Il Wi ◽  
Philip H Wheeler ◽  
Harsheen Kaur ◽  
Euijung Ryu ◽  
Dohyeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Medical Record Linkage ◽  
Olmsted County ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Geographically Targeted

ObjectiveTwo pertussis outbreaks occurred in Olmsted County, Minnesota, during 2004–2005 and 2012 (5–10 times higher than other years), with significantly higher incidence than for the State. We aimed to assess whether there were similar spatio-temporal patterns between the two outbreaks.SettingOlmsted County, Minnesota, USAParticipantsWe conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of all Olmsted County residents during the 2004–2005 and 2012 outbreaks, including laboratory-positive pertussis cases.Primary outcome measureFor each outbreak, we estimated (1) age-specific incidence rate using laboratory-positive pertussis cases (numerator) and the Rochester Epidemiology Project Census (denominator), a medical record-linkage system for virtually all Olmsted County residents, and (2) pertussis case density using kernel density estimation to identify areas with high case density. To account for population size, we calculated relative difference of observed density and expected density based on age-specific incidence.ResultsWe identified 157 and 195 geocoded cases in 2004–2005 and 2012, respectively. Incidence was the highest among adolescents (ages 11 to <14 years) for both outbreaks (9.6 and 7.9 per 1000). The 2004–2005 pertussis outbreak had higher incidence in winter (52% of cases) versus summer in 2012 (53%). We identified a consistent area with higher incidence at the beginning (ie, first quartile) of two outbreaks, but it was inconsistent for later quartiles. The relative difference maps for the two outbreaks suggest a greater role of neighbourhood population size in 2012 compared with 2004–2005.ConclusionsComparing spatio-temporal patterns between two pertussis outbreaks identified a consistent geographical area with higher incidence of pertussis at the beginning of outbreaks in this community. This finding can be tested in future outbreaks, and, if confirmed, can be used for identifying epidemiological risk factors clustered in such areas for geographically targeted intervention.

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